摘要:

AbstractThe present study defines the clinical presentation and examines possible aetiological factors in the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma in Karachi, Pakistan.Histologically proven cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (n= 366) were seen over 16 years. The maximum frequency occurred in the age range 51–60 years (range: 8–98 years), and the male to female ratio was 2.5:1. The place of birth, place of longest stay and various addictions did not have any association with the occurrence of liver carcinoma. Only three cases had a history of liver cancer in their immediate relatives.The main presenting features were right hypochondrial mass (85%) and pain (79%). The liver size did not correlate with the duration of illness. α‐Fetoprotein titres were more than 200 ng/mL in 62% of cases. Using a reverse passive haemagglutination assay method, HBsAg and anti‐HBc positivity were 32% and 60%, respectively. Antigen figures rose to 60% when radio‐immunoassay was used; 41% of cases were anti‐δ positive (EIA). Aflatoxin contamination varied between 10% and 17% in various localities of Karachi, suggesting an association of liver cancer with HBsAg and aflatoxins.Histopathologically 73% were trabecular, and 2.5% were mixed hepatocholangiocarcinomas. Follow‐up was available in 45% of cases. All except two (1.2%) died

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1990.tb01761.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe relationships between histological findings, adaptively increased cytochrome a(+a3) levels in chronic liver disease and complications after hepatectomy were studied in order to clarify the mechanism of mitochondrial derangement. The liver specimens of 53 hepatectomized patients were randomly evaluated by three independent hepatopathologists and were compared with cytochrome a(+a3) levels in the biopsied liver, the extent of operation and postoperative complications.The cytochrome a(+a3) concentrations did not show any significant difference between cases of chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis nor groups classified by regeneration. Severity of piecemeal necrosis was categorized into three groups: group A—minimal (n= 20); group B—moderate (n= 19); and group C—severe (n= 14). There were significant differences (P<0.01) in cytochrome a(+a3) concentrations between the groups (A: 99 ± 9; B: 135 ± 6; C: 155 ± 10 pmol/mg of mitochondrial protein). Extensive hepatectomy, involving segmentectomy or more, was frequently complicated (four of nine, 44.4%) in group C, whereas there were few complications (two of 16, 12.5%) in group A cases in which extensive hepatectomy was performed.Evidence will be presented which will show that deranged liver function, as indicated by cytochrome a(+a3) levels, is closely correlated with piecemeal necrosis. This may be attributed to the damage of periportal hepatocytes which are the main sites of oxidative phospho

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1990.tb01762.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSensitive and specific enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were developed to detect separately the binding of polymerized human serum albumin (PHSA) to its antibody (A‐PHSA) and to the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). A‐PHSA was not detected in normal serum, whereas more than one‐third to about half of sera from patients with acute liver cell injury showed this antibody. Frequency of A‐PHSA positivity was low in chronic liver diseases, being relatively higher in those with continuing liver injury. A‐PHSA detection was not related to seropositivity for HBsAg.PHSA binding of HBsAg positive sera showed a higher frequency of positivity in chronic carriers than acute hepatitis B. Of 172 asymptomatic HBsAg carriers, PHSA binding was demonstrated in 25 (15%), the frequency being significantly high if HBeAg was also present (84%). Binding was infrequent in sera having anti‐HBe (2.9%) and in those negative for both HBeAg and anti‐HBe (2.7%). Binding of HBsAg to PHSA was significantly higher than to human serum albumin (HSA). Immunoblotting of separated HBsAg components showed PHSA binding specifically to the high molecular weight peptide. PHSA binding in HBsAg positive serum may indicate the latter's infectivity as detected in a study of maternal‐fetal transmission, where it demonstrates 100% infectivity in HBsAg and HBeAg positive mothers.PHSA possibly mediates the attachment of the HBV to the hepatocyte and a competitive binding between A‐PHSA with HBsAg for PHSA may modulate the cour

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1990.tb01763.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe immunohistochemical localization of DU‐PAN‐2 antigen and CA19‐9 antigen in carcinomas of the digestive tract was studied using an immunoperoxidase technique. Staining for DU‐PAN‐2 antigen and CA19‐9 antigen was observed in 104 (79%) and 96 (73%) of 131 carcinomas of the digestive tract, respectively. Diffuse staining (more than 20% of carcinoma cell stained) for DU‐PAN‐2 was detected in 14 of 21 (67%) pancreatic carcinomas and 11 of 19 (58%) carcinomas of the biliary tract (including cholangiocarcinoma). Diffuse staining for CA19‐9 was detected in 15 (71%) of pancreatic carcinomas and nine (47%) of the carcinomas of the biliary tract. In colon carcinomas, no diffuse staining for DU‐PAN‐2 was observed, whereas diffuse staining for CA19‐9 was found in 41%. There was a positive correlation between the differentiation degree (or grade) of the adenocarcinomas of the colon and the expression of CA19‐9, but not that of DU‐PAN‐2.These immunohistochemical studies showed that DU‐PAN‐2 antigen is expressed diffusely in most cases of adenocarcinoma of the pancreas and biliary tract and is more specific for adenocarcinomas of the pancr

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1990.tb01764.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBacterial chemotactic peptides are low molecular weight peptides which stimulate a wide range of neutrophil functions following binding to specific leucocyte receptors. Formyl methionyl leucyl phenylalanine (FMLP) is the major chemotactic peptide inEscherichia coliculture supematants. This paper reports the development and validation of a radio‐immunoassay (RIA) for FMLP and its application to the analysis of formyl peptide production by enteric bacteriain vitro.The assay was moderately sensitive (10 nmol/L FMLP) and highly specific showing cross reactivity with F‐met‐leu‐tyr, F‐nle‐leu‐phe and F‐met‐met‐met sequences (ID50= 200, 100 and 250 nmol/L, respectively) but no significant cross reactivity with non‐formylated or other formylated di‐ and tri‐peptides (ID50= 105nmol/L).Culture supernatants from five species of enteric bacteria were filtered, concentrated and fractionated by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography before RIA. All five organisms produced immunoreactive F‐met peptides. A major peak of immunoreactivity co‐chromatographing with authentic FMLP was found in all supernatants, but additional peaks representing more hydrophobic peptides were found inStreptococcus faecalisandBacteroides fragiliscultures. InE. coliculture supernatants, concentration of immunoreactive FMLP increased in a linear fashion during 3 h of log phase growth reaching 31.2 nmol/L (s.e.m. = 10) with final bacterial concentrations of 3 ± 0.73 times 108/mL (n= 6).These findings extend earlier work showing production of bioactive formyl oligopeptides by different species of enteric bacteria and suggest that a RIA for FMLP will be a useful tool for investigating the production and metaboli

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1990.tb01765.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBacterial chemotactic peptides (F‐met‐oligopeptides) are secreted by several species of commensal enteric bacteria and can be assayed by bioassay techniques in human colonic luminal fluid. We have previously demonstrated intestinal absorption and enterohepatic circulation of radiolabelled F‐met peptides introduced into rat colon, and an eightfold increase in absorption and biliary excretion in rats with experimental colitis. This paper describes the application of a radio‐immunoassay to measurements of formyl oligopeptides in human faecal dialysates, colonic and systemic venous blood and bile. All samples were fractionated by reverse‐phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) prior to assay.Immunoreactivity was found in faecal dialysates (5–700 nmol/L F‐met‐leu‐phe equivalents) and bile samples (3–150 nmol/L) from normal subjects. After HPLC fractionation, up to five distinct peaks of immunoreactivity were identified. One of these co‐chromatographed with authentic F‐met‐leu‐phe; the others probably represented either closely related peptides or peptides of different chain lengths originating from the same F‐met‐leu‐phe precursor protein. Colonic venous blood from two patients with ulcerative colitis contained immunoreactive peptide (10–30 nmol/L) and substantial immunoreactivity was found in ileostomy fluid and bile from two patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis. These results suggest the presence of an enterohepatic circulation of bacterial F‐met oligopeptides in man and provide a basis for studies of the role of such pro‐inflammatory peptides in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1990.tb01766.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1990.tb01767.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1990.tb01768.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1990.tb01769.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPercutaneous liver biopsy with Menghini or Trucut needle as an outpatient procedure was performed on 159 patients over a 3.5‐year period. No major complications were observed. Liver biopsy is recommended as an outpatient procedure, which would reduce the patient load on limited hospital beds and economize on the hospital resource

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1990.tb01770.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY