摘要:

Chromosome numbers of 178 Madeiran flowering plant species are included in the checklist. Of 140 native species, 87 are Macaronesian or Madeiran endemics. The percentage of polyploidy in the Madeiran flora has been calculated at 40%, based on 20.9% of the native flora. Endemic phanerophytes are remarkably rich in polyploids. Comments are made on the evolutionary origins of Madeiran endemics. The majority are schizoendemics, evolved by gradual speciation. There are also a number of palaeoendemics and apoendemics. The higher level of polyploidy in the Madeiran endemics when compared with the Canarian endemics is discussed in the light of gradual divergence, the principal speciation process in the Macaronesian flora.

ISSN:0107-055X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1756-1051.1994.tb00595.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0107-055X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1756-1051.1994.tb00596.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Saxifraga granulatais able to reproduce both sexually and vegetatively. In an earlier report from Denmark, seed set was said to be low, the species reproducing mainly vegetatively by means of bulbils. Furthermore, investigations in northern England have shown inbreeding depression in gynodioecious 5.granulatapopulations. The present study, however, demonstrates that 5.granulatais fully self‐compatible in Denmark; seed set per flower in hand‐selfings was on average 70%, compared to ca. 80% in control plants. Nevertheless, despite high seed set, reproduction by bulbils is probably the most important mode of reproduction.Saxifraga granulatahas typically opportunistic flowers which are white, UV‐neutral compared to the background reflexion, and offering only a small standing crop of nectar. Optical attraction by the massive flowering over a relatively short period is regarded as a way of overcoming competition from co‐occurring, simultaneously flowering species.Saxifraga granulataflowers received visits from at least 27 different insects species. Based on number of recorded flower visits, records on foraging time, and investigations of body surface pollen loads,Rhamphomyia sulcata(Empididae),Cheilosiaspp. (Syrphidae),Polyblepharis opaca(Empididae), andHalictusspp. (s. I.) (Halictidae) were found to be the most important pollen vectors in the 5.granulatapop

ISSN:0107-055X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1756-1051.1994.tb00597.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Dactylorhiza traunsteinerisensu lato is a highly variable, tetraploid aggregate of narrow‐leaved marsh orchids with a poorly known distribution. The uncertain distribution is due to difficulties in identifying populations, especially in marginal areas. Populations from calcareous fens in the eastern parts of Sweden were analysed. Predictions concerning morphological differentiation and population structure were tested with multivariate discriminant analyses and by comparing individuals within populations in terms of diagnostic characters. Four possible taxa were considered:D. russowii, D. traunsteineri, D. traunsteinerispp.pycnanthaand the varietypusilla. It was concluded that all populations investigated in eastern Sweden belong to one variable taxon,D. traunsteiner

ISSN:0107-055X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1756-1051.1994.tb00598.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The variation in floral scent composition within and among populations of four taxa belonging to thePyrola rotundifoliacomplex was analyzed using Principal Component Analysis. Two major groups were recognized,P. norvegicaandP. grandifloraon the one side andP. rotundifolias. str. on the other. Benzaldehyde dominated the scent of the first group and methoxy benzenes and phenyl propanoids that of the second group. A large variation in the floral scent chemistry was found both within some of the studied populations as well as among them. The floral scent composition ofP. rotundifoliassp.maritimawas no more different fromP. rotundifoliassp.rotundifolia, than the differences between populations ofP. rotundifoliassp.rotundifolia. The findings are in partial agreement with the current delimitation of the taxa in theP. rotundifoliacomplex.

ISSN:0107-055X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1756-1051.1994.tb00599.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Two new species of Asclepiadaceae,Cynanchum ellemanniiandGonolobus saraguranus, collected by Lis Elleman the “Aarhus University Ecuador Project” as part of an ethnobotanical study in the Province of Loja, are here described and illustrated. Moreover, the new nameCynanchum trianaeis propo

ISSN:0107-055X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1756-1051.1994.tb00600.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Xerxesis proposed as a new name to replaceAlcantaraGlaziou ex G. M Barroso (Asteraceae) (1969), notAlcantarea(Morren ex Mez) Harms (Bromeliaceae) (1929). The genus is monotypic, represented byXerxes ekmanianum, comb. nov.

ISSN:0107-055X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1756-1051.1994.tb00601.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Bauhinia campanulatasp. nov., from Brunei is described and illustrated. Pollen data are provided. It is a very distinct taxon belonging to the sectionPalmatifolia.

ISSN:0107-055X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1756-1051.1994.tb00602.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A merger of the generaEvrardiaandChamaegastrodiais proposed, and an annotated enumeration of five species so far recognized is proposed.

ISSN:0107-055X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1756-1051.1994.tb00603.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0107-055X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1756-1051.1994.tb00604.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY