摘要:

The therapeutic efficacy of the combination of cyclophosphamide + epirubicin + cisplatin was evaluated in 107 previously treated or untreated patients with advanced ovarian cancer. The overall response rate was 58.8%, complete remission 36.4% (mean duration 7.62 months) and partial remission 22.4% (mean duration – 6.74 months). The response was rated in function of age, menopausal status, performance status and previous therapy. Toxicity (in case of 109 patients) was evaluated according to the WHO recommendation. The similar therapeutic effectiveness and less toxicity of the above drug combination compared to CAP regimen is demonstrate

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000226447

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

To better define the dose-response relationship of moderate-dose (MD) metoclopramide (MCP), 42 patients receiving their first course of cisplatin (50 mg/m2) were randomly allocated to receive a short-course regimen of MCP, either at 1 mg/kg × 1 dose, 30 min before cisplatin (regimen A) or 1 mg/kg × 2 doses, 30 min before and 1 h after cisplatin (regimen B). The antiemetic response was assessed only by objective means (duration and volume of emesis over a 6-hour period). The results obtained in the two groups show a significantly better antiemetic effect (p = 0.03) employing the higher dose of this short-course regimen, with as much as 76% of the patients experiencing no vomiting or only a low degree of emesis. Furthermore, the lower-dose MCP regimen seems to be inadequate for preventing emesis, especially in the subgroups at higher emetic risk (patients with prior chemotherapy exposure and those concurrently receiving adriamycin. No significant side effects were present with either treatment. Further studies are required to define the best short-course regimen of MCP for patients receiving MD cisplati

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000226448

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The initial aim of the present study was to verify in a randomized trial whether the addition of Levamisole, an immunomodulator, could increase the effectiveness of postoperative chemotherapy (MeCCNU + 5-FU) in Dukes C colorectal cancer patients. After entering 29 consecutive patients, the poor results of most studies of adjuvant therapy in colorectal cancer prompted an early end to patient accrual. After 8 years, the lack of significance in survival (48.9 versus 37.3%) and disease-free survival (50 versus 38.8%) between the two treatment arms rules out any improvement associated with Levamisole administration.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000226449

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Forty-eight patients with metastatic breast cancer previously treated with cytostatics (except anthracyclines) underwent peroral treatment with 4-demethoxydaunorubicin (4-DMDR), a new daunorubicin analogue. Forty-three patients received >2 cycles and have been evaluated. The mean age was 54 years, with 10 premenopausal and 33 postmenopausal patients. All the patients showed progresssive disease. Performance status 0–2 (ECOG score) was recorded in 34, and 3 in 7 patients. Soft tissue metastases were recorded in 23, visceral in 10 and bone in 10 patients. 4-DMDR was administered in the dose of 15 mg/m2 perorally daily, on day 1, 2 and 3 (45 mg/m2 per cycle). Since there was no severe toxicity, after 2 cycles the dosage was increased to 60 mg/m2 per cycle. The patients received 2–6 cycles (median 3) and the total cumulative dose ranged from 90 to 300 mg/m2 (median 140 mg/m2). Objective response was observed in 10 patients (1 complete remission, 9 partial remissions) with a response rate of 23% (10/43). Soft tissue metastases were most responsive (8/23–35%). Two responses were observed in visceral organs. Response lasted 2–6+ months (median 4 months). Toxic side effects have been mild with myelotoxicity (grade I–II) observed in 23% of patients. Alopecia (grade 1–15 patients, grade II and III = 4 patients) was moderate. Nausea and vomiting (grade I–II) was present in 60% of patients. In all the patients MUGA scans (left ventricular ejection fraction) were in normal range, however, reversible ECG changes have been recorded in 4 patients (grade 1 = 3, grade II = 1). All the changes appeared on the 3rd day of the cycle but became normal before starting a new cycle. In conclusion, it should be emphasized that 4-DMDR administered perorally (45 mg/m2 per cycle) in previously treated (except anthracycline) metastatic breast cancer patients showed antitumor efficacy with a low incidence of toxic side effects. Further clinical studies, possibly with the dose escalation in the schedule we have used, will be needed in previously untreated breast cancer patients to determine exact antitumor activity of this new daunorub

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000226450

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A total of 116 asymptomatic patients with malignant skin melanoma entered a multiple staging work-up including chest X-ray, multiple nuclear scans and abdominal ultrasonography. All 116 chest X-rays and 68 brain scans performed gave negative findings. Liver scans resulted in 1/66 false-positive findings. Out of 73 bone scans, 5 gave false-positive results. Only 2 out of 66 abdominal ultrasonographies showed abnormal findings and were found to be true-positive on surgical exploration. Due to the low yield in detecting silent metastases, such a multiple staging work-up would not be regarded as a routine staging program.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000226451

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The antiemetic efficacy of metoclopramide (MCP) was evaluated in 33 consecutive patients treated with high-dose cytosine arabinoside (HiDAC), ≥3 g/m2, a highly emetogenic agent increasingly used in patients with hematologic malignancies for which no previous formal antiemetic trials have been reported. Administration of MCP in conjunction with prophylactic diphenhydramine resulted in major antiemetic responses (0–2 episodes of emesis in the 24 h after therapy) in 23 of 33 (70%) patients. The addition of lorazepam (LZP) to MCP resulted in major antiemetic response in 7 of 8 (88%) patients who failed to respond to MCP alone. Major side effects were extrapyramidal reactions (5%) and moderate diarrhea (18%). MCP alone or in conjunction with LZP is effective antiemetic therapy in patients treated with Hi

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000226452

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We analyzed the clinical-diagnostic features of 67 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) collected from June 1981 to December 1985. The male-to-female ratio was 3.4:1, the average age was 66.7 years; alcohol abuse was present in 38 cases (56.7%); HbsAg positivity was present in 10 of 62 patients (16.1%); the α-fetoprotein (AFP) level was greater than 500 ng in 17 of 61 patients (28%) and normal in 24 of 61 (39.3%). Concomitant cirrhosis was found in 51 patients (76.1%). The median survival of the whole group was of 10 weeks from diagnosis. The clinical suspicion of HCC was arisen by ultrasound (US) and the diagnostic was confirmed cytologically in 57 patients out of 60 who underwent ultrasonically guided fine-needle biopsy (UG-FNB), with a sensitivity of 95% and specificity of 100%. In 7 cases (including the 3 false-negative FNB), the diagnosis was made by laparoscopic biopsy and, in 3 cases, on autopsy. US identified a single tumor in 27 cases (40.3%); 7 were smaller than 5 cm. Only 4 patients (5.9%) were considered for surgery. We conclude that the cirrhotic patients (above all those HbsAg positive) constitute a high-risk group requiring periodic (every 3 months) US examination. To confirm the HCC, we believe in the high diagnostic accuracy of UG-FNB, whereas laparoscopy should be confined to the cases where FNB gives a doubtful false-negative result or to complete the presurgical staging

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000226453

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Of 498 patients with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL), 30 showed secondary central nervous system (CNS) involvement. Of these 30 patients, 26 had high-grade malignancy and 21 lymphoblastic lymphoma, mainly convoluted (n = 8) or Burkitt (n = 6) type according to the Kiel classification. In half of the 30 patients, CNS involvement was associated with progressive lymphoma. Bone marrow involvement was found in half of the patients before or at the time of the diagnosis of CNS involvement, which was 12 months (mean) after the diagnosis of NHL. Eight patients received CNS prophylaxis. Results of treatment for CNS involvement are poor (mean survival time from CNS involvement: 3.5 months). The Kiel classification allows good identification of patients at high risk of CNS lymphoma: systematic CNS prophylaxis is indicated only in the convoluted and Burkitt types. An efficient prophylaxis must be found and results must be confirmed by other studie

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000226454

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Ploidy and proliferative characteristics were estimated by flow cytometry of the nuclear DNA content of 92 human brain tumors. Samples were frozen at ––20°C immediately after surgery and single cell suspensions were obtained with a mechanical dissociation technique. Propidium iodide was employed for nuclear DNA staining. Human normal brain tissue was used as internal diploid reference standard. 86% of benign tumors had unimodal DNA distribution with a DNA index (DNA I = modal channel of the G0/1 peak of the studied population/modal channel of the G0/1 peak of the normal brain) usually within the diploid or near-diploid range. 14.0% had aneuploidy, with an additional cell peak having a median DNA I of 1.60. Among malignant tumors, these figures were 61.2 and 38.8% (p <0.001). The percentage of S phase cells was higher in malignant (median = 3.6) than in benign tumors (median = 2.0, p <0.01), without correlation to histological tumor subtype. Flow cytometry appears to be a useful method for evaluating differences in DNA distribution in tumors of the central nervous sy

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000226455

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Previous studies have indicated that plasma levels of retinol are decreased in some cancer patients and that lower levels of retinol could be associated with a poor response to chemotherapy. This pilot study was conducted to determine whether it is possible to increase plasma levels of retinol in cancer patients by supplementation with retinol. Plasma levels of retinol were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography in 46 patients treated with chemotherapy for various malignancies and in 43 control individuals; cancer patients were supplemented orally either with 25,000 or 50,000 IU of retinol daily during up to 3 months. Initial levels of retinol were lower in cancer patients than in the control group; the decrease was significant in women with liver metastases but not in men. Women supplemented with 25,000 IU had a significant increase of their retinol levels after 1 month but this effect was not maintained during continued supplementation; in women receiving 50,000 IU daily, a sustained increase in retinol level was maintained during the 3 months of supplementation. In men, a similar trend was produced by the supplementation but the increases were not significant. Retinol levels decreased to initial levels within 1 month of discontinuation of supplementation, indicating the need for continuous supplementation.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000226456

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1987

数据来源: Karger