摘要:

The cases of 61 children, consecutively diagnosed during 1986–1990 as having malignant solid tumors (but excluding those with brain tumors and lympho-proliferative diseases), were reviewed. Neurologic complications occurred in 19 (31 %), most often in association with neuroblastomas and sarcomas. Complications observed in order of frequency were: brain metastases in 6 children, spinal cord compression in 5, peripheral or cranial neuropathies in 4, and seizures in the remaining 4. Early recognition of neurologic compromise and rapid initiation of treatment are mandatory in order to prevent permanent disability.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227436

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1995

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Trends in mortality from Hodgkin’s disease (HD) and non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (NHL) in the whole of Europe and in two broad European geographic areas (Western and Eastern Europe) were reviewed over the period of 1960-1990, on the basis of official death certifications derived from the World Health Organization database. Between the early 1960s and 1990, HD mortality in the whole of Europe declined from 2.1 to 0.9/100,000 males (-58%), and from 1.1 to 0.5/100,000 (-56%) females. The decline was larger in Western Europe (around 65%), but appreciably smaller in Eastern Europe (around 30%). In contrast, mortality from NHL increased in males from 2.2 to 4.2/ 100,000 (+93%), and in females from 1.2 to 2.6/100,000 (+112%). These upward trends were larger in Western (over 100%) than in Eastern Europe (around 80%). The declines in HD were larger and the increases in NHL were smaller in populations below age 65. When all lymphomas were considered together, an increase was observed in both sexes (from 4.3 to 5.1/100,000 males; from 2.4 to 3.1/100,000 females) that was comparable in various areas of the continent. These data confirm a major impact of newer integrated diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in reducing HD mortality, while indicating that this impact has been delayed and limited in Eastern Europe. The upward trends in mortality from NHL probably reflect both real increases in incidence and better case ascertainment and certification, but are inconsistent with a noticeable impact of newer therapies on mortality from NHL. It is also conceivable that the introduction of immunophenotypic and immunogenotypic characterization of lymphomas has selectively eliminated from HD a worse-prognosis subset previously classified on the basis of Sternbergoid cells, which has been subsequently classified as NHL. This would have increased survival and decreased mortality from HD, while increasing incidence and mortality from NHL to an extent which is unknown but worth consider

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227437

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1995

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Eighty-three kidneys from autopsy cases, all more than 60 years of age, were used in the present studies. Three millimeter-thick step slices from all kidneys were embedded in paraffin, and serial sections from all blocks used for the immunohistochemical demonstration of Leu M1 (leukocyte membrane antigen) and LTA (Lotus tetragonolobus agglutinin) in cells of proximal convoluted tubular origin, and PNA (peanut agglutinin) and EMA (epithelial membrane antigen) in cells of distal convoluted tubular origin. The ABC staining method was used in all cases. A total of 65 renal cell adenomas found in 31 of the 83 kidneys consisted of 40 papillary, 20 tubular and 5 solid type lesions. The sizes of these renal cell adenomas were from 0.6 to 5 mm in diameter and compression of neighboring tissues was characteristic. Papillary renal cell adenomas were positive in their cytoplasms for Leu M1 and LTA in 7 cases and at their cell membranes for PNA and EMA in 33 cases. The respective figures for tubular renal cell adenomas were 6 cases for Leu M1 and LTA and 14 cases for PNA and EMA. All solid renal cell adenomas were positive in their cytoplasms for PNA and EMA. The immunohistochemical results thus indicated 13 of 65 lesions to have a proximal convoluted tubular cell origin and 52 to be possibly derived from distal convoluted tubules or collecting ducts. A role for metaplasia, however, could not be ruled out.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227438

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1995

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Fibronectin (FN) in 99 female patients with invasive breast carcinomas (IBCs) was studied by immunohistochemistry using a monoclonal antibody to human plasma FN. Sixty-five (65.7%) of 99 IBCs were FN-positive and 34 (34.3%) were FN-negative. The FN staining pattern was not correlated with patient characteristics, such as age, tumor size, nodal involvement and estrogen receptor status. Relapse-free survival (RFS) of patients with FN-positive tumors was significantly better than that of patients with FN-negative tumors. A multivariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model showed that the FN staining pattern was independently correlated with RFS as well as nodal status. The results show that FN staining pattern may be an independent prognostic factor in IBCs. It is suggested that patients with FN-negative tumors should be carefully followed up, even if axillary nodal invasion is absent.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227439

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1995

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The intracellular glutathione (GSH) content was measured in 73 patients with leukemia and compared with controls. GSH content was between 1.16 and 5.55 μmol/g protein (mean 2.96 ± 0.86) in the study group and between 0.5 and 1.48 μmol/g protein (mean 1.31 ± 0.27) in the control group, statistically significant difference (p = 0.0000). There was no significant difference between acute and chronic leukemias, lymphoid and myeloid leukemias and, more importantly, newly diagnosed and relapsed patients. GSH content did not change significantly with clinical and hematologic parameters such as age, sex, and initial hematologic findings. In addition, variable changes were detected over 24 h in 9 patients. It can be concluded that GSH content in leukemic cells was higher than in controls and showed a wide range. The absence of a relationship between GSH content and clinical and laboratory parameters suggested that GSH is not the sole determinant of response to cytotoxic drugs. GSH variation over a 24-hour period may be important in the timing and success of chemotherapy for leukem

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227440

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1995

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Thirteen samples of gastric tumors that had developed in the remnant stomach (remnant gastric cancer) were compared with 63 samples of primary gastric tumors located in the upper third of the stomach (primary gastric cancer) by both clinicopathologic and flow cytometric analysis. The depths of invasion of all these tumors corresponded to the mucosa, submucosa, or muscularis propria layers and the histological stages were stages I, II, or III. There was no significant difference between the two groups of samples either histopathologi-cally or clinically (the 5-year survival rates were 74.6% for patients with remnant gastric cancer and 90.4% for patients with primary gastric cancer). DNA aneuploidy was encountered in 23.1% of the cases of remnant gastric cancer and in 33.3% of the cases of primary gastric cancer. Little difference was found in the S-phase fractions between tumors and normal gastric mucosa of the upper third of the stomach and the remnant stomach. Thus, while the environments in the upper third of the stomach and in the remnant stomach are very different, histopathological and biological characteristics of adenocarcinomas that developed in the remnant stomach are very similar to those of adenocarcinomas in the upper third of the stomach.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227441

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1995

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Mutant p53 expressed in many types of carcinoma lacks an inhibitory function on cell growth, but its role has been unclear. We performed two-parameter flow cytometry (FCM) to elucidate the relationship between the expression of p53 and the cell cycle in A431 cells. Fluorescence in situ hybridization proved that an A431 cell had two p53 genes whereas chromosome 17 was tetraploid. FCM showed that A431 cells expressed constantly high levels of p53 during the cell cycle. Under conditions of both serum deprivation and presence of hydroxyurea, p53 expression was decreased throughout the cell cycle, and the bivariate DNA/p53 distribution pattern during the cell cycle did not change. The expression of p53 was reduced to 60% for the first 4 h after the addition of cycloheximide, and showed no significant changes at least for 20 h. Treatment with Triton X-100 increased p53 immunoreactivity throughout the cell cycle. These results indicate that mutant p53 differs from proliferative markers such as PCNA, Ki-67 and DNA polymerase-a, and that there are no links between the expression of p53 and the cell cycle in A431 cells.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227442

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1995

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We determined the serum levels of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) in 441 women with gynecologic diseases to evaluate its role as a marker for gynecologic malignancy. Serum M-CSF levels were above the normal baseline level of 1,056 U/ml in 64% (56/88) of patients with ovarian cancer, 27% (16/60) of those with cervical cancer, and 25% (15/61) of those with endometrial cancer. M-CSF was significantly elevated in the serum of patients with advanced as compared with early stage cancer (stage I) of the ovary (p < 0.01), cervix (p < 0.05), and endometrium (p < 0.05). Only 5.6% of the patients with benign ovarian tumors and 7.0% of those with endometrial cysts had serum levels of M-CSF that exceeded 1,056 U/ml. M-CSF was localized in the glandular epithelial cells as well as in the stromal macrophages and the endothelial cells of the ovarian cancers. M-CSF thus appeared to be a marker with high specificity for ovarian cancer.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227443

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1995

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

To examine the malignant potential of submucosal invasive colorectal carcinoma, the relationship between proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression and clinicopathologic risk factors for lymph node metastasis was studied in 149 patients with submucosal invasive colorectal carcinoma. The depth of submucosal invasion was classified as scanty or massive. Histologic subclassification at the submucosal deepest invasive portion was done as follows: well differentiated (W), moderately well differentiated (Mw), moderately poorly differentiated (Mp) or poorly differentiated (Por). Tumor growth was divided into polypoid growth and nonpolypoid growth. The PCNA expression (labeling index, LI) was examined at the submucosal deepest invasive portion. The PCNA-LI of tumors showing lymph node metastasis (mean, 56.5 ± 19.0%) was significantly higher than that of tumors without lymph node metastasis (mean, 41.5 ± 19.3%; p < 0.01). The PCNA-LI of Mp tumors (mean, 57.7 ± 16.5%) was significantly higher than that of W (mean, 38.5 ± 19.0%; p < 0.05) and Mw (mean, 43.7 ± 19.1%; p < 0.05) tumors. The PCNA-LI of tumors without adenomatous features (mean, 47.9 ± 20.5 %) was significantly higher than that of tumors with such features (mean, 37.1 ± 17.1 %; p < 0.05). The PCNA-LI was not correlated with other risk factors for lymph node metastasis, such as lymphatic invasion, depth of submucosal invasion, macroscopic type, and growth pattern. These results indicate that the PCNA-LI may be useful marker for predicting the potential metastases to lymph nodes in submucosal invasive colorectal carcinoma, while the proliferative activity of cancer cells correlates with the degree of the differentiation in the area of deepest in

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227444

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1995

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In patients with breast cancer no tumor markers giving satisfactory results have been found yet. The aim of our investigation was to compare the usefulness of newly developed tumor markers with the most common used carci-noembryonic antigen and cancer antigen (CA) 15-3. We evaluated the concentrations of carcinoma-associated antigen (CA) 549, carcinoma-associated mucin antigen (CA M) 26 and CA M 29, and the proliferation markers tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) and tissue polypeptide-specific antigen (TPS) in 84 breast cancer patients with disease progression and in 69 patients with no evidence of disease after surgery for breast cancer. Using receiver-operating characteristic curves (ROC curves) we were able to demonstrate increased sensitivity and specificity of all tested tumor markers in patients with metastatic disease compared with local disease. In our investigation TPA is superior to TPS in all disease states. In local disease, none of the tested markers shows satisfying results. In metastatic disease, the new mucin markers CA M 26 and CA M 29 show slightly better results than CA 15-3 although their ROC curves are nearly congruent. CA 549 is exceeded by the other mucin markers. The best results in this investigation were obtained with CA M 29. The overall results concerning the detection of small tumor masses (i.e. local disease) were unsatisfactory.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227445

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1995

数据来源: Karger