摘要:

AbstractSerum concentrations of transferrin, haemopexin and caeruloplasmin have been measured in patients with haemochromatosis and other liver disorders, and the levels compared with those in a control group. Patients with cirrhosis or extrahepatic portal hypertension had normal concentrations of the three proteins except when hepatic decompensation was evident. In decompensated cirrhosis serum albumin and haemopexin levels were reduced. Untreated haemochromatosis, characterized by excessive hepatic iron stores on biopsy, was associated with a significant reduction in the serum concentration of all three proteins. Reductions were documented in both cirrhotic and non‐cirrhotic haemochromatosis. The results document an effect of elevated hepatic iron stores on hepatic protein metabolism and suggest the need for further studies on the regulation of hepatic metalloprotein metabolis

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1987.tb00181.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA study was conducted to determine the tissue levels of cellular retinol‐binding protein (CRBP), serum retinol‐binding protein (RBP) and retinoids in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and in colorectal adenocarcinoma. CRBP, which has a molecular weight of 14 900 daltons and an isoelectric point of 4.9, was purified from human liver. An antihuman CRBP antibody was raised in the turkey and further purified by immunosorbent affinity chromatography on CRBP‐coupled Sepharose column. A radioimmunoassay for CRBP using this antibody was established. RBP was measured by an enzyme immunoassay and retinoids were measured by high‐performance liquid chromatography analysis. Retinol levels in liver tumours were significantly decreased compared with those in respective non‐cancerous adjacent tissues. Retinyl ester levels in liver tumours were also significantly decreased compared with those in the adjacent tissues. CRBP levels in liver tumours were significantly decreased compared with those in the adjacent tissues, whereas no significant difference was observed in the CRBP level between the colon tumours and adjacent colon tissues. RBP levels in liver tumours were also significantly decreased compared with those in the adjacent tissues. The decreased CRBP levels in liver tumours may, at least in part, account for the local deficiency of retinol in HCC, whereas colon tumours may grow independently, regardless of retin

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1987.tb00182.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIntrahepatic lymphocyte subpopulations were studied in eight cases of drug‐induced allergic hepatitis (DIAH) by the immunoenzymatic technique using monospecific T cell antibodies and other reagents. In peripheral blood, the CD4: CD8 ratio in DIAH was higher than that in normal controls. In liver tissue, CD8 positive lymphocytes were predominant, and these cells were attached to the surface of hepatocytes. Leu 7, CD4 and CD11 positive lymphocytes were scarce and were not attached to hepatocytes. HLA‐class I was displayed on the cell membrane of hepatocytes. These results suggest that cytotoxic T cells, which are CD8 positive, CD4 negative and CD11 negative, may play an important role in the pathogenesis of liver cell injury in patients with D

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1987.tb00183.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the level of serum hepatitis Be antigen (HBeAg) during hepatitis B virus carriage and its clinical significance. The mean level of serum HBeAg, quantitated by solid‐phase enzyme immunoassay, was 5924 units in asymptomatic carriers (s.d. = 5534,n= 100), 3044 units in patients with chronic persistent hepatitis (s.d. = 4826,n= 34), 3599 units in chronic active hepatitis (s.d. = 4953,n= 45) 1348 units in liver cirrhosis (s.d. = 2379,n= 25) and 766 units in hepatocellular carcinoma (s.d. = 1257,n= 18). In the 10 HBeAg‐positive patients with chronic active hepatitis, the fluctuation in HBeAg level was followed by changes in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity. Among the 36 peaks of HBeAg and ALT, HBeAg peaks preceded ALT peaks in 22 and simultaneous peaks were present in 14. The changes of HBeAg level were closely related to increase in disease activity as estimated by ALT activities; therefore, HBeAg quantitation can be a useful predictor of disease activity in chronic hepatiti

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1987.tb00184.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTo examine the hypothesis that different histological forms of liver cell death result in a characteristic serum enzyme pattern, the serum concentration of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and lactic dehydrogenase (LD) enzymes were measured in three aetiologically distinct groups of patients with acute hepatocellular injury. Thirty patients had serologically confirmed acute viral hepatitis B, twenty had histologically proven ischaemic hepatitis and five had paracetamol hepatotoxicity. Serum AST and ALT levels were similar in the patients with viral and ischaemic hepatitis, but the serum LD was significantly higher (P<0.001) in the ischaemic hepatitis group. The pattern of enzyme elevation in the patients with paracetamol hepatotoxicity was similar to that found in ischaemic hepatitis. AST/LD and ALT/LD ratios, which were greater than 2 and 3 respectively, usually distinguished the patients with viral hepatitis from those with ischaemic hepatitis or paracetamol hepatotoxicity. Because of differences in the clearance of these enzymes from the serum it is likely that the AST/LD ratio will prove of greater discriminatory value and that this will be most evident early in the patient's clinical course and become progressively less with time.

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1987.tb00185.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe presence of duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) in domestic ducks in Taiwan was confirmed by DNA polymerase assay, Southern blot analysis and electron microscopy. To investigate the epidemiology of this virus, a total of 1274 serum samples were collected from 30 duck farms from different areas of Taiwan and studied by spot hybridization and/or DNA polymerase assay. The positive rates varied among different strains of ducks: 16% in 243 Pekin ducks, 12% in 392 Chinese common domestic ducks, 4% in 196 Muscovy, 25% in 292 Taiwan Kaiyas and 13% in 151 mule ducks. The positive rate was much higher in the younger ducks; it was highest (30.7%) in ducklings under 1 month of age, followed by ducks aged 1–12 months (11.8%), and lowest in those ducks older than 1 year (7.7%). It was concluded that the prevalence of DHBV infection in domestic ducks in Taiwan is generally high, and that the infected ducks may serve as an animal model for human hepatitis B virus infection which is also prevalent in Taiwa

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1987.tb00186.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEndoscopic manometry of the sphincter of Oddi is a new and invasive test which is currently being evaluated in patients with biliary‐type pain, particularly after cholecystectomy, and idiopathic recurrent pancreatitis. Technical aspects of the test appear to have been clarified, but data are incomplete on the potential effect on manometric records of variables such as patient anxiety, prolonged endoscopy and the injection of radiological contrast material prior to the procedure. Despite these considerations, abnormal manometric records are frequent in patients with post‐cholecystectomy pain and idiopathic recurrent pancreatitis, and minor abnormalities have been associated with choledocholithiasis. The term structural stenosis is currently being applied to those in whom the sphincter basal pressure is high while biliary dyskinesia describes a variety of manometric changes including rapid phasic contractions, an excess of waves oriented in a retrograde direction and an abnormal response to the intravenous infusion of cholecystokinin octapeptide. Reasons for the motility disorders remain unclear but may include histopathological changes in sphincter tissue, enteric nerve dysfunction, autonomic dysfunction, hormonal/metabolic changes and psychiatric disorders. Heterogeneity within the patient population needs to be carefully addressed in any prospective study of potential benefit from drugs or other procedures such as endoscopic sphincterotomy and operative sphincteropla

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1987.tb00187.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThree hundred and sixteen patients with acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage were studied prospectively and consecutively. The most frequent cause was variceal bleeding due to portal hypertension (36%), followed by peptic ulceration (24%) and gastric erosions (19%). Variceal haemorrhage tended to be severe and had a high individual mortality rate. Associated acute mucosal lesions with portal hypertension were strikingly less frequent when compared with the experience from the West. Seven per cent of patients died of bleeding alone and an equal number of an associated systemic disorder or complication. Splenomegaly was present in all patients with a variceal haemorrhage due to non‐cirrhotic portal hypertension. However, in patients with portal hypertension due to cirrhosis splenomegaly was present in 63%. Endoscopy altered the clinical diagnosis in 13.2% of patients. Based on previous experience oesophago‐gastro‐duodenal endoscopy has been a useful tool in the management of acute upper gastrointestinal haemor

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1987.tb00188.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIt has been postulated that neurotensin (NT) has a physiological role in the regulation of the exocrine pancreas, but this is controversial. Using the Thomas cannula canine model, the effect of intravenous NT, in physiological and pharmacological doses on exocrine pancreatic secretion, and on plasma pancreatic polypeptide, secretin and cholecystokinin (CCK) levels is reported. The infusion of physiological doses of NT alone (0.2 pmol/kg per min) did not stimulate pancreatic secretion; however, in conjunction with secretin, NT stimulated protein and bicarbonate output, the latter synergistically. Higher doses of NT (20 and 100 pmol/kg per min) resulted in a dose‐dependent stimulation of pancreatic volume, bicarbonate and protein secretion. Cholinergic blockade with atropine reduced pancreatic secretion stimulated by low doses of NT (2–20 pmol/kg per min), but at higher doses (100 pmol/kg per min) protein secretion was reduced whilst bicarbonate secretion was enhanced. The infusion of graded doses of NT had no effect on plasma secretin or CCK levels. In contrast, NT did release pancreatic polypeptide in a dose‐dependent manner, but only at pharmacological infusion levels. NT, acting synergistically with other hormones, may thus play a role in exocrine pancreatic stimul

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1987.tb00189.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCollagenous colitis is characterized by the presence of a thick subepithelial collagen band in the colonic mucosa. The condition was diagnosed on rectal biopsy in 10 patients (one male, nine females) who presented with watery diarrhoea. Although rectal mucosal erythema was present in three and ulceration in two, the mucosa was of normal endoscopic appearance in five of the patients. There was marked variability in the thickness of the submucosal collagen band, both between and within individuals. Empirical drug therapy included sulphasalazine, glucocorticoids and antidiarrhoeals. All patients reported symptomatic improvement.

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1987.tb00190.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY