摘要:

ABSTRACTThe complete nucleotide sequence was determined for a hepatitis B virus genome of subtype adw (pFDW294) isolated and cloned from the plasma sample of a Philippino. The genome was 3221 base‐pair long with a point mutation at the 1376th nucleotide that affected the coding capacity of the P and X genes. There was a wide range of sequence divergence among pFDW294 and the reported three genomes of the same subtype (1.1–9.9%), occurring more often in the pre‐S region and the S gene than in the pre‐C region and the

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1988.tb00241.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTDespite the widespread use of cimetidine, there have been only few reports of cimetidine‐induced severe liver damage. This is an account of a 44 year old woman who developed, after a year of daily administration of cimetidine, fulminant hepatitis which was confirmed by unintentional rechalleng

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1988.tb00242.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTA number of mechanisms for sucralfate protection of gastric mucosa during ulcer healing and protection from experimental injury have been proposed. One currently held postulate that sucralfate acts by inhibiting acid/pepsin attack and creating, at acid pH, a barrier to diffusion of hydrogen ions was tested. The experiments took advantage of a cultured rat antral mucosal model in which ethanol injury is assessed by release of radiolabel from51chromiumloaded mucosa. In this model, with mucosa cultured in the absence of pepsin activity at a neutral pH, sucralfate conferred marked protection; specific51chromium release fell from 12.4% (s.e.m. = 0.7) in controls to 8.9% (s.e.m. = 0.9) at 0.5 mg/ml (P<0.05) and 3.4% (s.e.m. = 0.5) at 2.0 mg/ml (P<0.001) of sucralfate and was abolished at 10 mg/ml and 40 mg/ml (P<0.001). Pretreatment with sucralfatein vivoalso protected the mucosa against subsequent ethanol challenge in the cultured mucosal model, control 12.3% (s.e.m. = 1.9) versus sucralfate pretreatment 6.9% (s.e.m. = 0.7) (P<0.02). Using computer‐assisted macroscopic assessment of mucosal damage after ethanol dosage by gavage, it was further demonstrated that sucralfate protectionin vivois dose‐dependent and prolonged, lasting for at least 5 h at a dose of 200 mg/kg. It is concluded that sucralfate‐induced protection of the gastric mucosa is long‐lasting and can occur via mechanisms other than minimization of acid/peptic

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1988.tb00243.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Enteric‐coated capsules containing peppermint oil were compared with placebo in a double‐blind crossover trial involving 25 patients with the irritable bowel syndrome, carefully selected for the predominance of colonic symptoms. Patients were randomly allocated to receive active drug or placebo, three capsules per day, for 4 weeks and then changed to the alternative medication for a further 4 weeks. Symptom scores were assessed by the patient using visual analogue scales. While on peppermint oil, there was a small but statistically significant increase in stool frequency but no significant change in scores for global severity or scores for the specific symptoms of pain, bloating, urgent defecation and the sensation of incomplete evacuation. Seven patients failed to complete the study, three because of perianal burning associated with peppermint oil. Enteric‐coated capsules containing peppermint oil are unhelpful in patients with the irritable bowel syndrome and prominent colonic sym

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1988.tb00244.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

One hundred and ninety‐eight consecutive gastrectomy specimens (78 gastric carcinomas, 120 benign lesions) were reviewed and examined to study the relation between intestinal metaplasia (IM) and gastric carcinomas (GC). IM was classified as complete (type I) and incomplete (types II and III) depending on the types of mucin secreted. Only type III IM was found to be significantly associated with GC (P= 0.0005) when GC was treated as a group in contrast to non‐neoplastic lesions. On subdivsion into different types of GC, such association was only found in the intestinal type but not the diffuse type. The significance of the association between type III IM and the intestinal type GC is discussed. In addition, dysplasia was significantly associated with GC and not with benign lesions (P<0.0

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1988.tb00245.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

One hundred and fifty‐two patients with achalasia were first admitted to hospital in New Zealand between 1980 and 1984. The discharge of these patients was recorded by the National Health Statistics Centre which records details of all public health hospitals in New Zealand. The overall incidence was 0.95/100 000 population per year and was similar in North and South Islands and in men and women. The incidence increased with age and was 5.4/100 000 population per year in people aged over 80 years old. The disease was more common in Polynesian migrants (1.3/100 000 population per year) than other ethnic groups. Variations in incidence were seen across the Health Boards with the highest incidence of 2.9/100 000 population per year in Hawkes Bay and Taurang

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1988.tb00246.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Nineteen patients underwent clinical and nutritional review 1–5.5 years after gastrectomy and long Roux‐en‐Y jejunal reconstruction. Of these, 79% had little or no restriction of daily activity and only one patient became housebound. Although body weight was only maintained at postoperative levels, body protein status, as measured by arm muscle circumference, creatinine height index and plasma proteins, was normal. Body fat stores were reduced, indicating that fat or carbohydrate digestion was impaired. Mild asymptomatic anaemia in six patients was due to iron deficiency in three and folate deficiency in three. Eight patients had low red cell folate values and these patients had low folic acid intakes. It is concluded that a total gastrectomy using a long Roux‐en‐Y loop is usually associated with a satisfactory nutritional and digestive outcome but long‐term supplements of iron and folic acid shou

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1988.tb00247.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1988.tb00248.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1988.tb00249.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1988.tb00250.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY