ISSN:0149-0451    

DOI:10.1080/01490458609385942

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Manganese‐oxidizing microorganisms have been implicated in the deposition of manganese in dark manganiferric rock varnish coatings on desert rocks. For this study, a collection of bacteria able to oxidize manganese has been obtained from rock varnish samples from the Sonoran and Mojave Deserts. Two groups of organisms predominated among the isolates. One group was identified asArthrobacterspp. based on their rod‐coccus transformations, cell shapes, postfission division stages, and physiological characteristics. Another major group consisted of gram‐positive cocci tentatively ascribed to the genusMicrococcus. In addition, single isolates ofBacillussp.,Planococcussp.,Streptococcussp., andHyphomonassp. were identified as manganese‐oxidizing bacteria. Some isolates grew too poorly to be easily characterized and identified.

ISSN:0149-0451    

DOI:10.1080/01490458609385943

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Laboratory studies of manganese reduction by naturally occurring reduced inorganic compounds were undertaken, both to study further possiblein situmechanisms of manganese reduction and to examine how manganese redox reactions might be coupled to other biogeochemical processes. Chemical manganese reduction by sulfide (in the presence of excess manganese oxide) was found to be rapid and complete, with all sulfide being oxidized within 5–10 min. The reduction of δMnO2by sulfide involves a two‐electron transfer, with S° the predominant oxidized sulfur product. Using a marine sulfate‐reducing bacterium (Desulfovibriosp.), the kinetics of sulfide‐dependent, bacterially mediated manganese reduction were studied; the rate‐limiting step was bacterial sulfide production. These findings suggest that in stratified marine environments (such as the Black Sea, Saanich Inlet, or certain coastal sediments) manganese reduction should occur just below the oxic‐anoxic (O2/H2S) interface or redox boundary as a result of the chemical reaction between manganese oxides and sulfide produced by sulfate‐reducing bacteria.

ISSN:0149-0451    

DOI:10.1080/01490458609385944

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Forty‐seven manganese‐oxidizing bacterial strains, isolated from manganese nodules, sediment, and sea‐water samples collected from the Pacific Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, were studied to elucidate the role, if any, of plasmids in bacterial manganese oxidation in the marine environment.

ISSN:0149-0451    

DOI:10.1080/01490458609385945

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Inorganic residues produced on the disks of rotating biological contactor (RBC) wastewater treatment units during microbiological oxidation of the ferrous iron in both natural and synthetic acidic mine drainages were analyzed using x‐ray energy‐dispersive microanalysis, x‐ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The predominant mineral forms were x‐ray amorphous ferric hydroxysulfates. In addition, jarosites were detected in RBC units which treated natural mine drainages, and magnetite was detected in solids generated during treatment of a synthetic acidic mine drainage. Bacteria were observed on the surface of the inorganic residues and in gelatinous films seen microscopically following chemical dissolution of the iron crust.

ISSN:0149-0451    

DOI:10.1080/01490458609385946

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

An enumeration of different physiological microbial types detected in the groundwaters of four geothermic sites dating from the Dogger and Trias periods that make up the Paris Basin reveals a predominance of anaerobes over aerobes and thermophiles over mesophiles. The main biological activity is performed via chemolithotrophic metabolism. The anaerobic chemolithotrophic thermophiles are well adapted to an aquifer environment and are capable of a metabolic activity in the aquifer. More important, such microflora can cause biocorro‐sion.

ISSN:0149-0451    

DOI:10.1080/01490458609385947

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0149-0451    

DOI:10.1080/01490458609385948

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0149-0451    

DOI:10.1080/01490458609385949

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

H. D. Holland,The Chemical Evolution of the Atmosphere and Oceans. Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J., 1984. 94 tables and 230 figures, xii + 582 pp., $75.00; paper $24.00.

ISSN:0149-0451    

DOI:10.1080/01490458609385950

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0149-0451    

DOI:10.1080/01490458609385951

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor