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11. |
A Double-Blind Randomized Cross-Over Comparison of High-Dose Prochlorperazine with High-Dose Metoclopramide for Cisplatin-Induced Emesis |
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Oncology,
Volume 48,
Issue 3,
1991,
Page 226-229
Shad S. Akhtar,
Zareefa A. Bano,
Gul M. Bhat,
Mushtaq A. Bhat,
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摘要:
This double-blind randomized cross-over study was conducted to compare the safety and efficacy of high-dose prochlorperazine infusion and dexamethasone (HDPD) with an effective and safe combination of high-dose metoclopramide and dexamethasone (HDMD) in controlling cisplatin-induced emesis. None of the patients entering the study had received any prior chemotherapy. High-dose cisplatin was administered on an inpatient basis. Twenty eligible patients were analyzed based on the assessment made 24 h after the chemotherapy. The parameters compared were severity and duration of nausea and vomiting, severity of retching and side effects. Significantly less vomiting and retching episodes were recorded with HDPD combination. The severity of nausea was also less with this combination. There was no significant difference in the incidence of side effects.
ISSN:0030-2414
DOI:10.1159/000226932
出版商:S. Karger AG
年代:1991
数据来源: Karger
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12. |
Epirubicin and DTIC (EDIC) for Advanced Soft-Tissue Sarcomas |
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Oncology,
Volume 48,
Issue 3,
1991,
Page 230-233
Massimo Lopez,
Silvia Carpano,
Luigi Di Lauro,
Patriziu Vici,
Ettore M S. Conti,
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摘要:
Fifty-six patients with measurable advanced soft-tissue sarcomas were treated with epirubicin, 90 mg/m2 intravenously on day 1, and DTIC, 250 mg/m2 intravenously on days 1–5, with the entire regimen repeated every 3 weeks. The overall response rate in 52 evaluable patients was 48% with 9 complete remissions. Noncardiac toxicity was limited predominantly to vomiting, alopecia and myelosuppression. Laboratory evidence of cardiotoxicity [≥20% decrease in left-ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) from the baseline value] was observed in 4 out of 39 patients who had at least two determinations of LVEF, at a median dose of 1,305 mg/m2. Two patients had clinical congestive heart failure at cumulative dose of 1,440 and 1,620 mg/m2. These findings suggest that the combination of epirubicin and DTIC is an active regimen in soft-tissue sarcomas, and provide further evidence that epirubicin is a doxorubicin analogue with reduced cardiac toxicity, but preserved efficacy in this dise
ISSN:0030-2414
DOI:10.1159/000226933
出版商:S. Karger AG
年代:1991
数据来源: Karger
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13. |
The Relationship of the Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen Protein tocis-Diamminedichloroplatinum(II) Resistance of a Murine Leukemia Cell Line P388/CDDP |
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Oncology,
Volume 48,
Issue 3,
1991,
Page 234-238
Hitoshi Haneda,
Motoo Katabami,
Hiroshi Miyamoto,
Hiroshi Isobe,
Tooru Shimizu,
Akihiko Ishiguro,
Tetuya Moriuti,
Yoshinari Takasaki,
Yoshikazu Kawakami,
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摘要:
We investigated whether the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) protein takes part in cw-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (CDDP) resistance, using a murine leukemia cell line P388 and its CDDP resistant cell line. P388/CDDP was 4 times more resistant to CDDP than P388. The cell lines were maintained in the DBA/2 female mouse peritoneal space. In total cells, the amount of the PCNA protein decreased to 90% in P388 after 1 h CDDP treatment, but that of P388/CDDP increased to 127%. The difference was statistically significant (p = 0.012, n = 5). As for G2/M phase cells, the difference was also significant at 1 h (p = 0.016, n = 5) and at 2 h (p = 0.036, n = 5) after treatment. In P388 the amount of the PCNA protein decreased in accordance with the inhibited cell proliferation, whereas in P388/CDDP, the amount of the PCNA protein increased in spite of the inhibited cell proliferation. This increase of the PCNA protein suggests that the PCNA protein is involved in CDDP resistance of P388/CDDP through enhanced DNA repair synthesis.
ISSN:0030-2414
DOI:10.1159/000226934
出版商:S. Karger AG
年代:1991
数据来源: Karger
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14. |
Effect of Canthaxanthin on Chemically Induced Mammary Carcinogenesis |
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Oncology,
Volume 48,
Issue 3,
1991,
Page 239-245
Clinton J. Grubbs,
Isao Eto,
Margaret Juliana,
Laura M. Whitaker,
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PDF (2860KB)
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摘要:
Canthaxanthin, a carotenoid with no vitamin A activity, was evaluated for its efficacy in the prevention of chemically induced mammary cancers. Canthaxanthin was administered in the diet at two dose levels (3,390 or 1,130 mg/kg diet). In the dimethylbenzanthracene-induced mammary cancer model, diet supplementation with canthaxanthin for 3 weeks prior to the carcinogen resulted in a 65% reduction in the number of mammary cancers. The feeding of canthaxanthin after the administration of methylnitrosourea had no significant effect on mammary carcinogenesis. These data demonstrate that canthaxanthin, at least in these models of mammary cancer, is active in preventing cancer initiation and not promotion. Analysis of tissues by high-pressure liquid chromatography revealed that canthaxanthin levels in the liver are very high when compared to those in the mammary gland. The observation that canthaxanthin is highly effective in preventing cancer initiation without toxicity suggests that carotenoids not possessing vitamin A activity should be further evaluated as chemopreventive agents.
ISSN:0030-2414
DOI:10.1159/000226935
出版商:S. Karger AG
年代:1991
数据来源: Karger
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15. |
Low Uracil Concentration in the Liver might be Responsible for the Decreased Antineoplastic Activity of Fluoropyrimidines in Mice with CCl4-Induced Chronic Liver Dysfunction |
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Oncology,
Volume 48,
Issue 3,
1991,
Page 246-252
Michihiko Tsubono,
Yoshinori Nio,
Shiro Imai,
Takahiro Shiraishi,
Hideki Morimoto,
Chen-Chiu Tseng,
Kazuya Kawabata,
Manabu Fukumoto,
Takayoshi Tobe,
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摘要:
Some fluoropyrimidines are considered to be metabolized in liver microsomes. The present study was designed to assess the effect of chronic liver dysfunction on the antineoplastic activity of fluoropyrimidines. Chronic liver dysfunction was induced in BALB/c mice by 8 weeks of CCl4 injections. The 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-sensitive MOPC-104E and 5-FU-resistant Meth-A cells were inoculated subcutaneously into the mice and then various fluoropyrimidines were administered intragastrically. The antitumor activity of the fluoropyrimidines decreased in mice with chronic liver dysfunction, although the concentration of 5-FU in the tumor of normal mice did not differ from that of mice with liver dysfunction. However, the concentration of uracil in the liver was decreased in mice with chronic liver dysfunction. On the other hand, the percent conversion of Tegafur [1-(2-tetrahydrofuryl)-5-FU] to 5-FU in the normal liver did not differ from that in the dysfunctional liver. These results suggest that low uracil concentrations in the liver may result from chronic liver dysfunction and lead to decreased antitumor efficacy of fluoropyrimidines.
ISSN:0030-2414
DOI:10.1159/000226936
出版商:S. Karger AG
年代:1991
数据来源: Karger
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16. |
Sister Chromatid Exchanges in Lymphocyte Cultures of Patients Previously Treated with Dibromodulcitol |
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Oncology,
Volume 48,
Issue 3,
1991,
Page 253-257
Stephen M. Ansell,
Constance E. Jansen van Rensburg,
Bernardo L. Rapoport,
Petro Gresse,
Elma V. Cloete,
Anna M. van Staden,
Kenneth Stevens,
Carla I. Falkson,
Geoffrey Falkson,
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摘要:
Acute non-lymphatic leukaemia and myelodysplasia occur in a larger percentage of patients treated with dibromodulcitol (DBD) than in patients treated with other cytostatics. Sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) in the lymphocytes in peripheral blood as well as other haematological parameters were measured in women with breast cancer to investigate whether women who had previously been treated with DBD as a part of their treatment regime had an increased frequency of SCE or another haematological abnormality attributable to DBD. SCE levels were elevated in women treated with DBD as well as in those treated with other cytostatics compared to the untreated control group. All other haematological parameters were normal. There was no significant difference in the number of SCEs between the patients who received DBD and those treated with other cytostatics. The increased frequencies of SCE in the treated patients are attributable to various cytostatic agents, and there is no significant permanent increase in the frequency of SCE after exposure to DBD.
ISSN:0030-2414
DOI:10.1159/000226937
出版商:S. Karger AG
年代:1991
数据来源: Karger
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17. |
Modulation of Cervical Carcinogenesis by Tamoxifen in a Mouse Model System |
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Oncology,
Volume 48,
Issue 3,
1991,
Page 258-261
Archana Sengupta,
Santi Dutta,
Ranjit Mallick,
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摘要:
Insertion of cotton thread impregnated with beeswax and 20-methylcholanthrene (carcinogen) inside the canal of the uterine cervix in intact and oophorectomized mice results in the expression of dysplasia and carcinoma of the cervical epithelium. Based upon the experimental cervical carcinogenesis observed in this mouse model system, the present study shows distinctly the modulatory effect of tamoxifen on the incidence of cervical carcinoma. Besides this, tamoxifen significantly lenghthens the latent period for both dysplasia and carcinoma in the cervical epithelium. This manifestation was found more marked in oophorectomized animals.
ISSN:0030-2414
DOI:10.1159/000226938
出版商:S. Karger AG
年代:1991
数据来源: Karger
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18. |
Book Reviews |
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Oncology,
Volume 48,
Issue 3,
1991,
Page 262-264
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PDF (1442KB)
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ISSN:0030-2414
DOI:10.1159/000226939
出版商:S. Karger AG
年代:1991
数据来源: Karger
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