摘要:

AbstractThe celiac axis could be visualized with ultrasound in 140 out of 166 cases (84%). Failure to identify the celiac axis was associated with extensive metastases to the celiac lymph nodes in 73% (19/26) of these cases. The location of lymph nodes in this region could be determined using the celiac axis and its branches as land marks. Celiac lymph nodes can be roughly classified into three types: Type 1—unclear margins and relatively uniform diffuse internal echoes, Type 2—clear margins and weak internal echoes, and Type 3—clear margins and scattered, large internal echoes, frequently seen with notchings. Metastases in celiac lymph nodes were found in 53 of 166 cases, based on histological examination of surgically removed nodes. A preoperative ultrasonic examination indicated lymph node metastases in 39 out of the 53 cases (sensitivity of 74%) and no lymph node metastases in 108 of the remaining 113 cases (specificity of 96%). Most lymph nodes with metastases were of Types 2 or 3. The longer the diameter of the lymph node or the larger the ratio of metastatic area to node cross‐sectional area, the higher the detection rate tended to be. These results indicate that ultrasound can be very useful in screening patients for celiac lymph node met

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870130302

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDoppler blood velocity waveforms were analyzed from the umbilical artery as an indication of fetal well‐being. Since the ratio of systolic to diastolic peak flows (A/B) reflects placental vascular resistance, an abnormality of this value may accurately predict compromised fetuses. Twenty‐one studies were performed on 13 patients, using a new duplex system for real‐time imaging and range‐gated' pulsed Doppler analysis, and compared to normal standards. Thirteen studies done in nine uneventful pregnancies were consistently normal. However, abnormal studies were found in the four patients reported as case histories, including women with sickle cell anemia, systemic lupus, diabetes, and growth retardation. The A/B ratio was felt to have predicted potential fetal compromise, including the two fetal deaths. Therefore, with certain cautions, we feel that this rapid, non‐invasive technique is useful as a serially applicable reflector of the status of fetoplacental ci

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870130303

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA compilation of reports of biological effects and related ultrasound exposure levels can be useful in the identification of trends in effects data that may be developing in the literature. The exposures in the experiments reviewed were at frequencies used in medicine. For short (10 minutes or less) continuous wave exposure, with the exception of behavioral effects where variable results have been observed, this tabulation did not identify any in vivo or in vitro effects at spatial peak, temporal average (SPTA) intensities less than 100 mW/cm2. However, a number of effects using pulsed sources with SPTA intensities under this level have been reported. There are several frequently recurring topics in recent reports which include developmental effects and microstructure changes at the cellular level. In addition to animal investigations, there are some limited human epidemiological studies reporting an association between medical ultrasound exposure in utero and developmental effects. Although sufficient research has not been completed to draw conclusions, the findings deserve further investigation. A systematic pattern of directed research on a large scale is not apparent. The available data consist of many scattered studies conducted by individual investigators and groups throughout the world.

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870130304

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870130305

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870130306

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870130307

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870130308

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870130309

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870130310

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0091-2751    

DOI:10.1002/jcu.1870130311

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY