ISSN:1071-5754    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1071-5754    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1071-5754    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1071-5754    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1071-5754    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Many claims are made regarding fhe appropriate selection of support surfaces. ET nurses do not need to “reinvent the wheel” when they decide which system Is best for their patients, but they do need to be aware of the most current scientific and expert recommendations. The WOCN and the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research have published guidelines that list concrete suggestions about the prediction and prevention of pressure ulcers In adults. I developed an algorithm that Incorporates the two groups' recommendations and the most recent scientific research. This algorithm can be used In multiple nursing settings.

ISSN:1071-5754    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A ir-Huidlzed and low-air loss beds have /Kbecome common throughout the United States. Many studies have demonstrated the efficacy of these beds In the prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers. Determining which patients truly need this therapy and which could have positive outcomes with other pressurerelieving or pressure-reducing devices can be difficult. The purpose of this research was to examine medical diagnoses, total Braden Scale scores, Braden Scale subscores (sensory perception, moisture, activity, mobility, nutrition, and friction/shear), nutritional levels, and comorbld conditions among patients placed on specialty beds for prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers. A retrospective chart review of 47 patients who used specialty beds during an 18-month period was used to determine factors that were clinically significant.

ISSN:1071-5754    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

By means of a scientific method, start- LJdard hospital mattresses were evaluated for pressure-relieving properties and patient comfort. Vendors' written materials and product demonstrations led to the Initial selection of seven mattresses. On the basis of findings from a survey of staff nurses and environmental services and pressure readings obtained with three healthy volunteers, three mattresses were selected for Intensive evaluation. Eighteen mattresses (six of each type) were placed In six clinical care units; at 2-week Intervals, Interface pressure readings (occipital, sacral, and heel) were performed on patients by means of a computerized measurement system. Caregiver and patient questionnaires (n=100) were analyzed for clinical significance and patients' responses. We conclude that there are no significant differences among the three mattresses tested In pressure-reducing capabilities, nursing functions, or patient comfort.

ISSN:1071-5754    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Because critical care nurses recognize that many of their patients are at risk for pressure ulcer development, they provide them with support surfaces that can reduce this risk. Few reported studies, however, are available to help these nurses choose these surfaces wisely. This project was a new-product evaluation that compared the clinical effectiveness of three types of support surfaces: two dynamic mattress replacement surfaces and a static foam mattress replacement. Members of a convenience sample of 110 patients admitted to a surgical Intensive care unit each used one of the three support surfaces. When each patient was placed on one of the three surfaces, the eyaluators rated likelihood of pressure ulcer development (Braden Scale score) and assessed the skin for pressure ulcers. The evaluators repeated the Braden Scale score weekly and the skin assessment three times each week. Nine patients (8%), three patients on each support surface, acquired pressure ulcers. The logrank test did not find a statistically significant difference between the three types of support surfaces with respect to the risk of pressure ulcer development. Stepwlse Cox proportional hazards regression revealed a statistically significant relationship between the risk of developing, a pressure ulcer, the averaged total Braden Scale score, and the averaged score for the sensory perception subscale of the Braden Scale. Although these three surfaces were comparable In effectiveness, they were not comparable In cost. Both dynamic mattress replacement surfaces cost approximately $2000 each, whereas the cost of the static foam mattress replacement was only $240 each. The results of this product evaluation should encourage other nurses to evaluate patient care products carefully before making recommendations.

ISSN:1071-5754    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Ostomies are placed In children for different Indications than In the older population. Many ostomles of childhood are placed because of congenital or neonatal problems that require temporary or long-term diversion to stabilize the neonatal patient. Necrotizing enterocolitis, the most common reason for placement of neonatal colostomles and lieostomles, Is Increasing In frequency as more prematurely born Infants survive. Recently, there has been an Increase In treatment of various biliary hypoplasia syndromes with biliary cutaneous diversion. Children with biliary hypoplasia syndromes are a challenging group of patients who frequently can be helped by ostomles. This article reviews current Information on biliary cutaneous diversion for the biliary hypoplasia syndromes and Intestinal diversion for necrotizing enterocolitis

ISSN:1071-5754    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID