摘要:

Flow cytometric (FCM) DNA studies were performed on cell suspensions obtained by endoscopic biopsy in 73 patients with gastric cancer and in 61 patients with gastric remnant. In cancer, DNA aneuploidies were detected in 49 tumors (67.1 %), including 51.7% (15/29) of early gastric cancers and 77.3% (34/44) of advanced gastric cancers. Nuclear DNA content of biopsy materials had a significant correlation with that of surgically obtained ones, providing the estimation of the original ploidy pattern and DNA index (p < 0.01). The serosal invasion, lymph node metastasis, lymphatic invasion, and vascular invasion of the DNA aneuploidy were significantly higher than those of the DNA diploidy (p < 0.05). In patients with gastric remnant, 9 biopsy specimens in the anastomotic site showed DNA aneuploidy (13.9%). The DNA measurement of the endoscopically obtained specimens may provide additional preoperative information and help to identify biologic variables.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227389

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Immunohistochemical detection of p53 was performed in archival material of 129 early gastric cancers. Positive staining was detected in 22.5% (29/129) of the cases. No significant association could be established with any clinicopathological criteria but a trend of a higher rate of p53 detection was observed among large tumors ( > 6 cm) and in cases with lymph node involvement. Prognosis was significantly worse for patients with p53-positive staining tumors. The 5-year survival rate was 92.1% for patients with p53-negative tumors and 71.2% for those with positive malignancies (p = 0.001). p53 detection and lymph node involvement emerged as independent prognostic factors in a Cox model including other clinicopathological criteria. Immunochemical detection of p53 may become an important aid in the preoperative evaluation of patients with early gastric cancer.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227390

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

To evaluate the utility of CA 15.3 in detecting breast cancer relapse before clinical evidence of metastatic disease, serial determinations of CA 15.3 serum levels were made in 444 disease-free patients after surgery, during 36 months of follow-up. The results were compared with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA). The study found CA 15.3 to be more sensitive as an early indicator of relapse than CEA or TPA; moreover, simultaneous determination of the other markers offers no information additional to that obtained by CA 15.3 alone.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227391

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of recombinant human erythropoietin (rh-EPO) in patients with cancer-related anaemia. Thirty-six ambulatory patients who had malignant neoplasms and haemoglobin (Hb) values of < 11 g/dl (Pretoria is 1,310 m above sea level) entered the study. Patients with renal insufficiency, or anaemia caused by bleeding or haemolysis, and patients with iron deficiency or megaloblastic anaemia, were not entered in the study. 22 IU/kg rh-EPO was given subcutaneously 3 times/ week. The dose was escalated if Hb values did not rise after 4 weeks. All 36 patients were evaluable for toxicity. Side effects ascribed to rh-EPO were pain or discomfort at the site of injection (12 patients), heart palpitations (3 patients), skin rash (2 patients) and hypertension, deep vein thrombosis, and myalgia in 1 patient each. Thirty of the 36 patients who entered the study were evaluable for response. There were 16 females and 14 males among the evaluable patients. Median age was 64.5 years. Response, defined as an increase of Hb of at least 2 g/dl or to 12.5 g/dl, for at least 1 month, was documented in 12 patients. This was accompanied by an improvement in performance status and occurred within 1 month in 5 of the 12 patients who responded. rh-EPO has a limited but measurable therapeutic value for patients with cancer-associated anaemia.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227392

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Eleven patients with chemotherapeutically pretreated advanced gastric cancer were treated in a phase II study with a combination of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and Leucovorin (LV, folinic acid). 5-FU (1,200 mg/m2) and LV (100 mg/m2) were given as a parallel continuous intravenous infusion over 48 h every 2 weeks for at least 8 weeks. Toxicity and response rates were evaluated. Results show that this chemotherapeutic regimen is well tolerable, without any side effects exceeding WHO grade 1 toxicity, but that it has no considerable effects on tumor growth. None of the patients achieved disease remission. In 8 out of the 11 study patients therapy had to be discontinued prematurely because of disease progression. Therefore we conclude that the studied protocol of 5-FU/LV as second-line treatment of advanced gastric cancer although well tolerable is not effective.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227393

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

To examine the efficacy of bleomycin on the local control of malignant pericardial effusion, we prospectively conducted a clinical trial consisting of continuous pericardial drainage and a local instillation of bleomycin. In the current study, we treated 7 patients, who suffered from malignant pericardial effusion with cardiac tamponade due to advanced-stage non-small cell carcinoma of the lung. The pericardial effusions were continuously drained through an echo-guided inserted catheter. After the effusions were drained as completely as possible, 5 mg of bleomycin were instilled locally via the catheter. In all patients but one, the draining catheter could be successfully removed. The duration of drainage ranged from 4 to 13 days (mean: 9.2 days). Five of the 7 patients achieved a complete remission of pericardial effusions, which was maintained until death or the last day of follow-up. Intrapericardial bleomycin treatment was thus found to be effective on malignant pericardial effusions without any adverse effects. However, a further study comparing the effect of pericardial instillation of bleomycin versus drainage alone would be needed for the determination of the usefulness of bleomycin.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227394

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effect of tetrachlorodecaoxide (TCDO) treatment after total-body irradiation (TBI) with γ-rays (single dose, about LD 50) on the development of radiation-induced leukemia was tested in rats. TCDO was applied intravenously from day 4 through day 11. The control group was exposed to the same dosage of X-rays (TBI), but received physiological saline solution instead of TCDO. Compared to the control group, TCDO therapy initially markedly increased the survival rate: 72 versus 44% (6 months after TBI) and 36 versus 20% (1-year survival rate). The overall survival, however, was not significantly prolonged. TBI caused leukemia in 36% of the rats in the irradiation control group without TCDO treatment, however, none of 24 rats treated with TCDO after X-ray exposure developed leukemia. Since in this study TCDO was only administered for 8 days during the acute phase of radiation syndrome, we suppose that additional TCDO treatment at various times later on would lead to even better results

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227395

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A phase II study of cisplatin was performed in 13 previously untreated patients with unresectable biliary tract carcinoma. The drug was given intravenously at a dose of 80 mg/m2/day once every 4 weeks. Of 13 patients evaluated, 1 showed partial response lasting 3 months, while no patient showed complete response. Of 9 patients, whose serum level of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was high (≥10 ng/ml) before treatment, 4 showed ≥50% reduction in serum CEA level after treatment. The current study indicates that cisplatin does not have significant antitumor activity against biliary tract carcin

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227396

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Twenty-five patients with advanced breast cancer (ABC) who had failed from first-line chemotherapy entered into a phase II study employing weekly 5-fluorouracil (FU) 350 mg/m2, folinic acid (FA) 500 mg/m2, and epirubicin (EPI) 35 mg/m2, for a maximum of 18 cycles. Twenty-three patients were evaluable for response. One achieved a complete response and 7 showed a partial response, for an objective response rate of 35%; 7 (31%) patients achieved a stabilization of the disease, while 8 (35%) patients progressed under treatment. The median duration of response was 6 months and median survival amounted to 10.6 months. Side effects were in general mild with grade III leukopenia in 5 patients and grade IV leukopenia in 1 patient. Other toxicity included nausea and vomiting (88%), diarrhea (26%), stomatitis (40%) and alopecia (84%), but all of them mainly restricted to WHO grade I and II. Our results suggest that the combination of high-dose FA, FU, and EPI can be safely administered in the investigated schedule and represents an attractive alternative in the search for second-line therapies that combine effectiveness with acceptable toxicity in the treatment of refractory ABC.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227397

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The aims of this study were to identify prognostic factors in patients (pts) with small cell lung cancer and to identify dominant prognostic factors independent of disease stage, to define prognostic subsets through recursive partitioning and amalgamation (RPA) and to analyze the clinical characteristics of long-term survivors. The prognostic significance of 27 pre-treatment variables was evaluated in 144 pts seen at a single institution. The current study confirmed the superior outcome for pts with limited disease (LD) in terms of response, response duration, time to treatment failure and survival when compared to those with extensive disease (ED). None of the variables independently predicted for response in patients with LD. Response correlated significantly with a good performance status (PS) for pts with ED and for the whole group. A good PS was the most significant predictor for prolonged survival in pts with LD. In ED a longer survival was associated with a normal pre-treatment albumin value, absence of weight loss and female gender. When the whole group was considered, PS and number of metastatic sites were identified as the most influential factors for survival independent of disease stage. RPA analysis defined 3 prognostic subsets based on stage of disease, PS and number of metastatic sites. The best survival rates were seen in pts with LD with a good PS and pts with ED, only one metastatic site and a good PS. 11 % of pts survived > 2 years (18% LD, 6% ED). A complete response to chemotherapy was the most important predictor for long-term survival. Comparison of the data from this study with published results of protocol studies showed similar outcomes.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227398

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger