摘要:

AbstractSixteen long‐term (more than 5 years) survivors after hepatic resection performed for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from 1970 to 1988, were reviewed. The mean age of the patients was 51 years. There were 11 males and 5 females. HBs antigen was positive in 9 patients. Liver cirrhosis was associated with 11 patients but its severity was designated as Child's A in all patients except one. The mean tumour diameter was 2.8 cm and was relatively small. At the first operation, limited procedures (i.e. partial hepatectomy and subsegmentectomy) were employed in 87.5% of patients. A large percentage of tumours were located in S5and S6segments. A recurrence of HCC occurred in 9 patients after the first resection. A second resection was carried out in 7 patients, in 2 of which a third resection was done. Transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) was performed on 4 patients. These results show that, in addition to detection of small tumours and early resection, repeated operation or TAE for treatment of recurrent HCC was important in achieving long‐term survival after HCC resect

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1990.tb01112.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTo identify tumour‐associated cell surface antigens of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we established three monoclonal antibodies against a well established human HCC line, hu‐H2. One of these, designated as KY‐1, reacted with several HCC lines and a majority of peripheral blood lymphocytes. A second monoclonal antibody, KY‐2, reacted only with HCC cell lines but not with others. With this KY‐2 antibody, which was highly specific for HCC, HCC tissue was positively stained. A third monoclonal antibody, KY‐3, reacted with HCC lines and many other malignant cell lines, but not with non‐malignant cells.These results indicate that at least three different tumour‐associated molecules are express

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1990.tb01113.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMacaca mulattamonkeys have been used for the transmission of enteric non‐A, non‐B hepatitis (HEV) virus by intraportal route. Subsequent passages of HEV virus have been completed in these monkeys. In the first passage, 2 monkeys were inoculated by intra‐portal route with 27–34 nm virus‐like particles (VLP) obtained from known epidemics of HEV hepatitis in India, and biochemical and serological changes in the blood, histological changes in the liver and excretion of 27–34 nm VLP in the stool were studied. Results were compared with those of 4 negative control monkeys inoculated with stool extracts from healthy individuals. The second passage of 27–34 nm VLP was carried out on 2 monkeys using pools of stool suspension positive for 27–34 nm VLP from first passaged animals. Similarly, the third passage of 27–34 nm VLP was completed intraportally in another monkey. All monkeys developed acute hepatitis, as evidenced by transient elevation of aminotransferases, histopathological changes in the liver, development of antibodies aggregating 27–34 nm VLP and excretion of 27–34 nm VLP in stools. No control monkeys dev

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1990.tb01114.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPercutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) was applied to 120 lesions in 95 patients with hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) smaller than 3 cm in the past 6 years. All main target tumours, in 67 patients who had been followed by sonography for more than 6 months after PEI, decreased in size; 28 tumours (41.8%) became undetectable and have remained so until now. The 1‐, 2‐, 3‐, 4‐ and 5‐year survival rates calculated by the Kaplan‐Meier method were 93%, 81%, 65%, 52% and 28% respectively. These survival rates were better than those of patients with HCC smaller than 3 cm who did not receive anticancer treatment (P<0.01). The survival of patients of the Child's A or Child's B status was better than that of those with Child's C disease. Recurrence occurred in areas within the liver different from the original lesion in 34% in one year, 61% in two years and 66% in three years after PEI. PEI was then repeated in 61% of su

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1990.tb01115.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclasses were determined in 41 patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) and in 15 normal controls. In 19 cases of LC and in 6 normal controls, the IgG subclasses were also determined in lymphocyte culture supernatants. The determinations were performed by enzyme immunoassay. It was found that the absolute mean IgG1 and IgG3 levels were increased in all LC due to various causes. The mean IgG1 increase was most pronounced in post‐hepatitic LC, and the mean percentage of IgG1 to total IgG was also increased in this type of LC in comparison with the normal controls and the other types of LC. The IgG3 fraction was significantly increased in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). In alcoholic LC, all IgG subclasses were increased significantly in comparison with normal controls. In lymphocyte culture supernatants from PBC patients, the mean IgG1 and IgG3 levels were increased in supernatants from unstimulated cultures, and the mean IgG1, IgG3, and IgG4 were increased after pokeweed mitogen (PWM) stimulation. In post‐hepatitic LC, the mean IgG4 level was increased in both unstimulated culture supernatants and after PWM stimulation. In alcoholic LC, the mean IgG4 level was increased in unstimulated culture supernatants, whereas the mean IgG1 level was increased after PWM stimulation. These findings showed that LC of differing aetiologies exhibited different profiles of IgG subclasses. This may be related to the different aetiological agents and the pathogenesis of the different types of

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1990.tb01116.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHepatic fibroplasia seems to play an important role in the course of primary liver cancer (PLC) since, for instance, encapsulated and fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinomas show a definitely better prognosis. In this study, serum procollagen III amino‐terminal peptide (PIIIP) levels, which reflect synthesis and release of procollagen type III, were measured with the aim of assessing hepatic fibrogenesis in PLC patients and determining whether serum PIIIP levels play a diagnostic or prognostic role in PLC. Twenty‐five patients with PLC, 74 patients with cirrhosis and 38 healthy volunteers were studied. Serum PIIIP levels were determined by a radioimmunoassay (RIA) method.In PLC patients PIIIP serum levels were significantly higher than those of controls and cirrhotic patients (P<0.001 andP<0.01 respectively) but an analysis of individual values showed an important overlap between PLC and cirrhosis. No correlation was found between serum PIIIP levels and tumour histology, presence or absence of cirrhosis, Child status, possible aetiology of the disease, indices of hepatocellular inflammation, cholestasis and synthesis, or tumour markers. On the contrary, serum PIIIP levels correlated with tumour gross pattern (z=3,P<0.001) and, inversely, with survival (r=0.659,P<0.01), patients with serum PIIIP over 25 ng/mL showing a significantly worse prognosis. These data confirm that hepatic fibroplasia plays an important, but not yet fully understood, role in the course of PLC. From the clinical point of view, PIIIP determination does not add to the differential diagnosis between PLC and cirrhosis but helps to identify patients with larger liver replacements and worse progno

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1990.tb01117.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThirty‐five patients with primary biliary cirrhosis were seen between 1974 and 1989. The median mean age at presentation was 53 years (range: 30–77) and the female to male ratio was 7.8:1. Thirteen (37%) were asymptomatic and nine (26%) had associated auto‐immune disorders. Pruritus and hepatomegaly were present in half of the patients. Advanced histological stages of disease (Stages 3 and 4) were present in 57% of patients. The median period of follow‐up was 5 years (range: 0.1–20). Twelve patients died, nine from hepatic causes and three from non‐hepatic causes. One has undergone liver transplantation. A Kaplan‐Meier curve estimated the median survival to be 11 years. Asymptomatic patients developed progressive disease and survival was similar to that of symptomatic patients. Using Cox's proportional hazards model, age, serum bilirubin and serum albumin were found to be independent prognostic variables correlating with red

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1990.tb01118.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA plasma pool from 12 asymptomatic carriers seropositive for antibody against hepatitis B e antigen (anti‐HBe) contained hepatitis B virus (HBV) with chimpanzee infectious doses of 1–100/mL, and another pool from 12 carriers positive for hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) contained 108/mL doses or more. The HBeAg‐positive pool contained 106‐fold more HBV DNA than the anti‐HBe‐positive pool, reflecting the difference in infectivity in chimpanzees. The precore region sequences of HBV DNA in the two plasma pools were amplified by polymerase chain reaction, and separate HBV DNA clones were propagated for determining the nucleotide sequence. Of 114 clones from the anti‐HBe‐positive pool, 113 displayed a point mutation from guanine to adenine at nucleotide 83 in the precore region, which converted codon 28 for tryptophan (TGG) to a stop codon (TAA), and the remaining clone had a point mutation from adenine to cytosine at the first letter of codon 1 (CTG) to inhibit the translation initiation of the precore region. Precore region defects, in contrast, were observed in only 10 (8%) of 119 clones from the HBeAg‐positive pool. These results indicate the infectious capacity of HBV mutants, defective in the precore region and incapable of directing the synthesis and secretion of HBeAg, which prevail in the circulation of hosts after they seroconvert from

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1990.tb01119.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNicotine, which is thought to be responsible for part of the pharmacological effect of smoking, exacerbates gastric mucosal injury in rats. The effects of misoprostol (12.5 μg to 100 μg), omeprazole (12.5 mg to 100 mg) and sucralfate (50 to 400 mg) on gastric mucosal blood flow and mucosal injury induced by nicotine were studied in anex vivogastric chamber preparation in rats. Rats were pretreated with nicotine (25 μg/mL orally) for 10 days and ethanol was added to the gastric chamber preparation. Laser Doppler flowmetry was used to measure the gastric mucosal blood flow and mucosal damage (ulcer index) was assessed by the area of haemorrhagic lesions. The ulcer index was significantly higher in rats pretreated with nicotine. Treatment with misoprostol and omeprazole lowered the ulcer index significantly compared with controls. The peak and summation blood flows were lower in nicotine‐treated rats but failed to reach statistical significance. The peak blood flow (blood flow at 45 min) and the summation blood flow were significantly higher with all doses of sucralfate, misoprostol and omeprazole than in controls (P<0.05). The increase in gastric mucosal blood flow was significantly higher with sucralfate and misoprostol than with omeprazole. We conclude that sucralfate, misoprostol and omeprazole prevent nicotine‐ and ethanol‐induced gastric mucosal damage and are accompanied by an increase in gastric mucosal blood flow. This indicates that smoking exacerbates gastric mucosal injury and that cytoprotective and site‐protective agents can reduce injury by these noxi

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1990.tb01120.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe ‘mosaic‐like’ pattern of portal hypertensive gastric mucosa has been evaluated endoscopically in 38 patients referred for elective sclerotherapy, before the first session, after the complete eradication of varices and six months later. Of 38 patients studied, 18 patients exhibited mild, and 20 patients exhibited negative, findings of congestive gastropathy prior to sclerotherapy. Seventeen and 18 patients, respectively, developed aggravated changes of congestive gastropathy after the completion of sclerotherapy (P=0.003). We consider that obliteration of varices by means of endoscopic sclerotherapy influences the development of gastric congestion changes in the majority of patients. However, further studies are required to relate the direction of blood flow in the portal system as well as the level of portal pressure with the congestive gastropathy findings in such pat

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1990.tb01121.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY