摘要:

Recently, ketanserin (serotonin receptor antagonist) has been reported to be beneficial in the treatment of preeclampsia. In this study, we investigated the effects of ketanserin on the placental blood flow, fetal weight and placental weight in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY). We measured the rats’ placental blood flow by monitoring the clearance of hydrogen gas generated by electrolysis. In ketanserin (12, 24, 48 mg/kg)-treated SHR, systolic blood pressure was significantly decreased. The placental blood flow was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced compared to that before treatment in WKY and SHR. The fetal weight decreased dose dependently in WKY, while in SHR it did not decrease significantly. The placental weight of ketanserin-treated rats decreased compared to that before treatment. These data suggest that ketanserin might have some reducing effects on placental blood flow, fetal weight and placental weight proportional to the dose.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292996

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues (GnRH-a) are currently used in combination with gonadotropins in ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization programs (IVF). The present study aims at evaluating the treatment cycles for IVF for which human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG) was initiated only when pituitary desensitization was confirmed regardless of the time of GnRH-a administration. Two groups of patients were examined. Patients in group A (n = 46) were commenced with HMG treatment on day 15 when E2 level was < 40 pg/ ml. Group B patients (n = 27) comprised the cycle treatments in which E2 levels were > 40 pg/ml on day 15. In these cases HMG was first given when E2 levels declined to < 40 pg/ml. The fertilization rate was similar in both A and B groups, 71.6 and 67.7% respectively. The pregnancy rate per transfer was 27.5 and 34.6% in group A and B respectively. Multiple pregnancies were found at 18.1 % in group A versus 44.4% in group B. It is concluded that postponement of HMG administration in patients with high levels of E2 on day 15 after GnRH-a administration seems to offer an improvement in embryo cleavage speed, pregnancy rate and multiple pregnancies.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292997

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Positive affinity chromatography on heparin-Sepharose has proved a most crucial step in the purification of pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A). In this chromatographic procedure, PAPP-A was purified almost 500-fold from term pregnancy serum. Further purification was achieved by gel filtration and negative immunoaffinity chromatography. Both PAPP-A and free heparin inhibited granulocyte elastase (HGE) activity. Whereas free heparin inhibited only in hypotonic buffers, PAPP-A inhibited HGE in hypertonic buffers also. However, PAPP-A did not inhibit other proteases (trypsin, chymotrypsin, plasmin, fibroblast collagenase) or proteolytic cascades (complement activation). Since heparin was not detected in the purified PAPP-A, the inhibition of HGE was not due to desorbed or leeched heparin ligand.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292998

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Thyroid function at 24–28 weeks gestation was compared between 26 mothers with hyperthyroidism (16 on antithyroid treatment and 10 in remission without treatment) and 15 normal pregnant controls. There was no difference in the total and free thyroxine (TT4 and FT4) or in the total and free triiodothyronine (TT3 and FT3) concentrations, but the erythrocyte zinc (RBC Zn) concentration was significantly lower in the study group (187.3 ± 46.6 μmol/l RBC versus 223.6 ± 3.7 μmol/l RBC, p < 0.01). In the study group, both birth weight and gestation at delivery were significantly correlated with TT3 (r = ––0.500, p < 0.02 and r = ––0.460, p < 0.05, respectively) as well as with RBC Zn (r = 0.473, p < 0.02 and r = 0.573, p < 0.01, respectively). The results suggest that plasma concentration of TT3 and of RBC Zn at 24–28 weeks gestation may be helpful prognostic factors in the management of pregnant patients with hyperthyroidism.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292999

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Nutritional indicators such as prepregnant weight or weight increase during pregnancy are often difficult to use in developing countries. The value of the mid-upper-arm circumference was therefore analyzed in a study of 833 Mozambican gravidae, mainly seen at community level. Arm circumference was associated with both the estimated prepregnancy weight (p < 0.0001) and the arm muscle circumference (p < 0.0001). Of the studied women, 4% had an arm circumference below 23 cm, and 69% of these women had an estimated prepregnant weight for height below 85 % of standard. An arm circumference below 25 cm was encountered in 24% of the studied group, and 11 out of these 24% were below 85% of estimated prepregnancy weight for height. In Mozambican gravidae a mid-upper-arm circumference below 25 cm is a warning of malnutrition and below 23 cm is a strong indicator of malnutrition.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000293000

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Terbutaline, a betamimetic drug, is used as bolus of 0.25 mg intravenously to inhibit uterine activity when encountered with uterine hyperstimulation and associated fetal heart rate changes. The effect of terbutaline used as a nebuliser in 1- and 2-mg doses on uterine activity in labor was investigated. It did not show any significant inhibition of the uterine activity in spontaneous term labor. Although convenient and easy to administer especially in an emergency, 1 or 2 mg terbutaline used in the form of nebuliser did not give the desired effect like 0.25 mg of terbutaline given intravenously for inhibition of uterine activity in term labor.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000293001

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In order to determine whether there is a correlation between meteorological factors and the occurrence of hypertensive disorders, vaginal bleeding during pregnancy and premature rupture of the fetal membranes, we stratified all the patients hospitalized with such complications between the years 1984 and 1988 by the months of occurrence, weather, humidity and heat. During this period, there were 276 women hospitalized with exacerbation of hypertension and toxemia, 349 because of vaginal bleeding during pregnancy and 35 women following premature rupture of the fetal membrane between 30 and 33 weeks of gestation. The occurrence of pre-eclampsia and exacerbation of pregnancy-induced hypertension was significantly increased in the winter months (p < 0.001).

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000293002

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The possible interaction of the newly developed triazole antifungal SCH 39304 with low-dose combined oral contraceptives (OCs) was studied in 15 healthy women. Serum levels of ovarian and adrenocortical steroids and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) were analyzed in samples collected during the OC cycles immediately before, during and after the administration of SCH 39304. The drug was given as a single 400-mg oral dose on day 7 in the second cycle. SCH 39304 did not interfere with the ovulatory inhibitory action of low-dose combined OCs as judged from serum progesterone values. Administration of SCH 39304 caused minor decreases in serum SHBG, cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate. The mechanism(s) behind these minor changes is not known.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000293003

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The possible link between oral contraceptives (OCs) and cervical adenocarcinoma was tested by a case-case study of prior and current OC use in women with adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Cases were matched by age, year of diagnosis, and stage of the lesion, and personal, reproductive, and contraceptive data were obtained by mailed questionnaires. Except for smoking, which was significantly more prevalent in women with squamous cell carcinoma, the two groups were identical, with similar OC exposure. This study does not support the idea that OCs modulate the expression of cervical neoplasia in favor of adenocarcinoma.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000293004

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Antibiotics, especially cephems, have been improved remarkably in the last 20 years. In order to evaluate the improvement of antibiotics used for the prophylaxis of infections after radical hysterectomy, two groups of patients (group A, 1978–1979, n = 54; group B, 1985–1987, n = 55) were examined in regard to bacteriological and clinical effects. In spite of the improvement of antibiotics, the positive rate of bacteriological analysis had increased from 44.4 to 76.4%. Obvious decrease of gram-negative bacilli and increase of gram-positive cocci (GPC), e.g. Enterococcus, were observed. In contrast, fever index and febrile morbidity of group B decreased significantly more than those of group A. These results indicate that the improvement of antibiotics has brought more effective prophylaxis in the postoperative infection in spite of the high positive rate of GPC.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000293005

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1991

数据来源: Karger