摘要:

AbstractFunctional upper gut symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain, are a continuing challenge in gastroenterological practice. This article considers the approaches applied in recent years to evaluate motor function in the upper gut including manometry and radio‐nuclide transit studies, and symptom‐provocation tests such as balloon distension and pharmacologic stimulation.An approach is proposed that is based on positive symptomatic diagnosis of the disturbed pathophysiologic state, followed by treatment of this disturbance of function after a minimum of confirmatory investigati

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1986.tb00123.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis report investigates the possibility that inappropriate lymphocyte responses to wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), a mitogen found in wheat which influences proliferation of and immunoglobulin (Ig) synthesis by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), may account for some of the immunological dysfunction noted in coeliac disease. The PBMC were prepared from healthy controls and 16 patients with coeliac disease who had received a gluten‐free diet for periods of 1 month to over 20 years. There was no difference in the proliferative responses of PBMC from the patients and normal subjects to optimal mitogenic concentrations of phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) or Concanavalin A (Con A), but the responses of the cells of the patients to pokeweed mitogen (PWM) and to a suboptimal concentration of Con A were reduced. The proliferative response induced by WGA in PBMC from treated coeliac patients was significantly depressed compared with controls. The synthesis of Ig by PWM‐stimulated PBMC, and the Con A induced suppression of this synthesis, was the same in cultures of PBMC from the patients or the controls. There was no difference in the effect of WGA on Ig synthesis between the patients and controls. It is concluded that there is no difference in the effect of WGA on Ig synthesis by PBMC from coeliac disease patients or controls, but that lymphocytes from coeliac disease patients proliferate poorly in response to

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1986.tb00124.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effect of a low dose of omeprazole on intragastric acidity and fasting plasma gastrin concentration was measured in eight subjects with duodenal ulcer in remission. Intragastric acidity was measured during a baseline 24 h period. This was then repeated after 14 days of dosage with 10 mg of omeprazole administered daily, either in the morning or the evening, using a randomized, double‐blind cross‐over design. The median 24 h pH level rose significantly from a baseline of 1.6, to 3.1 and 3.5 during morning and evening dosages, respectively. However, variability in the response to this dose was substantial: three subjects exhibited no discernible change in 24 h median acidity on two occasions, while in others it was reduced by greater than 99%. Fasting plasma gastrin concentrations were not significantly altered by the administration of 10 mg of omeprazole daily for 2 we

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1986.tb00125.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDisease activity and regional extent of disease was studied in 20 patients with inflammatory bowel disease (13 with Crohn's disease and seven with ulcerative colitis). Autologous white cells from patients and controls were labelled with99mTc‐stannous colloid, reinjected, and the faecal excretion of the labelled leucocytes was assessed over 48 h. In patients with Crohn's disease, the faecal excretion correlated with severity of disease as judged by the Harvey‐Bradshaw index. In 18 of the 20 patients the extent of the inflammatory bowel disease as indicated by the scan image corresponded with the radiological and colonoscopic findings. The99mTc‐stannous colloid label has advantages over indium‐111 and the faecal excretion of labelled leucocytes has potential as a simple, objective measure of disease a

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1986.tb00126.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPeripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 16 chronic hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers and from 10 immune individuals (anti‐HBs and/or anti‐HBc core antigen positive) were studied for their ability to synthesize antibody to hepatitis B viral antigensin vitro. Pokeweed mitogen (PWM)‐stimulated B lymphocytes from carriers, synthesized polyclonal IgG and IgM normally but did not synthesize detectable antibody to HBsAg (anti‐HBs) even in the presence of T lymphocyte help and the absence of T lymphocyte suppression from immune individuals. In contrast, B lymphocytes from 80% of immune individuals synthesized anti‐HBsin vitro.In cell‐mixing experiments, T lymphocytes from carriers were found to provide normal helper function for immunoglobulin and anti‐HBs production by B lymphocytes from immune individuals. In addition, the degree of suppressor T lymphocyte activity of chronic carriers was not sufficient to explain the lack of anti‐HBs production.The effect of purified HBsAg on anti‐HBs synthesis by PBMC from immune individuals was determined. Incubating PBMC for periods ranging from 10 min to 10 days in the presence of concentrations of HBsAg varying from 10 pg/ml to 10 μg/ml had no effect on the synthesis of anti‐HBs by PBMC. These results suggest that chronic HBsAg carriers lack circulating B lymphocytes capable of producing anti‐HBs and that this cannot be explained by the presence of large amount

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1986.tb00127.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIdiopathic (non‐cirrhotic) portal hypertension is one of the major problems in developing countries, but the aetiology is not known. Two sisters with idiopathic portal hypertension diagnosed by percutaneous transhepatic catheterization of the portal vein and liver biopsy are reported. Both patients had large spontaneous portal‐systemic shunts. This seems to be the first report of a familial aggregation of this disor

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1986.tb00128.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractGlycoprotein synthesis by the gall‐bladder was studied during cholesterol gallstone formation in mice fed a diet supplemented with 1% cholesterol and 0.5% cholic acid for up to 6 weeks. Within 1 week, this lithogenic diet induced a 5 fold increase in the cholesterol saturation of gall‐bladder bile, which remained near‐saturated for the next 5 weeks. Cholesterol gallstones were infrequent until the fourth week of the diet. Glycoprotein synthesis was measured as the incorporation of3H‐glucosamine by mouse gall‐bladder explants in organ culture and was found to double after 4 weeks of the diet when expressed per gall‐bladder. This increase could be explained by a marked enlargement of the gall‐bladder with a greater number of mucus‐secreting cells. Gall‐bladder glycoprotein synthesis and secretion did not appear to be regulated by prostaglandins, since indomethacin blocked prostaglandin synthesis but did not inhibit glycoprotein synthesis. High molecular weight mucin glycoprotein accounted for around one‐third of gall‐bladder glycoprotein secretion.These results are consistent with the hypothesis that gall‐bladder mucin acts as a nucleating agent for cholesterol crystal and gallstone formation. However, this mouse model for cholesterol gallstone formation is different from the prairie dog model, not only in dietary requirements, but also in the effect of the diet on the gall‐bladder, and possibly in the mechanism of regulation of gall‐bladder

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1986.tb00129.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRecent reports have suggested that the serum concentration of procollagen‐III‐peptide (PPCP III) reliably reflects the degree of hepatic fibrosis but the topic remains controversial. Serum PPCP III levels have been measured in 40 patients with chronic hepatitis or schistosomiasis. In five patients both diseases were present. The relationship between serum PPCP III levels, hepatic fibrosis and disease activity have been studied histologically and biochemically. The mean serum concentration of PPCP III in patients with chronic hepatitis and in those with active liver disease was significantly higher than that in patients with inactive liver disease. In patients with chronic hepatitis only, serum PPCP III levels correlated with fibrosis, inflammation, and necrosis and also with the combined histological scores. When patients with schistosomiasis as well as hepatitis were included, significant correlations were still observed. In patients with schistosomiasis only, the serum PPCP III levels varied widely and did not correlate with disease activity or with the degree of inflammation, necrosis and fibrosis, either separately or combined. Serum PPCP III concentrations only correlated with serum aspartate amino transferase levels when the patient groups were combined. Serial measurements in 21 patients showed that PPCP III levels varied widely over a short period of time, and that these fluctuations did not significantly correlate with the respective changes in serum AST levels.In conclusion, serum PPCP III concentrations do not reliably reflect hepatic fibrosis, they are influenced by inflammation and activity of the disease, and they probably reflect the end result of the metabolic state of collagen in the liver, that is the combined effect of synthesis and degradat

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1986.tb00130.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY