ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870070402

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWith the technological advances in gray scale sonography that have permitted the use of higher‐frequency transducers and expansion of the acoustic dynamic range, increasing problems in differentiating solid masses and fluid‐filled masses have become apparent. These difficulties can be overcome by strict adherence to proper scanning techniques, which involve transducer selection, tissue attenuation compensation, and alterations in patient position. The availability of variable‐dynamic‐range signal processing and the use of real‐time scanning can further increase one's confidence in the correct interpretation of these masses. The primary criteria for determining that a mass is fluid‐filled have been expanded to include the presence of reverberation echoes, the “lateral shades” sign, and the presence of septations. In the past, hypoechoic masses with low‐level internal echoes were termed “complex.” Both fluid‐filled masses and solid masses may fall into this category. By use of the sonographic criteria, an attempt should be made to determine whether a mass is primarily fluid‐filled or solid. Specific anatomic locations and pathologic conditions in which differential diagnosis may be difficult are illustrated; these include abdominal masses, hepatic and renal

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870070403

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA phantom was constructed to simulate the in vivo situation of gallstone detection. Gallstone specimens from 37 patients were scanned. All gallstones cast acoustic shadows, regardless of the specific properties of the stones. Experimental evidence concerning factors that affect the detection of acoustic shadows from gallstones is discussed.

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870070404

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEchocardiographic measurements of left ventricular dimensions and performance correlate well with similar data from other sources. However, little attention has been paid to the beat‐to‐beat variations in these parameters in individual subjects. Considerable variability in measurements of left ventricular end diastolic diameter (EDD), R‐R interval, mean circumferential fiber shortening velocity (Vcf), and ejection fraction (EF) has been demonstrated in subjects in both sinus rhythm and atrial fibrillation. The coefficients of variation have varied from 2.5 to 9 percent, 2.1 to 11.2 percent, 4.4 to 11.0 percent, and 3.4 to 7.8 percent, respectively, in different individuals in sinus rhythm and from 2.0 to 7.9 percent, 2.1 to 20.7 percent, 4.9 to 30.0 percent, and 1.9 to 90.0 percent, respectively, in different patients in atrial fibrillation. Recent ultrasound studies of the interrelationships among preload, afterload, cycle length, and indices of left ventricular performance have yielded variable results. In this study the relationships between both EDD and R‐R interval and echocardiographic measurements of left ventricular function were analyzed in individual subjects in both sinus rhythm and atrial fibrillation. Changes in EDD and, to a lesser extent, cycle length were shown to be accompanied by predictable changes in indices of left ventricular function. EDD correlated better than did R‐R interval with Vcfand EF in 8 of 10 and 10 of 10 normal subjects, respectively, and in 9 of 11 and 7 of 11 patients in atrial fibrillation, respectively. The data suggest that preload has a more important effect than cycle length on left ventricular pe

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870070405

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractReal‐time scanning was applied to the sonically guided puncture technique. A special puncture attachment connected to the ultrasound sector scanner was developed for this purpose. A puncture needle is introduced into the scanning plane through the canal in the attachment. Excellent real‐time images of both the target lesion and the needle can be clearly seen on the oscilloscope during the puncture procedure. Puncture not only for cystic structures but also for solid masses can be made easily and safely by this new technique. Successful applications of the technique have been carried out for renal cyst puncture, percutaneous antegrade pyelography, percutaneous nephrostomy, percutaneous renal biopsy, and perineal prostatic bio

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870070406

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAlthough it is well known that biliary sludge can produce fine diffuse echoes within the gallbladder, it is less commonly appreciated that other cystic structures may contain echogenic fluid and therefore be mistaken sonographically for solid lesions. In this article three cases of splenic cysts and one case each of pyometrocolpos, hydroureter, and pyonephrosis presented with diffuse fine echoes in the fluid. Three of these cases were misinterpreted as a result of this echogenic appearance. These cases serve to emphasize the need for awareness of the echogenicity of some types of fluid and the value of other signs of cystic lesions besides absence of internal echoes.

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870070407

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBurkitt's lymphoma is a childhood disease that characteristically produces large, bulky abdominal tumors. Although these are potentially curable, chemotherapy can produce rapid tumor lysis, with subsequent life‐threatening metabolic abnormalities, especially in those patients with large tumors or those who have compromised renal function. Twenty‐two patients with proven Burkitt's lymphoma were evaluated by ultrasound. Thirteen patients had abdominal masses. These masses tended to be large, solitary, and acoustically homogeneous. Although most of these tumors were found in the pelvis, upper abdominal and retroperitoneal tumors were also encountered. None of the patients had the typical paravertebral mantle of enlarged nodes seen in other types of lymphoma. In 11 patients with abnormal intravenous pyelograms, ultrasound successfully distinguished between renal lymphoma, hydronephrosis, and, by exclusion, metabolic renal disease. The absence of lymph node disease and the presence of bulky homogeneous extranodal tumor are characteristic ultrasound findings in Burkitt's lymphoma. By locating and quantifying tumor mass and distinguishing between renal lymphoma and hydronephrosis, ultrasound proved to be clinically useful in the management of this dise

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870070408

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThree cases of abdominal abscesses involving gauze were studied by B‐mode ultrasound. Thick irregular boundary echoes and irregular internal echoes of high amplitude were most characteristic. The ultrasound tomograms are presented, and their characteristics are discusse

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870070409

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe 45‐year history of research in cancer therapy involving ultrasound may be divided into the four periods of initiation, enthusiasm, pessimism, and revival. There have been three approaches to the subject: studies have sought to measure the effects on tumors of (a) ultrasound alone, (b) ultrasound in combination with radiotherapy, and (c) ultrasound in combination with chemotherapy. With the first approach the results have varied. In some cases, decreased growth rates or regressions of tumors have been reported; in other cases, either no effect has been observed or growth has been increased. With the second approach, for some tumors, combined treatment has produced greater effects on tumors than has x‐ray alone, whereas in other tumors the addition of ultrasound has produced no change. With the third approach, enhancement of the effects of drugs has been observed in melanoma and mouse tumor cells treated with ultrasound and several anticancer drugs. The mechanism of action in most (but not all) cases has appeared to be absorption heating. The potential of ultrasound to provide local tumor control and to enhance other therapy modes has motivated the current efforts by several groups to further study and understand its actions on malignanc

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870070410

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870070411

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY