摘要:

Health care professionals' ratings of their perceptions and practices of the components of family-centered care were examined to determine possible barriers to practice at a western Canadian children's hospital. A significant and large difference was found between health care professionals' perceptions and practices of family-centered care using the Family-Centered Care Questionnaire-Revised (FCCQ-R; Bruce, 1993)(p<.001). Older participants had higher scores on the Practices scale. Participants with post--secondary education as their highest level of education-predominately registered nurses--and physicians also scored lower on the Perceptions scale of the FCCQ-R. In contrast, nurses has higher overall scores on the Perceptions scale of the FCCQ-R. Professionals in staff positions as opposed to educational or administrative positions also scored lower on the Perceptions scale. Bachelor's-and master's-prepared health care professionals had significantly higher perceptions scores on the FCCQ-R. Perceptions were found to account for the majority of the variance in the regression equation of practices of family-centered care, as measured by the FCCQ-R. The findings suggest that education, knowledge, experience, and employment position influence health care professionals' abilities to practice family-centered care. The 'dilemma of helping' (Dunst, Trivette, Davis,&Cornwall, 1988) is proposed as an explanation for these findings.

ISSN:0273-9615    

DOI:10.1207/s15326888chc2503_1

出版商:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This study assessed medical residents' perceptions of their overall competence to provide primary care to pediatric AIDS patients. On a 7-point Likert scale, residents in pediatric (n=260) and family practice (n=161) training programs across the United States rated their educational preparedness and training experiences in AIDS care in 9 areas. Respondents were predominantly White (74%) and female (53%). completing their 3rd year of training (94%) at a university-affiliated program (87%), with a mean age of 31. Overall, 98% of the residents had treated HIV-infected and AIDS-infected patients. Repeated-measures multivariate analyses of variance were used to identify significant differences between the two specialties on 9 areas of curricular training and two patient age groups (pediatric and adolescent). Perceptions of the residents concerning their preparedness to diagnose HIV and AIDS treat AIDS-related illnesses, treat AIDS patients and their overall level of competence to provide AIDS primary care for pediatric and adolescent patients is discussed. There appears to be a need for further AIDS-related educational experiences in residency training programs.

ISSN:0273-9615    

DOI:10.1207/s15326888chc2503_2

出版商:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Fifty-five parents of children with cancer participating in a longitudinal prospective study of adjustment to treatment were assessed in 6 months postdiagnosis. Initial parent depressive symptoms subsided somewhat, but depressive symptoms remained a problem for subset of parents whose initial response was in the moderate-to-severe range of depressive symptoms. Spouse support, in the form of instrumental support. along with the number of general behavioral problems exhibited by children were most strongly predictive of persistent disruption to parent mood. The results suggest that parents who report moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms might benefit from early intervention that includes behavioral strategies to improve child behavior and encouragement of a greater level of spouse involvement in caregiving tasks.

ISSN:0273-9615    

DOI:10.1207/s15326888chc2503_3

出版商:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This study surveyed employment practices and trends among child life programs in the United States. A total of 205 programs responded to the survey for a participation rate of 70%. Information about current and projected gains and losses in the number of child life positions available, staff background and qualifications, job applicants and the search process, staff salary ranges and fringe benefits, length of employment, and staff turnover is presented. The findings generally present a positive and cautiously optimistic outlook for the field of child life tempered by uncertainties associated with impending changes in heath care administration.

ISSN:0273-9615    

DOI:10.1207/s15326888chc2503_4

出版商:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This study examined the efficacy of a school-based exercise and nutrition program with a parent component. Second-grade and fourth-grade classrooms were assigned randomly to a treatment and a control group. The school-based treatment program focused on decreasing fat and cholesterol intake and increasingly physical activity with a parent educational component. Children in the treatment group scored significantly higher and demonstrated greater improvement on fitness/nutrition knowledge and on vegetable and fruit servings. Parents who participated in the intervention increased their scores on the fitness/nutrition knowledge test. There also was a significant association between degree of family involvement, higher grain servings, and lower cholesterol intake. The results within the study limitations were interpreted to suggest that the program was primarily effective in enhancing knowledge changes for both children and their parents.

ISSN:0273-9615    

DOI:10.1207/s15326888chc2503_5

出版商:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor