摘要:

AbstractThe effects of cisapride on gastric emptying, oesophageal emptying, and gastrointestinal symptoms were evaluated in 10 patients with dystrophia myotonica who had delayed gastric emptying of the solid and/or liquid component of a meal. A double isotope technique was used to measure gastric emptying and oesophageal emptying was measured as the time taken for a bolus of the solid meal to enter the stomach. Gastrointestinal symptoms were assessed by a questionnaire. Gastric and oesophageal emptying and gastrointestinal symptoms were measured before and when each subject had taken cisapride (10 mg, q.i.d., p.o.) for 4 weeks. Cisapride improved solid gastric emptying, and there was a non‐significant trend for improved liquid emptying. Cisapride had no effect on oesophageal emptying. Upper gastrointestinal symptoms were less after cisapride and there was an increased frequency of bowel actions. No side effects were reported. These results indicate that gastroparesis is a treatable cause of morbidity in dystrophia myotonic

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1987.tb00165.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe role played by gastric acid in stress ulceration following acute quadriplegic injury was examined in the C7 cord transected rat. Gastric acid output was manipulated by intraperitoneal administration of cimetidine (50 mg/kg), pentagastrin (5μg/kg) or saline in equal volumes. In comparison with control values (78 μEq/h per 200 g rat weight), cimetidine significantly decreased (16 μEq/h per 200 g) and pentagastrin increased (156 μEq/h per 200 g) the median gastric acid output. However, while cimetidine also significantly reduced the resultant ulceration, pentagastrin did not significantly enhance the ulceration compared with the control values. Furthermore, there was no correlation between gastric acid output and total ulcer length in any of the groups. It is concluded that while acid plays a permissive role in ulcerogenesis, factors other than acid define the quantity of gastric stress ulceration following acute spinal inj

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1987.tb00166.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTo elucidate the diagnostic significance of serum pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI) in pancreatic diseases, organ distribution of PSTI and abnormalities in serum PSTI were studied. The pancreas showed the highest content of PSTI, which was five times that of the stomach and almost 40 times that of the other organs. Serum PSTI and amylase were elevated in eight patients with acute pancreatitis, 27 and 11 patients of 47 with chronic pancreatitis, 31 and 13 of 36 with pancreatic cancer, and 67 and 62 of 109 with non‐pancreatic disease, respectively. PSTI levels were more sensitive to the presence of pancreatic disease than were amylase levels. The specificities in serum of healthy controls and patients with non‐pancreatic disease were similar for PSTI and amylase (69% vs 71%). In chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer patients the efficiency of the PSTI assay was higher (P<0.02) than the amylase assay (67% vs 63% for pancreatitis and 71% vs 66% for cancer). The sensitivity and efficiency of serum PSTI assay in chronic pancreatic diseases were superior to those of amyl

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1987.tb00167.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRecent reports of the occurrence ofCampylobacter pyloridisin the stomach of patients with gastric ulcer have revived interest in the possible aetiological role of bacteria in this condition. To study the pathogenetic role ofC. pyloridisin gastric ulcer, endoscopic biopsies, at least four from antrum, four from fundus and four, where appropriate, from the ulcer site, were taken from 28 non‐ulcer controls and 67 patients with gastric ulcer before and after complete healing of ulcer, following treatment with either enprostil or cimetidine for up to 8 weeks. The activity of gastritis as assessed by the degree of polymorph infiltration was graded blindly, by two independent pathologists, as nil, mild, moderate or severe. The presence ofC. pyloridiswas determined by smear and culture, and by Warthin Starry stain, and the bacterial density after staining was scored. The occurrence ofC. pyloridisin the gastric antrum was not significantly different in gastric ulcer than in controls but was significantly (P<0.005) more frequent in gastritic than in non‐gastritic mucosa. With gastric ulcer healing the activity of antral gastritis improved significantly (P<0.05). Despite ulcer healing and improvement of gastritis, the frequency of occurrence and the density ofC. pyloridisremained unchanged. It seems thatC. pyloridisoccurs frequently in gastritic mucosa, and does not affect the healing of gastric ulcer or improvement of gastritis, suggesting that it is unlikely to play a major pathogenetic r

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1987.tb00168.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that the prolonged and substantial elevation of gastric pH which can be achieved with the antisecretory agent omeprazole will result in healing of peptic oesophagitis. Eight patients with erosive or ulcerative peptic oesophagitis were treated with omeprazole (30 mg daily) for 8 weeks. Complete healing occurred in seven patients after 8 weeks of omeprazole therapy. Only a small area of residual ulceration persisted in one unhealed patient. Heartburn resolved within the first 2 weeks of therapy in all but one patient. Specific food intolerances also were eliminated in most cases. Post‐prandial oesophageal pH monitoring during omeprazole administration showed abolition of acid reflux episodes (pH<4). This effect appeared to be due solely to the antisecretory effect of omeprazole, since motility measurements demonstrated a continued high frequency of reflux while concurrent gastric pH monitoring showed sustained elevation of gastric pH above 4. These results support the hypothesis that a prolonged and potent inhibition of gastric acid secretion renders refluxed gastric juice sufficiently innocuous to allow healing of severe peptic oesophagiti

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1987.tb00169.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA 38 year old man with a huge liver cell adenoma extending to the pelvis was treated by left lateral lobectomy. The tumour, which was well‐encapsulated by fibrous membrane, was 18 × 19 × 6 cm in size and weighed 1500g. Histopathologically, this tumour was composed of well‐differentiated liver cell trabeculae and a small number of pseudobiliary ducts, but no Glisson sheaths. For the past 4 years 8 months he has remained asymptomatic. Thirty cases of liver cell adenoma found in Japanese literature are reviewed here and possible pathogenic implications are disc

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1987.tb00170.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOn the basis of tests for specific IgM class antibodies in the serum, infections by hepatitis A virus, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis non‐A, non‐B virus accounted for 7%, 37.8% and 54.2% respectively of 286 cases of acute sporadic viral hepatitis in adults from three different regions of India. Epstein‐Barr virus and cytomegalo virus were insignificant (0.5–1%) aetiological agents. Approximately one‐quarter of all non‐A, non‐B (NANB) cases were additionally HBsAg carriers; there were significant differences in regional frequencies. NANB hepatitis commonly affected individuals in the mid‐fourth decade and occurred throughout the year with small peaks in different seasons. No antigen‐antibody reaction could be demonstrated in various immunological tests including radioimmunobinding using acute and convalescent phase sera. Neither were virus‐like particles visualized in acute phase sera on electron and immuno‐electron microscopy. However, rhesus monkeys inoculated with acute phase serum from a case of NANB hepatitis developed distinct hepatocellular changes at 43–55 days after inoculation, which had some features of similarity with experimental NANB hepatitis of other simian species. Sporadic NANB hepatitis is a major health problem throughout India and intensive study is needed on its epi

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1987.tb00171.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1987.tb00172.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThirty‐seven patients with amoebic liver abscess and 20 controls were studied for their nutritional status. Their dietary history suggested deficient intake of total calories, protein, fat, Vitamin A and β carotene. No significant difference was observed in the levels of iron intake in patients and controls.Biochemical parameters suggested a hypoproteinemic state associated with low levels of cholesterol, VLDLc, HDLc, Vitamin A, β carotene, iron and TIBC in the patients in comparison to controls. The protein electrophoresis pattern showed an increase in α1, α2, and γ fractions in patients compared with controls, whereas the albumin fraction was reduced.On the basis of these findings and previously published experimental studies, it is suggested that amoebic liver abscess in human subjects is associated with undernutrition due to a poorly balanced diet. Thus, undernutrition may facilitate invasive amoebiasis

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1987.tb00173.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwenty‐one patients with retained stones after biliary surgery were managed by endoscopic sphincterotomy and stone extraction in the postoperative period. The bile duct was cleared of stones in 20 patients (95%). In one patient stone extraction was unsuccessful. There were no complications. Compared to percutaneous trans‐T‐tube tract stone extraction, endoscopic sphincterotomy does not require a 6 week waiting period. Endoscopic sphincterotomy should be considered for retained bile duct stones if endoscopic expertise is avai

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1987.tb00174.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY