ISSN:1071-5754    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1071-5754    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1071-5754    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1071-5754    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1071-5754    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1071-5754    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A national survey of educators shows that nurses are not being taught how to diagnose and manage urinary Incontinence In adults. What are the reasons for this?

ISSN:1071-5754    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The proper application of antiseptics to the open wound Is controversial. With the goal of creating an optimal environment for wound repair, consideration of a topical antiseptic Includes both Its bactericidal activity and Its potential cytotoxity when applied to the healing wound In varying concentrations. This discussion reviews the events of wound healing, Including the key cells that mediate this process, the significance of bacteria In the wound bed, and the Impact of Infection. Specific antiseptics, Including povldone-lodlne, hydrogen peroxide, acetic acid, and Dakln's solution are reviewed, emphasizing their bactericidal potential and their cyfotoxlc properties.

ISSN:1071-5754    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A pressure ulcer prevalence study was conducted at a large, university based hospital In the Midwest to establish a baseline of Information for the evaluation of equipment and the Interventions used for pressure ulcer prevention. Presence and stage of pressure ulcers, demographic data, attending service, type of mattress surface, and patient classification scores were recorded. The Braden Scale was used to measure the patients' risk for the development of pressure ulcers. Fifty-three of 440 patients studied had 85 ulcers, a prevalence rate of 12% Including stage I ulcers. Thirty-eight percent of the S3 patients with ulcers were admitted to the cardiology or cardiovascular surgery services. Stage II pressure ulcers were the most prevalent, comprising 44% of total ulcers. The coccyx, the right and left Ischla, and the heels were the most commonly ulcerated sites. One third ot the total sample size, 14S patients, were assessed as at significant risk for the development of pressure ulcers (Braden Scale score &16). A positive correlation was reported between the patients' risk for pressure ulcer development (total Braden Scale score) and patient acuity level as measured by a patient classification system (Medlcus Interact Staffing Productivity System, Type VI; Medlcus Systems Corporation, Evanston, III.).The bed surface of each patient was evaluated with respect to the presence of pressure ulcers, Braden Scale score, and patient acuity score. From the descriptive data, It was determined that patients with either high acuity, high risk (total Braden Scale scores 6 to 10), or existing pressure ulcers were readily Identified by the staff and placed on a therapeutic sleeping surface (e.g., lowair loss bed). Although the number of patients at moderate risk (total Braden Scale score 11 to 16) was significant, most were not placed on a therapeutic sleep- Ing surface. Further evaluation of the availability and use of pressure-reduction and pressure-relief devices Is Indicated. Other preventive practices also require closer consideration, particularly those used with cardiovascular patients. The relationship between risk for development of pressure ulcers and acuity level Is an Interesting finding that deserves further Investigation.

ISSN:1071-5754    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Many hospitals have begun replacing their standard mattresses with pressure-reducing foam mattresses to eliminate the costly overlays that have been used for comfort and to protect patients at risk for development of pressure ulcers. Although researchers have tested the performance of now mattresses and have shown that many may be of use with patients at high risk, no Information Is available on the pressure-reducing capabilities of used mattresses. This study was designed to evaluate changes with use In the support characteristics of foam-core hospital replacement mattresses. In the first part of the study, Interface pressure measurements were made at regular Intervals over an extended period of use. Sixty mattresses were randomly selected from 750 mattresses currently In use at St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital, Texas Medical Center, Houston. The mattresses were labeled and marked atthree selected points, and Interface pressures under a standard load were measured at approximately 3- month Intervals for 12 months. In the second part of the study, the stiffness of the foam, a measure of the foam's ability to support a weight, was measured at selected points on the mattresses. Patient reports of discomfort In the sacral area and of “sinking” Into the middle of the mattress prompted this phase of the study. The stiffness profiles of 25 new mattresses were compared with those of 25 randomly selected mattresses that had been In regular use for at least 24 months. Data analyzed from part one showed trends that Indicated that the Interface pressures Increased at each site during the course of the study; however, an analysis of variance Indicated that the changes were not statistically significant during the time frame of the study. In part two, the used mattresses showed significant reductions In stiffness at all sites. Stiffness In the sacral-coccygeal and heel sections was reduced more than 40% In all of the mattresses. Patient reports of discomfort In the sacral region were consistent with the softening of the foam. The findings suggest that although foam pressure-reducing mattresses are a useful tool In an Institution's tissue pressure- management program, the mattresses should be monitored closely for signs of deterioration. Testing of the foam's stiffness and Its ability to support and conform to body weights may be a useful test of mattress performance.

ISSN:1071-5754    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID