摘要:

Delayed hypersensitivity reactions (DHR) are known to be markedly suppressed in patients with malignant diseases. Corticosteroids have been shown to depress DHR. In sarcoidosis, however, in which DHR to tuberculin antigen is impaired, local application of cortisone with PPD changed skin reactions from negative to positive in 50% of the patients. Two hundred and fourteen patients with advance nonhematological neoplastic diseases were tested for purified protein derivative (PPD) sensitivity and 174 to mumps antigen. At the same time, local effect of cortisone was tested on these reactions. Twenty patients (9.3%) had positive PPD tests and 24 (13.8%) had positive reactions to mumps antigen. After adding cortisone acetate to the tested antigens, 6 patients changed from a negative to positive reaction to PPD, and one patient changed from negative to positive with mumps antigen plus cortisone. This suggests that in some cancer patients, the impaired DHR may be due to a block at the peripheral site and, further, that such a block could be removed by local cortisone.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000224806

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1973

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In order to investigate the effect of freezing liver cancers, cryosurgery was performed on solid liver tumors in rats. 8 of 21 Sprague-Dawley rats with single liver implants of Walker-256 tumor were apparently cured of these cancers by cryotherapy. Two others had liver cancer controlled, but had spread of cancer to other parts of the body. There was one operative death (not included in data), but no other serious complication from the procedure.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000224807

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1973

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

An analysis of vulvar carcinoma (ICD No. 176.0) from the California Tumor Registry data, 1942–1969, was performed. While the incidence rate for vulvar cancer has increased slightly from 1.8 (1960) to 2.2 (1969) per 100,000 population (age-adjusted), the absolute and relative survival rates for vulvar carcarcinoma in California for localized lesions have declined drastically (85% 5-year relative survival in 1942–1954 versus 75% 5-year relative survival in 1955–1969), and localized lesions have increased from 7 to 23% for these time periods, respectively. The reason for this decline appears to be a decline in the use of radical vulvectomy, radiation therapy and adjuvant radiation therapy. For all stages of vulvar cancer, the 5-year relative survival rates have increased from 66% (1942–1954) to 70% (1955–1969). A further study of these data by the FIGO classification scheme is in progress. The rarity of vulvar cancer in the nonwhite races is e

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000224808

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1973

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Appropriate data from the California Tumor Registry and related sources were examined for primary liver cancer (ICD No. 155.0). The age-justed mortality rates for primary liver cancer in nonwhites have increased in California due to a high immigrant population of Chinese and Japanese, while the white rates have remained relatively constant. Liver cancer occurs in excess in lower socioeconomic group populations, California Chinese and Japanese and at a median age of 61.8 years. A male sex predonderance was discussed in terms of various related etiologies. There has been a slight absolute, but a large percentage increase in the relative one and 5-year survival rates for liver cancer (primary) due to a greater percentage of patients being diagnosed when localized and a greater percentage undergoing palliative or curative surgery. The 5-year relative survival rates for all stages are 3% and for localized cases 10%. A literature review of etiologic factors was presented in discussing geographical variations for liver cancer.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000224809

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1973

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The incidence of significant hypercalcemia in 305 women with disseminated breast cancer was 7.2%. 13 patients developed hypercalcemia spontaneously and eight patients developed hypercalcemia shortly after initiation of additive hormone therapy. One patient developed fatal hypercalcemia shortly after adrenalectomy. All patients had bone metastases documented by X-rays or bone scans. Treatment with volume expansion, diuretics, and steroids was successful in 11 of 19 trials and Mithramycin therapy in very low dosage was successful in 4 of 5 trials. 7 of the 22 hypercalcemia patients expired and four of these deaths were directly as a result of hypercalcemia.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000224810

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1973

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The antitumor efficacy of calusterone, 200 mg/day by mouth, against objectively progressing advanced breast cancer was evaluated by the Cooperative Breast Cancer Group criteria in 117 women. In 41, calusterone was the first treatment for advanced breast cancer, in 49 it was given as secondary steroidal therapy, and in 27 it followed cytotoxic chemotherapy. Part of the study included comparison by the double-blind technique of calusterone in 23 women with Δ1-testololactone, 1,000 mg/day by mouth, in 25 similar patients randomly distributed for site of most significant metastasis and for age with respect to the menopause. Calusterone produced objective regressions lasting an average of 9.8 months in 51% of patients in whom it was primary or secondary hormonal therapy, but in only 19% of patients with previous cytotoxic chemotherapy. In the last group, regressions lasted only 6 months. Calusterone was equally effective in women with or without visceral metastasis, in all age groups, and in castration failures. In the double-blind study, calusterone produced regressions in 52% and Δ1-testololactone in 32% of patients. In the crossover, patients who had not responded to calusterone also failed to respond to Δ1-testololactone, while 33% of Δ1-testololactone failures or responders obtained regression on calusterone therapy. Calusterone is a weak androgen, and, like other 17α-alkylated steroids, produces nausea in 28 % of patients and BSP retention almost uniformly. There was no cholestatic jaundice or hepatocellular damage. Nausea was usually transient, but of sufficient severity in five patients to necessitate termination of therapy. Unlike other androgens, calusterone causes no rise in hematocrit, but a striking increase in the platelet count and a slight rise in the white blood cell count. By the rigorous criteria of the Cooperative Breast Cancer Group, calusterone is the most effective antitumor steroid thus far identified in a statistically adequate sa

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000224811

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1973

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Testicular tumors are the leading cause of death from cancer in men from the age of 25 to 34 years, excluding leukemia and lymphoma. Except for the radiosensitive seminoma, results of treatment for these tumors have been disappointing, and chemotherapy is frequently employed. Combination therapy either simultaneous or sequential, appears to be superior to use of a single agent. Individualization of treatment is important in chemotherapy of disseminated testicular neoplasm, and the many agents that have shown efficacy should be appreciated.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000224812

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1973

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Common antigenicity has been discovered between glycoprotein antigens obtained from leukotic lesions of chickens with Marek’s disease and antigens obtained from a variety of human cancers. This suggests that Marek’s disease herpesvirus is a possible etiological agent in human can

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000224813

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1973

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Evidence is presented, which supports the findings reported in part I, that glycoprotein antigens from Marek’s tumors have common antigenicity with those from human cancer. These glacoprotein antigens from Marek’s tumors behaved in a similar manner to glycoprotein antigens obtained from Marek’s herpesvirus grown in tissue culture in their cross-reactivity with the glycoprotein antigens of human cancer. This indicates that the basis for this common antigenicity is the presence of certain antigenic parts of the Marek’s herpesvirus genome in a variety ofhuman neoplasia. The DNA Marek’s herpesvirus is thus implicated in hum

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000224814

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1973

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In previous reports by the author, evidence was presented to show that the common malignancies of childhood may be heritable disorders controlled by genes in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Furthermore, it has been shown that nephroblastomas are possibly index cancers which do not vary in relative frequency among different ethnic groups. Following on from this it is here argued that, if Burkitt’s lymphoma is also a heritable disorder in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium with other malignancies, it should show the same equilibrium with nephroblastomas as do other malignancies, i.e. the relative frequency of nephroblastomas should be the same in Nigeria and Uganda as anywhere else in the world; Nigeria and Uganda being areas in which Burkitt’s lymphoma may form about 50% of all childhood neoplasms. A comparison of the relative frequency of nephroblastoma in these areas in fact shows it is not different from any other part of the world. The conclusion is that Burkitt’s lymphoma may also be a heritable disorder and the high incidence merely reflects the racial genetic make-up of the people in these

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000224815

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1973

数据来源: Karger