ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870200402

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA study was undertaken to evaluate the ability of the high‐frequency transvaginalscanning methodto consistently image first‐ and early second‐trimester fetal structures, such as body contours, long bones, fingers, face, palate, feet, toes, and the four‐chamber view.Ninety‐seven low‐risk pregnancies were scanned from 9 weeks to 14 menstrual weeks inclusive. Accurate dating was ascertained.The results showed that consistent detection of the respective structures was achieved at the following menstrual ages: sagittal contours at 9 weeks to 10 weeks, long bones at 10 weeks to 11 weeks, fingers at 12 weeks, face and palate at 12 weeks, feet and toes at 13 weeks, and the four‐chamber view at 14 weeks. The organs and structures examined could be detected at 9 weeks to 14 weeks inclusive. An increasing number of structure were detected consistently with the increasing menstrual age. The study supports the possibility of searching for specific malformations at or after the menstrual ages mentioned, or performing a more comprehensive malformation evaluation a

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870200403

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe have studied how variability in second‐trimester ultrasound measurements affects the process of fetal growth evaluation based on individual fetal growth curve standards specified by Rossavik growth models. The head and abdominal short axes of two second‐trimester scans of a patient with normal fetal growth were increased or decreased by increments ranging from 0.1 cm to values equal to the two standard deviations of the interobserver variability for these measurements—i.e., 0.3 cm for head short axis and 0.4 cm for abdominal short axis. The largest increments affected the Growth Potential Realization Index for weight at birth by 1% to 13% when applied to head short axis, and by 2% when applied to abdominal short axis. In contrast, the same increments had little effect (1%) on the Growth Potential Realization Indices for head and abdominal circumferences. Whereas 0.1‐cm increments had no effect on any of the individual growth models or predicted birth characteristics, some combinations of these small errors involving both head and abdominal short axes changed the Growth Potential Realization Index for weight by as much as 15%, and those for head and abdominal circumferences by 3% and 8%, respectively. Under some scenarios, fetal growth status could be falsely classified as normal or abnormal. These results show that the reliability of individualized growth assessment depends to a great extent on excellent ultrasound technique, at least for certain par

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870200404

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFor more accurate determination of the penile erectile volume in the flaccid and erectile states, and the difference between them, 20 impotent patients from 36 years old to 70 years old were enrolled in the study. Penile Doppler ultrasonography was performed to check the diameter of each corpus cavernosum, and diameter and peak flow velocity of each cavernous artery before and after intracavernous injection with 10 μg to 20 μg prostaglandin E1 (PGE1). The penile length was measured from base to midglans manually before and after PGE1 injection. The erectile volume in flaccid and erectile states was calculated as π2× length. The summation of erectile volume of left and right corpus cavernosum was taken as the total erectile volume. The patients were classified into good (10 patients) and poor (10 patients) response groups based mainly on the mean peak flow velocity of both cavernous arteries greater or less than 25 cm/s. There was a significant increase of erectile parameters (penile length, diameter of corpus cavernosum, and total erectile volume) after PGE1 injection in each group of patients. For the total of 20 patients, the mean increase of penile length was 4.27 cm (80.0%), the diameter of corpus cavernosum was 0.66 cm (77.9%), and total erectile volume was 27.87 mL (459.0%). A comparison of the increase of penile erectile parameters after PGE1 injection between the good and poor response groups of patients revealed a significantly greater increase of the diameter of corpus cavernosum in the good response patie

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870200405

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe transvaginal approach has significantly improved the accuracy of ultrasonography for the detection of ectopic pregnancy. However, there has been limited emphasis given to determining the sensitivity of ultrasonography when a hematosalpinx was used as a specific finding to identify an ectopic pregnancy. The sensitivity of transvaginal ultrasonography was evaluated for the detection of a hematosalpinx defined as an “echogenic homogeneous or inhomogeneous, rounded or elongated structure” in a group of patients with surgically proven ectopic pregnancy. Retrospectively, transvaginal ultrasonography showed a hematosalpinx in 16 out of 18 (88.8%) tubal pregnancies. In 6/6 (100%) patients with a ruptured tube and 10/12 (83.3%) patients with an unruptured tube, a hematosalpinx was detected sonographically. A gestational sac with a live embryo was seen in 26.3% of these patients. The significance of identifying a hematosalpinx, predictability of rupture and implication in the treatment of ectopic pregnancy are discus

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870200406

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe mitral inflow method of measuring cardiac output with pulsed Doppler two‐dimensional echocardiography was developed and validated against the thermodilution technique in 42 patients. A mitral inflow method combined the velocity of left ventricular inflow at the mitral annulus (apical long‐axis view) with the cross‐sectional area of the annulus calculated from its diameter (parasternal long‐axis view). A good correlation was observed between thermodilution and Doppler measurements of cardiac output (r = 0.93). The ratio of Doppler measurements to thermodilution measurements will be between 0.76 and 1.15 for about 95% of cases. There was a good correlation between percentage change in thermal cardiac output and those in Doppler cardiac output (r = 0.95); the limits of agreement were −11.5% to 10.5%, suggesting that this method can be most useful for assessing relative changes in cardi

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870200407

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870200408

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870200409

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870200410

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870200411

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY