摘要:

ABSTRACTTo assess whether the hepatitis C virus plays an important role in Chinese patients with acute and chronic liver disease, antibodies to HCV (anti‐HCV) were measured by enzyme immunoassay in 67 patients with type A and B acute viral hepatitis, 165 patients with non‐A, non‐B (NANB) hepatitis, 438 patients with chronic hepatitis, 200 patients with postnecrotic liver cirrhosis, 72 patients with alcoholic liver disease, 55 patients with non‐alcoholic fatty liver, 24 patients with toxic and drug‐induced hepatitis, and 20 patients with other chronic liver diseases. Anti‐HCV was not detected in sera from patients with type A and B acute viral hepatitis, toxic and drug‐induced hepatitis, primary biliary cirrhosis, Wilson's disease, or lupoid hepatitis. The anti‐HCV prevalence was found to be highest in patients with NANB hepatitis (59% in sporadic and 73.2% in transfusion‐associated), 16.4% in non‐alcoholic fatty liver, 5.6% in alcoholic liver disease, 6.8% in chronic hepatitis, and 16% in postnecrotic liver cirrhosis. In patients with chronic hepatitis, the anti‐HCV prevalence was significantly higher in HBsAg‐negative (15/34, 44.1%) than in HBsAg‐positive cases (15/404, 3.7%;P<0.0001). The results indicate that HCV is a major agent of NANB hepatitis and plays an important role in HBsAg‐negative chro

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1992.tb00945.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTA study of a cross‐section of the Hong Kong Chinese population was done to investigate the seroprevalence of hepatitis C. Healthy subjects were random visitors of a health exhibition, while clinical subjects were recruited from an outpatient liver disease clinic, sexually transmitted disease clinics, dialysis centres and drug rehabilitation centres. A total of 910 subjects were tested. The assay kits were from Abbott and Ortho laboratories. Of the general population, 0.5% was found to be positive for antibody to hepatitis C (anti‐HCV). Suspected chronic non‐A non‐B patients, parenteral drug abusers and haemophiliacs shared a common high (up to 70%) prevalence of anti‐HCV. Sexual partners of index patients, homosexuals and female prostitutes as well as hepatitis B carriers had 0% prevalence. It was concluded that parenteral and blood product exposures were the two main risk factors for he

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1992.tb00946.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTBile acid metabolism after two‐thirds partial hepatectomy (PH) in rat was studied. Bile acid kinetics (i.e. synthesis rate and pool size) were determined by wash out method combined with gas liquid chromatography, and serum bile acids by gas liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry. Serum bile acid concentration was highest on the third day after PH, as the liver regeneration progressed but it gradually decreased with increasing cholic acid (CA)/chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), reflecting impaired hepatic uptake of bile acids and/or cholestasis during the early post‐hepatectomy period. Predominance of CA in bile acid synthesis, pool, and biliary secretion was also found. On the third day after PH, liver weight recovered to 66% of the control value, but enhancement of bile acid synthesis was not observed. Consequently, pool size remained at 50% of control. On the seventh day, synthesis of bile acid, especially of CA, was enhanced and pool size and liver weight returned to 68 and 72% of the respective control values. Bile acid synthesis was returned to the control value on the fourteenth day with concomitant restoration of liver weight and bile acid pool size. These changes in bile acid kinetics parallel the events during hepatic regeneration aft

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1992.tb00947.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTTo investigate the positive rates of antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti‐HCV) in Chinese cirrhotic patients with or without hepatocellular carcinoma and to evaluate the influence of blood transfusion on the prevalence of anti‐HCV in such patients, a longitudinal study in 30 cirrhotic patients (17 combined with hepatocellular carcinoma) was carried out. Five patients (16.7%) were anti‐HCV positive before transfusion. The positive rate of anti‐HCV in HBsAg‐positive patients and HBsAg‐negative patients was 9.5% (2/21) and 33.3% (3/9), respectively. The positive rates in cirrhotic patients with or without hepatocellular carcinoma were 23.5% (4/17) and 7.7% (1/13), respectively. The positive rate of anti‐HCV increased significantly after multitransfusion, and the estimated infectivity of blood products was 6.1 patients per 1000 units of blood products. It was concluded that the aetiological role of hepatitis C virus on liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in the endemic area of hepatitis B virus is not so important as in Western countries, and transfusion might result in an overestimated pathogenic effect of hepatitis C virus in cirrhotic patients and patients with hepatocellu

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1992.tb00948.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe patterns of sequential fluctuation of serum alpha‐fetoprotein levels were analysed in 218 patients with liver cirrhosis in whom the serum alpha‐fetoprotein levels were regularly and serially measured for more than 1 year.In the group of patients with persistently abnormal high values (>50 ng/mL) over a follow‐up period of more than 1 year, the incidence of the subsequent development of hepatocellular carcinoma was statistically and significantly higher (44%) compared to the other groups which showed normal (50 ng/mL for a period of less than 1 year, mostly within 5 months) or fluctuated repeatedly between normal and transient abnormal high levels (23%).Hepatocellular carcinoma developed in 48 patients more than 2 years after the diagnosis of liver cirrhosis, and the fluctuating patterns of serum alpha‐fetoprotein levels were analysed in these patients.The serum alpha‐fetoprotein levels in 10 of these 48 patients stayed below 50 ng/mL until about 2.0–10.0 months before the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma and then increased steadily until the time of hepatocellular carcinoma detection. In these 10 patients, the monthly increasing ratios were approximately 1.6–4.8 times the

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1992.tb00949.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTFor clinical application of adoptive immunotherapy against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), it is not easy to prepare tumour specific effector cells such as cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). To induce potent and broad‐spectrum effectors, allogeneic cultured hepatoma cell lines (JHH‐4 and HuH‐6) were used as stimulators of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) instead of autologous HCC cells. Allogeneic tumour‐ and lymphokine‐activated killer cells (ATLAK) were generated by a mixed culture of lymphocytes and allogeneic cultured tumour cells with recombinant interleukin‐2 (rIL‐2). The tumour‐killing activity of ATLAK induced by HuH‐6 was confirmed against HuH‐6 and other different HCC cell lines (JHH‐2, HuH‐7 and PLC). These activated lymphocytes were significantly more potent than lymphokine‐activated killer cells (LAK) in [51Cr]‐releasing assay. The JHH‐4 stimulated ATLAK was reactive not only with JHH‐4 but also with JHH‐2. The lysis of allogeneic targets could be partially inhibited by anti‐CD8 and anti‐CD3 but not by anti‐CD4. Anti‐tumour cytotoxicity in these cultures might be mediated by CD3+CD56‐ and CD3+CD56+ effectors. These results imply that adoptive immunotherapy for HCC with AT

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1992.tb00950.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis study examined the hypothesis that filtration through the MW 300 kD cut‐off membrane (XM‐300) may influence factors affecting the cholesterol nucleation time (the appearance time of cholesterol monohydrate crystal). Differences in biliary lipids, biliary protein, mucous glycoprotein and vesicular composition were examined before and after the XM‐300 filtration in control and cholesterol gallstone patients. The nucleation time in the cholesterol gallstone patients was significantly faster than that in the control patients. However, the nucleation time in the gallstone patients was significantly prolonged following the XM‐300 filtration resulting in a similar value to that of the control patients. No differences in concentrations of total protein, mucous glycoprotein or lipids composition were observed. The nucleation time did not correlate with the total lipid concentration, the concentrations of biliary mucous glycoprotein or total protein. The prolonged nucleation time of gallstone bile by the XM‐300 filtration was primarily ascribed to the removal of vesicles, which was confirmed by gel chromatography. It was concluded that vesicles greater than MW 300 kD are primarily responsible for the rapid nuclea

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1992.tb00951.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe effects of vaso‐active agents on hepatic function and splanchnic oxygenation were studied in 17 patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Eight patients received vasopressin (0.3 iu/min) and nine patients received nitroglycerin (50 μg/min). Both drugs caused a significant reduction in the portal venous pressure gradient. Vasopressin infusion significantly decreased intrinsic clearance of indocyanine green (‐23%,P<0.01). This may be due to a decreased hepatic perfusion (‐28%,P<0.01) and portal venous oxygenation (‐15% in portal venous oxygen tension,P<0.05). In contrast, no changes in hepatic perfusion and portal venous oxygenation were observed after nitroglycerin infusion. Nitroglycerin did not decrease intrinsic clearance of indocyanine green. These results suggest that vasodilators, rather than vasoconstrictors, might be welcome in the treatment of patients with cirrhosis and portal hype

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1992.tb00952.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTCholestatic hepatocellular carcinoma, which grows into the bile duct and causes obstructive jaundice, is rare and difficult to diagnose. A case is presented in which cholestatic hepatocellular carcinoma was detected by deposit of Lipiodol. This is also the first case that was successfully treated by endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage and transcatheter arterial embolization.

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1992.tb00953.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe transport kinetics of [99mTc]‐pyridoxyl‐5‐methyltryptophan were studied by three‐compartment model analysis for hepatobiliary scintigraphy in 45 patients with chronic viral liver diseases. Three‐compartment model analysis was studied using the time‐activity curves of the regions of the heart, liver, and biliary tract and intestine (excretory compartment). The k12(hepatic uptake rate constant), k21(hepatic efflux rate constant), and ke1(hepatic excretion rate constant) were calculated by the nonlinear least‐squares method. Among the three parameters obtained by model analysis, k12values more prominently differed among diseases and correlated well with blood tests such as total bilirubin, total bile acids, or 15 min retention of ICG. In conclusion, three‐compartment model analysis of the hepatic handling of [99mTc]‐pyridoxyl‐5‐methyltryptophan is useful in evaluating hepatic transport function. k12is the most sensiti

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1992.tb00954.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY