摘要:

Bladder cancer was induced in male B6D2F1 strain mice by the administration of N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine. Mice supplemented with β-carotene for 5 weeks before receiving the carcinogen and maintained on β-carotene for an additional 26 weeks developed significantly fewer tumors than did unsupplemented mice. Mice receiving canthaxanthin for the same time period showed no protection against the development of bladder cancer. effect of this molecule must be an intrinsic property of carotenoid

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000226922

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Cutaneous lesions may be the atypical initial manifestation of blood disorders. Monoclonal antibodies identify surface phenotype of lymphocytes present in specific cutaneous lesions. We studied cutaneous infiltrates with flow cytometry in 10 cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. We characterized T cell subset in skin immune system. The percentage of T cells was compared to percentage observed in healthy specimens from same patient. T4 cells predominate in cutaneous infiltrates, with an increase in T4/T8 ratio. There was also an increase in T6+ cells, Langerhans cell markers in the skin. HLA-Dr + , T6 cells increased in all cases tested, indicative of dendritic cells. These data showed a modification of T lymphocytes only in skin infiltrate of lymphoma.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000226923

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma appears to be on the increase. This increase is real rather than due to changes in nosology, physician awareness or increase in high-risk groups. Diagnostic guidelines appear to be well defined and widely accepted. We report 9 cases of primary CNS lymphoma seen at our institution over a 5-year period. The clinical presentation was variable, but consisted mostly of headache, motor dysfunction, and memory and behavioural disturbance. Surgery is of value for diagnosis. In general, surgical decompression is not recommended. Glucocorticoids and radiotherapy appear effective in the short term. The role of chemotherapy is uncertain.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000226924

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

This paper reports the morphometric analysis results of 100 cases of bladder tumor cells with a Q-900 computer-assisted image analysis system. According to the nuclear area, axis ratio and area ratio of tumor nuclei, bladder transitional cell tumors were divided into 4 grades. This system is called the morphometric grading system (M grading). The results show that the higher the M grading, the lower the survival rate and the higher the recurrence rate. As the M grade increases the tumors could be accompanied by muscular invasion. When recurring, the tumor has a poor prognosis if M grading increases. We conclude that the morphometric grading system is able to yield a quantitative pathologic diagnosis and can predict the biological behavior of bladder tumors. Recently, new techniques for diagnosing and predicting the biological behavior of bladder tumors have been developed. One such technique is morphometric analysis of bladder transitional cell carcinoma with computer-assisted image instruments [1]. Because this morphometric method is easily applicable to pathological section routinely stained with HE and the results are reproducible and more objective, the studies about morphometric analysis of bladder tumor have increased in recent times. This paper reports the preliminary morphometric analysis results of bladder tumor cells examined by a Q-900 image analysis instrument for 100 cases.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000226925

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Sera from patients with lung cancer and from healthy donors were screened for the presence of aflatoxins. Significant differences in levels of aflatoxins between the two groups were found. Only 1 of the neoplastic patients with aflatoxins in the serum was a smoker. However the percentage of sera from lung cancer containing aflatoxins is not significant enough to provide evidence for a casual relationship between aflatoxins exposure and development of lung cancer in humans.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000226926

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In vitro, we were able to induce a differentiation of human (SK-N-MC, IMR-32, Leo-2) and murine neuroblastoma cells (NA-2, C-1300, NIE-115) with dibutyryl cyclic 3’5’-adenosine monophosphate (dbcAMP), hypothalamic factor (HF), and somatostatin. As morphological criteria of cellular differentiation we used the decrease in cell proliferation and the formation of neurites. Functional parameters were the increase of A cholinesterase activity, cAMP level, and protein content, and the decrease of cGMP level. After application of dbcAMP and HF, the effects were stronger than after somatostatin. We believe that the action of HF and somatostatin is caused by an increase in cAMP levels. In the in vivo experiments, human and murine neuroblastoma cells (NA-2, C-1300, and Leo-2) were transplanted into nude/nude mice. After HF treatment of 14 mice with NA-2 tumors, 4 of the mice were tumor-free, and mean tumor weight was reduced to one-third of the controls. Of the animals with C-1300 and Leo-2 tumors, half became tumor-free, and mean tumor weight was reduced to one-fourth. The results indicate that the induction of cellular differentiation by factors and hormones may in future become a method of therapy for human neuroblast

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000226927

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We describe the development of an immunofluorescent method for the detection of resistance to agents which affect the integrity of the cellular microtubular network. Three pleiotropic resistant MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cell lines mixed with vaginal adenocarcinoma cells were selected in serially increasing drug concentrations, and demonstrated a 30-fold increase in resistance to colchicine. Transport studies indicated that there was no difference in drug accumulation between the sensitive and resistant lines. The colchicine-binding capacity of cell extracts from sensitive and resistant cells was similar (Kd for sensitive cells was 1.9 x 10-6M and for resistant cells 1.58 x 10-6M). There were, however, significant differences in cytoskeletal morphology between sensitive and resistant cells. Drug-sensitive cells were mostly large (about 70 μm2) and flattened. Their cytoplasm was filled with a microtubular network in which, in most of the cases, single fibers could be differentiated. Cells usually had a microtubule-organizing center and paracortical bundles of microtubules. In contrast, drug-resistant cells were mostly rounded and grew in clumps. In only 40% of these cells could single microtubular fibers be differentiated. Resistant cells lacked a microtubule-organizing center and had no clear paracortical bundles of microtubules. The tubulin-binding agents tested caused a sequence of morphological changes in sensitive cells. These changes included precipitation of tubulin and disappearance of cytoskeletal structure. Changes occurred initially within 3 h of incubation, but were expressed in all cells after 6 h. If, after 3 h of drug exposure, cells were subcultured in drug-free media, the cytoskeletal structure reformed within 10 h. Maximal recovery of cytoskeletal structure occurred 22 h after drug removal and was sustained up to 36 h. In contrast to changes observed in sensitive cells, drug exposure did not induce changes in the morphology of cytoskeleton in resistant cells. Cells from all three resistant lines reverted to sensitivity after 7 months of culture in drug-free media. This was first detected by immunofluorescence and then confirmed by cloning assay. Since the cytoskeletal disintegration of sensitive cells is readily detectable within a few hours of in vitro drug treatment, immunofluorescent imaging may have its clinical application in predicting the sensitivity/resistance to microtubule-binding agents

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000226928

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Eighty-seven locoregional lymph node metastatic specimens from 52 gastric cancers and 35 colorectal cancers were tested using a human tumor clonogenic assay and the results were analyzed. Experiments were considered evaluable in 31 gastric and 21 colorectal specimens, respectively. Metastatic malignant cells and clonogenic cells per gram of wet specimen were significantly more prevalent in smaller (1.5 g weight or less) involved nodes (p < 0.005 and p < 0.025, respectively). The clonogenicity was also higher in the smaller (2.0 g or less) specimens, although the difference was not significant. In vitro chemosensitivity was higher in the smaller nodes and this tendency corresponded well to the clonogenicity. The data showed that the clonogenicity and in vitro chemosensitivity were high in the early phase of locoregional lymph node metastasis, and suggested that perioperative chemotherapy could control lymph node micrometastases and prevent recurrence in patients with gastric or colorectal cancer.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000226929

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Many patients on cytotoxic chemotherapy show reduced frequency of menstrual bleeding due to a reduction in ovarian follicular activity. The endocrine perturbations related to these changed menstrual patterns were studied in detail. Nineteen regularly menstruating patients with primary breast cancer were given either cyclophosphamide or chlorambucil in combination with methotrexate and fluorouracil as adjuvant therapy. Some patients continued to menstruate normally, while others became amenorrhoeic. However, the majority showed reduced menstrual activity, and, in these, the reproductive endocrinology was highly variable. Increased gonadotrophin levels brought about episodes of follicular activity but not ovulation. During these episodes, oestradiol levels reached normal follicular values. Adrenal function appeared to be unaffected. Although an endocrine response by the tumour might be expected to cytotoxic-induced ovarian ablation, the clinical significance of the disrupted, but incompletely suppressed ovarian function, is unknown.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000226930

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Lee’s histochemical method was used to assess hormonal receptors in 1,005 patients with breast cancer. Patients were from 8 oncological departments in northern Italy. The group was subdivided into four subgroups in relation to menopausal status and presence or absence of axillary node metastasis. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were analysed in all subgroups in relation to receptorial status. We observed: (1) when hormonal receptors are present, OS and DFS are longer in all subgroups; (2) the presence of hormonal receptors influences favourably both DFS and OS, but it seems to play a more important role for DFS; (3) the positive receptorial status is a better prognostic factor in groups without axillary node metastasis, especially in premenopausal patients. We conclude that the histochemical assessment of hormonal receptors is a valid method for the prognostic evaluation of patients with breast cance

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000226931

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger