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1. |
Elevated Serum Hepatic Aminotransferase in Coking Workers After Exposure to Coke Oven Emissions |
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Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine,
Volume 40,
Issue 4,
1998,
Page 303-305
Ming-Tsang Wu,
David Christiani,
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ISSN:1076-2752
出版商:OVID
年代:1998
数据来源: OVID
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2. |
Vitamin B6, Vitamin C, and Carpal Tunnel Syndrome |
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Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine,
Volume 40,
Issue 4,
1998,
Page 305-307
Alfred Franzblau,
Cheryl Rock,
Robert Werner,
James Albers,
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ISSN:1076-2752
出版商:OVID
年代:1998
数据来源: OVID
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3. |
Vitamin B6, Vitamin C, and Carpal Tunnel Syndrome |
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Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine,
Volume 40,
Issue 4,
1998,
Page 307-309
Richard Keniston,
James Leklem,
Peter Nathan,
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ISSN:1076-2752
出版商:OVID
年代:1998
数据来源: OVID
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4. |
Absenteeism Among Employees Who Participated in a Workplace Influenza Immunization Program |
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Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine,
Volume 40,
Issue 4,
1998,
Page 311-316
Geary Olsen,
Jean Burris,
Michele Burlew,
Marianne Steinberg,
Nancy Patz,
John Stoltzfus,
Jeffrey Mandel,
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摘要:
To assess the effectiveness of a free workplace immunization program at 3M's St. Paul, Minnesota locations, we examined the difference in sick leave hours taken from November 15, 1996, through March 15, 1997, for employees who had and did not have an influenza vaccination prior to the previous year's four-month influenza season (November 15, 1995-March 15, 1996). Among the 2,622 employees who self-reported that they were not immunized in the previous year, there were, on average, 1.2 fewer hours of sick leave taken during the 1996-1997 influenza season than the comparable time period one year earlier (P < 0.05), although the exact reason for the absenteeism was not determined. In particular, we observed that female employees younger than 50 years of age with two or more children took 3.1 hours less sick leave in the year they were immunized, compared with the preceding year (P < 0.0001). Among the 895 subjects who were immunized in both years, employees took 0.7 hours more sick leave during the 1996-1997 influenza season than the previous year (P = 0.46). Based on our findings, consideration should be given to workplace immunization programs. However, we urge caution in applying a "one-size fits all" approach to any cost-savings analysis from a company-sponsored immunization program because the workplace is not a heterogeneous environment, with regard to employees' age, gender, medical history, and home environment. All of these factors may directly or indirectly contribute to the risk of acquiring influenza and any of its complications.
ISSN:1076-2752
出版商:OVID
年代:1998
数据来源: OVID
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5. |
Work-Related Physical Assault |
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Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine,
Volume 40,
Issue 4,
1998,
Page 317-324
Wanda LaMar,
Susan Goodwin Gerberich,
William Lohman,
Brian Zaidman,
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摘要:
Violence in the workplace is a serious public health problem. Yet, to date, little has been documented relevant to non-fatal events associated with physical assault. The aim of the present study was to identify the magnitude of work-related physical assault in Minnesota and to identify potential risk factors; both fatal and non-fatal cases were included. Minnesota workers' compensation records, relevant to assault, were used to identify 712 cases involving more than three days of lost work time for 1992; six homicide cases were included. Assault rates were calculated by industry and occupation. Women had an assault rate twice that of men (51 versus 26 per 100,000 workers). Workers in industries of social services (340), health services (202), and transportation (914) had the highest rates of assault per 100,000 full-time employees. The fact that in addition to overall workers' compensation costs of $1.6 million, the average lost time for closed compensated cases was 54 days (median, 14 days) and time to reach maximum medical improvement for 44% of the cases reporting was 156 days (median, 83 days), indicates a major problem. The findings suggest that specific groups of workers are at risk for physical assault on the job. Further research is essential to identify specific risk factors that will enable the development of appropriate prevention strategies.
ISSN:1076-2752
出版商:OVID
年代:1998
数据来源: OVID
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6. |
What Percentage of Workers With Work-Related Illnesses Receive Workers' Compensation Benefits? |
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Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine,
Volume 40,
Issue 4,
1998,
Page 325-331
Jeff Biddle,
Karen Roberts,
Kenneth Rosenman,
Edward Welch,
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摘要:
This study estimates the rate at which workers suffering from occupational illnesses file for workers' compensation lost wage benefits and identifies some of the factors that affect the probability that a worker with an occupational illness will file. A database of reports of known or suspected cases of occupational illness is matched with workers' compensation claims data. Overall, between 9% and 45% of reported workers file for benefits. Data limitations prevent a more precise estimate of this rate, but a large proportion of workers with occupational illnesses clearly does not utilize the worker's compensation system. Logit analysis of a choice-based sample shows that women and employees of small firms are more likely than others to file for workers' compensation and that filing rates vary considerably across industries and diagnostic categories. Acute conditions related to the current job are no more likely to lead to claims than chronic conditions with long latency periods between exposure and development of disease.
ISSN:1076-2752
出版商:OVID
年代:1998
数据来源: OVID
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7. |
Parental Occupation and Childhood Brain Tumors: Astroglial and Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumors |
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Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine,
Volume 40,
Issue 4,
1998,
Page 332-340
Roberta McKean-Cowdin,
Susan Preston-Martin,
Janice Pogoda,
Elizabeth Holly,
Beth Mueller,
Richard Davis,
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摘要:
Data from a population-based case-control study in 19 counties in California and Washington State were used to investigate the association between parental employment and childhood brain tumors. Parents of 540 cases(including 308 astroglial and 109 primitive neuroectodermal tumors) and 801 controls diagnosed from 1984 to 1991 were interviewed. Analysis was completed for parents' self-reported industry of employment and job tasks during the five years preceding the birth of the child. Parents who worked in the chemical industry were at increased risk of having had children with astroglial tumors (fathers' odds ratio [OR] = 2.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-3.9); mothers' OR = 3.3; 95% CI, 1.4-7.7), but no trend by duration of employment was seen for mothers. Children of fathers employed as electrical workers were at increased risk of developing brain tumors of any histologic type (OR = 2.3; 95% CI, 1.3-4.0).
ISSN:1076-2752
出版商:OVID
年代:1998
数据来源: OVID
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8. |
Health Care Costs of Worksite Health Promotion Participants and Non-Participants |
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Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine,
Volume 40,
Issue 4,
1998,
Page 341-346
Ron Goetzel,
Bert Jacobson,
Steven Aldana,
Kris Vardell,
Leslie Yee,
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摘要:
Total and lifestyle-related medical care costs for employees of a major corporation participating in a worksite health promotion (WHP) program over a three-year period were compared with the costs for non-participants in a cross-sectional study. The study population consisted of 8,334 active employees based in the Cincinnati headquarters of The Procter & Gamble Company. Adjusting for age and gender, participants (n = 3,993) had significantly lower health care costs (29% lower total and 36% lower lifestyle-related costs) when compared with non-participants (n = 4,341) in the third year of the program. Similarly, in the third year of the program, participants had significantly lower inpatient costs, fewer hospital admissions, and fewer hospital days of care when compared with non-participants. No significant differences in costs were found between participants and non-participants during the first two years of the WHP program. Conclusions drawn from this study are that long-term participation in a WHP that includes high-risk screening and intensive one-on-one counseling results in lower total and lifestyle-related health care costs, as well as lower utilization of hospital services.
ISSN:1076-2752
出版商:OVID
年代:1998
数据来源: OVID
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9. |
An Examination of Occupational Fatalities Involving Impact-Related Head Injuries in the Construction Industry |
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Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine,
Volume 40,
Issue 4,
1998,
Page 347-350
Christopher Allen Janicak,
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摘要:
Head injuries are the reason for which workers' compensation claims are most frequently filed and have the highest average cost per claim. The purpose of this study was to identify the construction industry trades with the greatest risk for an occupational fatality due to impact-related head injuries. Proportionate mortality ratios identified the highway and streets construction trades as having over three times the expected number of fatalities (P < 0.01) due to impact-related head injuries than expected, while the heavy construction trades had over two times the expected number of fatalities (P < 0.01) due to impact-related head injuries. The majority of these fatalities were the result of vehicle incidents and the worker's being struck by various forms of equipment that were in the process of being moved. Prevention strategies should be focused on vehicle safety, driver education, safe material handling, and the use of hard hats.
ISSN:1076-2752
出版商:OVID
年代:1998
数据来源: OVID
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10. |
OCMAP-PLUS: A Program for the Comprehensive Analysis of Occupational Cohort Data |
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Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine,
Volume 40,
Issue 4,
1998,
Page 351-362
Gary Marsh,
Ada Youk,
Roslyn Stone,
Stephen Sefcik,
Charles Alcorn,
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摘要:
The Occupational Cohort Mortality Analysis Program (OCMAP) has been redesigned for optimal microcomputer use and extended to include new computing algorithms. The new program, OCMAP-PLUS, offers a comprehensive, flexible, and efficient analysis of incidence or mortality rates and standardized measures in relation to multiple and diverse work history and exposure measures. New features include executable code, minimization of memory requirements, disk file storage of person-day arrays, stratified analyses by geographic area, employment status and up to eight exposure variables, a data imputation algorithm for study members with unknown race, and enhanced algorithms for constructing several time-dependent exposure measures. New modules create grouped data files for Poisson and logistic regression and risk set files for use in relative risk regression analysis. The Mortality and Population Data System (MPDS) provides external comparison rates and proportional mortalities. Analysis from two recent cohort mortality studies illustrate several new features.
ISSN:1076-2752
出版商:OVID
年代:1998
数据来源: OVID
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