摘要:

SUMMARY1. The objective of this study was to examine in anaesthetized dogs the graded effect of saralasin on renal prostaglandin E (PGE) release and to attempt to associate this change with its effects on plasma renin activity and renal blood flow.2. Blood pressure and renal blood flow were monitored. Renal PGE concentration and plasma renin activity were measured by radioimmunoassay. Saralasin or saline vehicle was infused into the renal artery for 20 min.3. Infusion of saralasin at the lowest dose of 0.25m̈g/kg per min or saline vehicle did not alter either renal blood flow or plasma renin activity. Saralasin increased renal blood flow and caused a complete blockade of the renal vasoconstrictor response to exogenous angiotensin II at the two higher doses used (0.5 and 1m̈g/kg per, min). Only the highest dose of saralasin increased plasma renin activity significantly.4. Renal venous PGE concentration at the 5, 10 and 20 min periods of infusion was not changed significantly by any of these three doses of saralasin. We conclude therefore that the increases in renal blood flow and plasma renin activity caused by saralasin in the anaesthetized dog occur by mechanisms independent of changes in renal PG

ISSN:0305-1870    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1681.1983.tb00186.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARY1. The haemodynamic effects of prenalterol, a new sympathomimetic agent, have been studied in anaesthetized open‐chest pigs with acute myocardial ischaemia provoked by left anterior descending coronary artery ligation. A group of eight animals was infused with saline and served as control (C).2. In both groups the ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery determined a significant (P<0.05) reduction of aortic flow, maximum left ventricular (LV)dp/dtwith no changes in heart rate.3. The infusion of a first dose of 30m̈g/kg of prenalterol restored the depressed haemodynamics but increased significantly the heart rate in the prenalterol group while the saline infused group did not show any significant changes. The haemodynamic effects of prenalterol were still evident 25 min after the infusion.4. The subsequent administration of a second dose of 60m̈g/kg of prenalterol resulted in a further improvement of the aortic flow, LVdp/dtand heart rate which reached values higher than in the basal condition.5. The positive inotropic effect was not associated with changes in stroke volume, therefore the increase in aortic flow was essentially due to an increase of the heart rate.6. It is concluded that prenalterol is a powerful inotropic agent in acutely infarcted animals. Its action on aortic flow appears to be related to an increase in heart rate in contrast to some previous observati

ISSN:0305-1870    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1681.1983.tb00187.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARY1. The association between average weekly alcohol consumption and blood pressure was studied in relation to age, adiposity and smoking in 13 535 men and 7385 women.2. There was a progressive increase in blood pressure with increasing alcohol consumption, even at low levels of consumption.

ISSN:0305-1870    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1681.1983.tb00188.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Radionuclide Imaging in Drug Research. Edited by Clive George Wilson and John G. Hardy with M. Frier and S. S. Davis

ISSN:0305-1870    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1681.1983.tb00189.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0305-1870    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1681.1983.tb00190.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARY1. The fall in blood pressure observed in both early and chronic phase Goldblatt 2‐kidney 1‐clip hypertension produced by removing or unclipping the ischaemic kidney is due to a profound fall in peripheral resistance.2. The two procedures have an equal effect upon peripheral resistance and the lesser efficacy of nephrectomy in lowering blood pressure is due to a greater rise in stroke volume perhaps associated with a greater degree of sodium retention.3. Neither changes in sodium balance, in the renin‐angiotensin system nor in vascular reactivity explain the fall in blood pressure.4. A reduction in renal sympathetic afferent activity and a medullary based vasoactive humoral system may play a role although the nature and extent of that role remain to be de

