摘要:

In a previous publication, we reported on the effects of 10 mg/kg i.m. injections of methaqualone on behavioral changes in treated animals and untreated members of a well-established colony of 10 rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). The drug showed a biphasic effect, causing more passive behaviors in the first 80–100 min postinjection, followed by either aggression or increased sexual activity. After approximately 2 h, the social status and behavior of all animals returned to predrug levels.In general, affiliative activities increased under the influence of the drug, phenomena somewhat parallel to those described among humans taking methaqualone in group settings. We also speculated that the drug may have an aphrodisiac potency.In the present experiments, 3 animals were caged together and injected simultaneously with the dose used earlier: an adult but naive male, who had been caged alone from infancy; an adult and subadult female, the 2 latter having had extensive social experience. After establishing baseline behaviors, five experiments with methaqualone were conducted, each lasting for 2 h; and after the 2nd and 4th experiments, saline controls were carried out. There was a continuous increase from experiment to experiment in the affiliative behaviors of the animals; but during the saline trials, their behaviors returned nearly to those exhibited during baseline studies. Under the influence of methaqualone, the naive male attempted to copulate, which he achieved by the 4th drug trial; and at the same time he established his dominance. The conclusion was reached that methaqualone, indeed, has aphrodisiac potency, best measured by the time the male spent with erection under the influence of the drug, as compared with no erection during the baseline studies or the saline trials. The biphasic effect of methaqualone on behavior reported in the previous review [1] was also observed during the present experiments.

ISSN:0006-8977    

DOI:10.1159/000121780

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Thalamic projections to visual areas 17, 18 and 19, and neighboring supra-sylvian cortex have been studied using the HRP method. Area 17 receives fibers mostly from the main laminae of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (GLd). Area 18 receives inputs mainly from the central and medial interlaminar nuclei (NIC, NIM), and partly from laminae of GLd. Area 19 receives fibers principally from lamina B (C1–C2) and NIM of GLd. In addition, areas 17, 18 and 19 receive a few fibers from extrageniculate thalamic nuclei, particularly the pulvinar and intralaminar nuclei.

ISSN:0006-8977    

DOI:10.1159/000121781

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Thalamic projections to visual areas 17, 18 and 19, and neighboring supra-sylvian cortex have been studied using the HRP method. Area 17 receives fibers mostly from the main laminae of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (GLd). Area 18 receives inputs mainly from the central and medial interlaminar nuclei (NIC, NIM), and partly from laminae of GLd. Area 19 receives fibers principally from lamina B (C1–C2) and NIM of GLd. In addition, areas 17, 18 and 19 receive a few fibers from extrageniculate thalamic nuclei, particularly the pulvinar and intralaminar nuclei.

ISSN:0006-8977    

DOI:10.1159/000121782

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Using the horseradish peroxidase technique on the North American opossum, we were able to locate the neurons within the dorsal column and lateral cuneate nuclei which innervate the cerebellum and thalamus as well as those within the dorsal column nuclei which project spinalward. The medial and lateral cuneate nuclei supply axons to the anterior lobe, the paramedian lobule and the pyramis of the cerebellum and the lateral cuneate nucleus provides an additional projection to the uvula. The cerebellar projections from these nuclei arise from neurons located rostral to the obex. The thalamic projections from the gracile and medial cuneate nuclei originate from neurons throughout their rostral to caudal extent, although most of them are located just rostral to the obex. Neurons within the lateral cuneate nucleus which innervate the thalamus are found at intermediate rostrocaudal levels where most of them approximate the medial cuneate nucleus. The medial cuneate also projects to at least lumbar levels of the spinal cord in the opossum and neurons giving rise to such connections are found at the level of the obex and caudal to it. Neurons within the dorsal part of the dorsal column nuclei were labelled only after thalamic injections. Our results in the opossum are compared with those obtained in several placental mammals.

ISSN:0006-8977    

DOI:10.1159/000121783

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The somatotopic organization of climbing fibers (CF) elicited by natural stimulation was determined for the intermediate zone of lobule V of Macaca fascicularis. In monkeys anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital, extracellular recordings of single Purkinje cells with CF responses were evaluated by gentle taps to the body and by computer-controlled punctate stimuli. Of the 311 Purkinje cells studied, 53% had CF responses elicited by cutaneous stimulation whereas the remaining cells were unresponsive. The entire ipsilateral, dorsal surface of the forelimb, face, and the oral cavity were represented in the intermediate zone. The topographic organization consisted of three 1.5–3 mm wide parasagittal bands of cells: a forelimb band medially, then a face band, and an unresponsive zone laterally. Most receptive fields in the forelimb band involved portions of the wrist, hand, and digits, although shoulder, arm, and forearm were also represented. The receptive fields of the hand usually included more than 1 digit and only a few fields contained the thumb. Most responses in the face band were elicited by stimulation of areas innervated by the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve, although some responses were produced by stimulating areas related to the ophthalmic and maxillary divisions and to the anterior cutaneous nerve. Cells with similar receptive fields tended to be grouped together. The somatotopic CF organization of the monkey differed in many ways from the arrangement in the cat.

ISSN:0006-8977    

DOI:10.1159/000121784

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The somatotopic organization of climbing fibers (CF) elicited by natural stimulation was determined for the intermediate zone of lobule V of Macaca fascicularis. In monkeys anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital, extracellular recordings of single Purkinje cells with CF responses were evaluated by gentle taps to the body and by computer-controlled punctate stimuli. Of the 311 Purkinje cells studied, 53% had CF responses elicited by cutaneous stimulation whereas the remaining cells were unresponsive. The entire ipsilateral, dorsal surface of the forelimb, face, and the oral cavity were represented in the intermediate zone. The topographic organization consisted of three 1.5–3 mm wide parasagittal bands of cells: a forelimb band medially, then a face band, and an unresponsive zone laterally. Most receptive fields in the forelimb band involved portions of the wrist, hand, and digits, although shoulder, arm, and forearm were also represented. The receptive fields of the hand usually included more than 1 digit and only a few fields contained the thumb. Most responses in the face band were elicited by stimulation of areas innervated by the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve, although some responses were produced by stimulating areas related to the ophthalmic and maxillary divisions and to the anterior cutaneous nerve. Cells with similar receptive fields tended to be grouped together. The somatotopic CF organization of the monkey differed in many ways from the arrangement in the cat.

ISSN:0006-8977    

DOI:10.1159/000315983

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger