摘要:

AbstractA detailed report is presented of experiments made with removable nozzle extensions to determine the relative amount of erosion when various types of steel are teemed through (1) regular fire‐clay nozzles fired to different temperatures and (2) nozzles of the more refractory types. The mechanism of erosion is discussed. The data indicate the limitation of refractory materials having a P.C.E. of 28 or higher for use in nozzles or as open‐hearth ladle br

ISSN:0002-7820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1949.tb19766.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1949

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA comparison is made between the attack by NaOH and that by sodium silicate solutions on a borosilicate glass, a lime glass, and a lead glass. Below roughly 0.5 Na2O normality the rate of attack by NaOH is greater, but at higher normalities this is more than doubled in some instances by that of silicate solutions of equivalent Na2O normality. The rate of attack by sodium silicates generally reaches a maximum as a function of the SiO2:Na2O ratio and decreases to low rates for high ratios. A similar behavior is observed for potassium silicate solutions, the maxima occurring at about the same silica‐to‐alkali rat

ISSN:0002-7820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1949.tb19767.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1949

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRadioactive emanation‐producing tracers for the investigation of powders have been applied to (1) the determination of surfaces and surface changes (e.g., melting) and (2) the study of diffusion phenomena in relation to transformations and chemical reactions. Preliminary investigations of glass batches have indicated the usefulness of this method. In the application of the procedure, small samples of glass batch (0.2 gm.) are treated with radiothorium nitrate solution, dried and sieved, and heated at a constant rate of 10 °C. per minute to 900–1000°. The release of thorium emanation atoms as a function of the temperature is measured by their ionizing effect on a nitrogen current passing the sample into an ionization chamber connected to an amplifier and a sensitive galvanometer. Investigations using this method are desc

ISSN:0002-7820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1949.tb19768.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1949

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA study was made of the ‐decomposition of the micas muscovite, phlogopite, biotite, and lepidolite and of the vermiculite Jefferisite. Decomposition was effected by heat, water vapor under pressure, and electrodialysis. The changes were generally detected by X‐ray methods supplemented by water‐loss determinations, differential thermal analysis, photomicrographs, and electron micrographs. Muscovite and phlogopite were found to have similar dehydration and decomposition characteristics, whereas biotite appeared to be more stable toward heat than either. Lepidolite, after a minor decomposition, may be melted and recrystallized congruently. Jefferisite decomposed to talc at about 350 °C.Low‐temperature arid low‐pressure hydrothermal experiments failed to produce any marked effects No intermediate products of decomposition were isolated in the high‐ temperature (maximum 650°C.), high‐pressure (maximum 10,000 Ib. per sq. in.) experiments. It was possible to resynthesize muscovite and phlogopite from their decomposition products. Electrodklysis was used for the first time as a tool for decomposing biotite and jefferisite in stages, finally reaching a silica gel. Other possible applications for electrodialysis we

ISSN:0002-7820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1949.tb19769.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1949

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe particle size and exchange capacity of several samples of montmorillonite were measured. It is shown that the particle size does influence the exchange capacity. Based on recent observations of thickness of particles, the surface area can be calculated more precisely; this in turn can be related to the exchange capacity. This relationship and that existing for kaolinite are compared. It is shown that the exchange capacity is directly related to the broken Si—O, Al—O, or Al—OH lin

ISSN:0002-7820    

DOI:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1949.tb19770.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1949

数据来源: WILEY