ISSN:0305-1870    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1681.1983.tb00191.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARY1 To test a possible role of endogenous opioids in the blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) responses to the converting enzyme inhibitor captopril in man, nine normal subjects were given captopril (50 mg) or placebo with and without the opioid antagonist naloxone (0.2 mg/kg i.v.).2 Treatments were given in random order and under double‐blind conditions. BP and HR were measured supine and after a 5 min head‐up tilt to 60Â˚before, 90, and 360 min after captopril. BP and HR responses to Valsalva's manoeuvre and isometric exercise (sustained hand grip) were also measured, as indirect tests of baroreceptor reflex function.3 After captopril alone, there was a significant decrease in supine diastolic and tilt systolic and diastolic BP at 90 min (7.8, s.d. = 6; 15.4, s.d. = 13; and 7.0, s.d. = 12 mmHg, respectively). When naloxone was also given, corresponding changes were 0 (s.d. =9), 0 (s.d. = 15) and 3 (s.d. =7) mmHg.4 The effect of naloxone on the changes in supine diastolic and tilt systolic BP were significant (P=0.017,P=0.030 respectively; analysis of variance). No significant effects of treatment on supine or tilt HR were seen. BP and HR changes during Valsalva's manoeuvre and isometric exercise were not altered by active treatment.5 These results suggest that the BP but not the HR responses to converting enzyme blockade are mediated by endogenous op

ISSN:0305-1870    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1681.1983.tb00192.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARY1. The effect of plasma taken from normotensive humans, while on a low and high sodium diet, on [Na + K]‐ATPase and3H‐ouabain binding was measured in tubules from guinea‐pig kidneys.2. Plasma from the high sodium, compared to the low sodium, diet period: (a) inhibited [Na + K]‐ATPase activity; (b) decreased3H‐ouabain affinity for binding sites; (c) increased the number of available3H‐ouabain binding sites; (d) decreased [Na + K]‐ATPase turnover (activity/3H‐ouabain binding sites).3. The inhibition of [Na plus; K]‐ATPase suggests an increase in a (possible) natriuretic factor. The decreased affinity of3H‐ouabain binding suggests an endogenous ouabainoid, which may be the

ISSN:0305-1870    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1681.1983.tb00193.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARY1. Rat isolated perfused tail arteries were used to investigate interactions between serotonin receptors and α‐adrenoceptors.2. Ketanserin was shown to be a potent serotonin antagonist (pA2=9.17, s.e.m. =0.06,n= 6) which also antagonized phenylephrine{pA2= 7.47, s.e.m. =0.10,n= 4) and noradrenaline (pA2= 7.55, s.e.m. =0.14,n = 6).3. Ketanserin reduced the maximal response to serotonin but not to phenylephrine or noradrenaline.4. Prazosin antagonized phenylephrine (pA2= 9.60, s.e.m. =0.12,n= 5) and noradrenaline(pA2= 9.14, s.e.m.=0.11,n= 6) and had no effect on maximal responses. Prazosin reduced the maximal response to serotonin but did not displace the dose‐response curve.5. These results are interpreted to indicate the existence of separate, but overlapping, serotonin and a‐adrenoc

ISSN:0305-1870    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1681.1983.tb00194.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARY1. The hypotensive action of chronic oral captopril treatment (50 mg/kg per day) was examined in two groups of male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) of the Okamoto strain, one group offered a choice of water and 0.9% saline as drinking fluid, the other offered water alone, a third group of SHR, offered a choice of water and 0.9% saline, were treated with vehicle (0.9% saline, 2 ml/kg per day).2. Captopril treatment, over ten days, significantly lowered blood pressure in the group drinking water only but failed to significantly alter the blood pressure of SHR drinking a choice of water and 0.9% saline. Vehicle treatment did not alter the blood pressure of SHR drinking a choice of saline and water.3. In an identical experiment using male, genetically hypertensive rats (GHR) of the Smirk strain, captopril lowered blood pressure to the same extent in GHR drinking either a choice of water and 0.9% saline or water alone.4. In conclusion, the reported exaggerated saline preference of the spontaneously hypertensive rat appears to antagonize the hypotensive action of captopril.

ISSN:0305-1870    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1681.1983.tb00195.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY