摘要:

The diagnostic value of computed tomography (CT) scans in small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (2 cm, but the detection rate was only 25% for lesions<1.5 cm. Diagnostic failure was due to isodensity of the mass and to technical artefacts. Diagnosis of the surrounding capsule and internal septa (partition) and demonstration of the typical pattern of density enhancement by dynamic scan proved useful in differentiating HCC from secondary cancers. On unenhanced CT, the density of the interior was subject to the histological changes of tumour such as bleeding, necrosis and fatty metamorphosis. Similarly, enhanced CT showed density changes suggestive of these histological changes. Dynamic scan proved particularly useful for lesions<3 cm because the typical density enhancement was frequently demonstrated in the arterial phase. It was concluded that unenhanced CT combined with dynamic scan has a high diagnostic value in small HCC and reflects histological changes.

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1989.tb01736.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Blood glucose, plasma insulin and free fatty acids (FFA) responses, during the 2 h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with 75 g of dextrose, were measured in 30 consecutive patients with acute enterically transmitted non‐A, non‐B hepatitis. All of these parameters during the OGTT were compared with 10 age‐, sex‐ and weight‐matched healthy volunteers from the same community.The fasting blood sugar, insulin and FFA were not different from normal controls (P>0.05). According to the WHO criteria, the blood glucose response during OGTT in these patients was normal in 23%, impaired in 33% and diabetic in 43%. There was significant hyperinsulinaemia (P<0.001) in patients with impaired and diabetic GGT and it persisted even at the end of 2 h.None of the abnormal liver function tests correlated with blood sugar, insulin and FFA response during the OGTT.All abnormal responses during the OGTT were, however, transient and returned to normal in all the patients after the recovery from acute

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1989.tb01737.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The occurrence of antibodies to interferon‐α2a(anti‐IFN‐α2a) to recombinant human IFN‐α2awas examined in chronic liver disease by a sensitive enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Naturally occurring IgG and/or IgM anti‐IFN‐α2awere found in one of 12 cases of chronic persistent hepatitis, four of 18 cases of chronic active hepatitis (CAH), two of 12 cases of liver cirrhosis, six of seven cases of primary biliary cirrhosis, nine of 11 cases of auto‐immune CAH and none of 21 normal control subjects. Fifteen patients with viral CAH were treated with recombinant IFN‐α2a. Two of them were positive prior to receipt of IFN‐α2aand their titres increased after the therapy. Two patients became positive for anti‐IFN‐α2aafter the therapy. Absorption experiments revealed that anti‐IFN‐α2across‐reacted with native human leucocyte IFN‐α and recombinant IFN‐α2bbut not with recombinant IFN‐β and ‐γ. The immunoblotting experiment confirmed the binding of antibodies to IFN. The results of anti‐IFN‐α2aobtained by antiviral, cytopathic effect assay were in good agreement with those of IgG anti‐IFN‐α2a, but not with those of IgM antibodies obtained by the ELISA. The ELISA described in the present study is a simple, sensitive and quantitative assay for anti‐IFN‐α2a. It should be useful in assessing sub‐specificities of anti‐IFN and provide valuable information to predict the effect of IFN the

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1989.tb01738.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Thein vitrobinding of125I‐labelled human α‐interferon to peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 13 patients with chronic hepatitis B during interferon therapy was assayed in order to identify changes in the number of interferon receptors during treatment. Nine patients were treated with human α‐interferon (Hu α‐IFN) or human β‐interferon (Hu β‐IFN) daily for 4 weeks. During therapy, receptor sites per cell decreased by 40%. Two weeks after therapy ceased, this number had returned to the pretreatment level. The other four patients were given Hu α‐IFN daily for 2 weeks, no injections for 2 weeks, and daily injections for 2 weeks. During both periods of therapy, receptor sites decreased by 40%. The number increased to 94% of the pretreatment level 1 week after the first period and to 101% 2 weeks later. It was 80% 1 week after the second period of injections and

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1989.tb01739.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Neurotensin (NT), a 13‐amino acid peptide, is released from the ileum following a meal. It is metabolized principally by the kidney and in the circulation toN‐terminal fragments and apparently rapidly degradedC‐terminal fragments. The present study was designed to compare the biological activity (plasma pancreatic polypeptide response) and the clearance kinetics of NT(1‐13), theN‐terminal fragment NT(1‐11) and theC‐terminal fragment NT(8‐13). To measure accurately the circulating concentrations of short‐lived NT fragments in the circulation, a method was devised of collecting blood directly into alcohol (

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1989.tb01740.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The aim of this study was to define better the motor phenomena associated with the slowing of gastric emptying by a duodenal lipid infusion. Antral, pyloric and duodenal motility were recorded in 10 healthy subjects with a manometric assembly which incorporated multiple perfused side‐holes and a sleeve sensor positioned astride the pylorus. The gastric emptying of a standard solid meal and the distribution of the ingesta between the proximal and distal stomach were monitored with a radionuclide technique. A triglyceride emulsion was infused into the duodenum for 45 min once 25% of the meal had emptied. The infusion caused significant slowing in the rate of gastric emptying (P<0.01). This slowing in gastric emptying was associated with the suppression of pressure waves in the distal antrum (P<0.01) and proximal duodenum (P<0.01), the induction of pressure waves isolated to a narrow pyloric segment (P<0.01), and a redistribution of ingesta from the distal to proximal stomach. These findings suggest that pressure waves isolated to the pylorus, changes in the intragastric distribution of ingested food, and changes in proximal duodenal motility may all act in concert with changes in antral motility to regulate the gastric emptying of solid

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1989.tb01741.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1989.tb01742.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The management of liver transplant patients after discharge is a complex balance between immunosuppression and the side‐effects and toxicity of such medications. The Queensland Liver Transplant Service (QLTX) has performed 72 transplants in 67 patients; 49 patients (73%) are alive. The actuarial 1‐year survival rate is 72%. Death after the first year in patients transplanted for benign HBsAg negative disease has not occurred. The most common technical complications are biliary stenosis and hepatic artery thrombosis. Long‐term immunosuppression is with cyclosporin and low dose prednisolone. Regular trough cyclosporin levels and liver function tests are vital. The most limiting side‐effect of cyclosporin is nephrotoxicity. Constant vigilance, aggressive investigation, and management of pyrexia and biochemical liver dysfunction by the primary care physician in consultation with the transplant team will ultimately determine long‐term outcome. The principles and important details of the management of these patients by the QLTX are presented as a guide to referring prac

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1989.tb01743.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1989.tb01744.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0815-9319    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.1989.tb01745.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY