摘要:

The inferior colliculus is a nucleus of obligatory synapse in the ascending brain stem auditory pathways. Projections from the inferior colliculus in primates and insectivores are similar to that demonstrated in other mammals, with short direct projections to the external nucleus of the colliculus and adjacent regions of the central gray and superior colliculus ipsilaterally, and fibers crossing in the commissure of the colliculus to innervate the contralateral central and external nuclei. Long projection fibers enter the brachium of the inferior colliculus bilaterally, but the projection is markedly heavier on the side ipsilateral to the lesion. Brachial fibers supply terminals to two regions of the rostral midbrain tegmentum, the parabrachial area and the interstitial nucleus of the inferior brachium. On reaching the thalamus, brachial fibers bypass the caudal tip of the medial geniculate, but arborize to form a dense plexus of axons and terminals throughout the remainder of the principal nucleus of the geniculate and the entire internal division on the ipsilateral side. A lighter and more restricted projection to the opposite medial geniculate is seen in all primates, and particularly in the hedgehog. The small size of the contralateral tectothalamic pathway in the hedgehog is the only significant species difference noted in this study.

ISSN:0006-8977    

DOI:10.1159/000125675

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The inferior colliculus is a nucleus of obligatory synapse in the ascending brain stem auditory pathways. Projections from the inferior colliculus in primates and insectivores are similar to that demonstrated in other mammals, with short direct projections to the external nucleus of the colliculus and adjacent regions of the central gray and superior colliculus ipsilaterally, and fibers crossing in the commissure of the colliculus to innervate the contralateral central and external nuclei. Long projection fibers enter the brachium of the inferior colliculus bilaterally, but the projection is markedly heavier on the side ipsilateral to the lesion. Brachial fibers supply terminals to two regions of the rostral midbrain tegmentum, the parabrachial area and the interstitial nucleus of the inferior brachium. On reaching the thalamus, brachial fibers bypass the caudal tip of the medial geniculate, but arborize to form a dense plexus of axons and terminals throughout the remainder of the principal nucleus of the geniculate and the entire internal division on the ipsilateral side. A lighter and more restricted projection to the opposite medial geniculate is seen in all primates, and particularly in the hedgehog. The small size of the contralateral tectothalamic pathway in the hedgehog is the only significant species difference noted in this study.

ISSN:0006-8977    

DOI:10.1159/000125676

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Ventral (V) portions of the lateral (NL) and medial (NM) cerebellar nuclei contain a predominant population of small cells which have been tentatively designated as subnuclei in the cat by FLOOD and JANSEN. Based on their afferent and efferent connections, it is suggested that the V-NL and V-NM represent relay centers for cerebellar and vestibular regulation of extraocular movement. The V-NL receives input from the flocculonodular cortex as well as primary and secondary vestibulocerebellar fibers and projects directly to the oculomotor and trochlear complexes via the ascending limb of the brachium conjunctivum. The V-NM may be a relay center for indirect influence on the oculomotor, trochlear and abducens motor nuclei since it projects to these cell groups following relay of its output through the superior and medial vestibular nuclei. These observations do not exclude the possibility that other areas of the NL and/or NM may also influence eye movement, or that V-NL and V-NM may relay data in addition to that proposed.

ISSN:0006-8977    

DOI:10.1159/000125683

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The corticospinal tract in the kangaroo crosses in the lower medulla to run chiefly in the ventral part of the opposite dorsal funiculus. It terminates in the adjacent grey matter of the medial parts of laminae III–VI inclusive. The tract does not extend below mid-thoracic levels. In the above respects, the kangaroo corticospinal tract is similar to that described for other marsupials and the eutherian tree shrew. Some of our results indicate that the area of cortical origin of the tract is relatively more restricted in the kangaroo than in other marsupials that have been studie

ISSN:0006-8977    

DOI:10.1159/000125684

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

EEG was recorded from the dorsal hippocampus of adult albino rats during aggressive interactions with experienced dominant conspecifics. During the encounters, immobility of the recorded animal in all postures of defense or submission was accompanied by hippocampal large irregular activity (LIA) even when the dominant opponent was threatening or attacking, and, in a few instances, actually biting the animal. LIA was also recorded during the movements of autogrooming, allogrooming and ''waxy'' postural shifts, whereas RSA (rhythmical slow activity) accompanied all other recorded movements including ''boxing'' with forepaws, evasive movements, postural shifts, and walking. The results suggest that during aggressive encounters the pattern of hippocampal EEG activity depends closely upon the topography of ongoing motor behavior.

ISSN:0006-8977    

DOI:10.1159/000125685

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The vagus nerve was transected proximal to the ganglion in Rana pipiens, Rana catesbeiana and Xenopus mülleri.Degeneration, seen with the Nauta and Fink-Heimer I methods, was identical in the two species of Rana and this pattern formed the major portion of that seen in Xenopus. The medial group of X nerve fibers entered the fasciculus solitarius, with some fibers ascending, but the majority descending to the level of the obex where some decussation was seen. The lateral group of X fibers descend within the descending trigeminal tract to cervical spinal levels, at which point fibers formed a cap over the dorsal horn. Terminals were seen adjacent to the dorsal horn. In addition, terminal degeneration was seen on small cells located just ventral to the descending trigeminal tract. These two components appear to constitute the afferent visceral and somatic components of the vagus.In Xenopus, whose adult form retains a lateral line, a third component was seen entering the dorsal zone of the area acoustico-lateralis and ascending to the cerebellar nucleus

ISSN:0006-8977    

DOI:10.1159/000125686

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0006-8977    

DOI:10.1159/000125669

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger