摘要:

AbstractFour hundred and five women with singleton pregnancies and fetal age determination by crown‐rump length were classified on the basis of their prenatal clinical findings into four risk categories for intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), defined as a neonatal weight below the 10th percentile of age‐dependent birth weight distribution curve. The incidence of IUGR in these four groups were 3.5% (very low risk), 20.6% (low risk), 49.6% (intermediate risk), and 88.0% (high risk). Severe growth retardation (birth weight<2.5th percentile) increased from 0% to 76.0% as the incidence of IUGR increased throughout the risk groups. The effect of these pretest risks on the prediction of severe IUGR by sonographic estimated fetal weight (EFW) was evaluated. The positive predictive value of the test, as well as the probability of having a growth‐retarded infant after a normal EFW was obtained were considerably higher when the pretest probability of IUGR increased. In the very low risk group, the probability of severe IUGR was negligible regardless of the EFW. When the EFW was<10th percentile of our age‐dependent EFW curve, the probability of severe IUGR in the other risk groups was high enough to warrant fetal well‐being surveillance and for timely interruption of gestation as appropriate. However, when the pretest probability was high, the risk of severe IUGR in spite of an EFW within the 10th percentile to 90th percentile remained sufficient to require fetal well‐being surveillance as well. The study shows that placing ultrasound results in the context of the pretest risk of IUGR may improve clinical decision making in pregnancies complicated by fetal growth

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870180302

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRepeated ultrasound examinations and blood samplings for determination of estradiol (E), progesterone (P), and luteinizing hormone (LH) were carried out in 15 normal and 11 clomiphene citrate (CC)/human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) stimulated cycles. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) was administered in the stimulated cycles on the day of the expected LH‐peak as determined in each woman's normal cycle. Ovulation and normalcy of the luteal phase were confirmed by the hormonal values. Ultrasound examinations showed development of a single follicle in the normal group and development of 4.1 follicles on average, of 15 mm or more in diameter in the stimulated group (total of 45 follicles). Midluteal phase images at the site of the former follicle showed echogenic structures or echo‐free structures with scattered echoes in 25 cases in the stimulated group and in 11 cases in the normal group. There was no sign of the former follicle in 1 and 3 cases, respectively, in the two groups. A significantly higher number of “persistent follicles” was seen in the stimulated group: 42% vs. 7%. It is discussed whether a compromized corpus luteum function occurs after stimulation despite a normal lutea

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870180303

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe entire length of the colon, starting at the recto‐sigmoid junction and ending at the cecum, can be sonographically visualized by retrograde water instillation into the colon. In order to evaluate the validity of colonic sonography as a diagnostic method, in vivo transabdominal ultrasound examination of the colon wall after water insufflation was compared with in vitro ultrasound examinzition of the same colon wall on four resected surgical specimens from patients with colonic Crohn's disease and four controls. The normal colon wall specimens were easy to recognize in that they had a thickness of 4 mm and five layers of different echo patterns, which could be demonstrated both in vivo and in vitro. On the other hand, in patients with Crohn's disease, a distinct wall thickening of up to 1.5 cm was found, and the typical five‐layer stratification could no longer be recognized. The sonographic changes demonstrated in vivo and in vitro were thus comparable both in wall thickness and wall structural alterations. This study shows that transabdominal colonic sonography of the fluid‐filled colon is a diagnostic method that permits a detailed and accurate assessment of the normal and the pathologically changed colonic

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870180304

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe measured the acceleration times in the pericallosal, internal carotid, and basilar arteries with two‐dimensional/pulsed Doppler ultrasonography in 145 nondistressed preterm and term infants between 24 and 48 hours after birth. In all three arteries we found a linear relationship between the acceleration time and menstrual age or birth weight. These findings were determined by changes in peak systolic flow velocity, but not by changes in mean arterial blood pressure or cardiac output. We speculate on an important role for cerebral autoregulation in the acceleration time variations between newborn infants of differing menstrual ages and birth weight

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870180305

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe records of 90 patients with histologically proven endometrial hyperplasia (EH) were reviewed retrospectively. Eleven of these patients had pelvic ultrasound examinations available. These were compared to the pelvic ultrasound examinations of 19 patients with a histologically normal endometrium, available in 126 consecutive patients seen over the same period of time. Patients with EH had a mean endometrial thickness of 18.8 mm (range 8 mm to 45 mm) vs 5.4 mm (range 2 mm to 10 mm) in the control group. This difference in thickness was statistically significant (p ≪ .01). The specificity and sensitivity of endometrial thickness in the diagnosis of EH were 100% and 81%, respectively, when 10 mm was taken as the upper limit of normal. Ultrasonographically demonstrable endometrial characteristics can differentiate EH from normal endometrium in a great majority of cases. The clinicopathological significance of EH is discusse

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870180306

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractComplications related to approximately 8000 ultrasound‐guided punctures performed in our institution during the last 19 years are reported. This study includes 3500 fine needle biopsies, 700 large bore needle biopsies, 2800 punctures of fluid collections using either a 1.2‐mm spinal needle or a 7.5 F pigtail catheter, and 1000 percutaneous nephrostomies. The majority were abdominal punctures. The complication rate was 0.187% (0.100% to 0.313%) and the mortality rate 0.038% (0.013% to 0.113%). Using the fine needle data exclusively, these rates were 0.200% (0.086% to 0.400%) and 0.028% (0.000% to 0.171%), respectively. The 95% confidence limits are in brack

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870180307

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870180308

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870180309

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870180310

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870180311

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY