摘要:

Out of all the risk factors of endometrial carcinoma, the Oestrone Theory’ is especially fascinating. This theory assumes that prolonged uninterrupted stimulation of the endometrial cell by oestrone, without the competition of oestradiol and oestriol, brings about neoplasia. There is also some evidence of a protective effect of androgens and progesterone. In order to verify this theory in vivo, oestrone (E1), oestradiol (E2), testosterone (T) and progestogen levels were examined from the serum of 36 post-menopausal women suffering from endometrial carcinoma, and compared with a healthy group of women. Oestrone levels were found to be significantly higher in patients with endometrial carcinoma. A correlation was also found between oestrone levels and previous infertility. With the intention of tracking the origin of oestrone in those suffering from endometrial cancer, hormone levels were checked before and after total hysterectomy and oophorectomy. The high oestrone values dropped to normal after the operation, except in those who had previously suffered from infertility. In those patients, high oestrone values were found a year after the operation. No significant differences of testosterone or progesterone were found between the cancer patients and the healthy women. The operation did not have any influence on these values.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000299154

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

12 patients with mild or moderate symptoms of Gardnerella-associated vaginitis were examined clinically and microbiologically on 52 different occasions, 27 of which were asymptomatic. The symptomatic state was defined by fulfilling at least three of the following criteria: (1) subjective symptoms; (2) pH above 4.5; (3) positive amine test, and (4) clue cells in wet smear. Variation of the vaginal microflora was considerable. No causative bacterial species could be identified. Microorganisms of the genus Bacteroides were significantly (p < 0.02) more often found in the symptomatic condition. The presence of either peptococci, peptostreptococci or anaerobic streptococci was similarly related to symptoms (p < 0.01). Lactobacilli were significantly more often present when the patient was free of symptoms (p < 0.05). Gardnerella vaginalis was a common isolate whether the patient suffered from symptoms or not. It is concluded that the presence of this microorganism indicates a disturbed ecologic situation within the vagina, resulting in loss of predominance of lactobacilli and hence liability to develop symptoms.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000299155

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In particular membrane fractions of human and rabbit oviductal smooth muscle specific binding sites for the radiolabelled β-adrenergic antagonist [125I]-cyanopindolol (I-CYP) were detectable utilizing the radioligand technique. The binding was saturable, relative to the concentration of protein as well as ligand in the assay. The analysis of the binding kinetics by Scatchard plots revealed a number of β-adrenergic receptor sites of 30 fmol I-CYP bound per milligram protein with a dissociation constant (KD) of 20 pM. In competition binding studies with β2-adrenergic agonists and antagonists the receptors in their pharmacological range corresponded to the β2-subtype of β-adrenergic receptors. Within the oviduct the ampulla possessed 70% of all traceable β-adrenergic receptor sites.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000299156

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

336 pregnant women participated in a study to determine the possible relation between maternal plasmatic zinc levels (PLZ) and uterine contractibility. PZL during gestation and at the moment of delivery were evaluated in relation to the mode of delivery, the duration of the active period of delivery, and the presence of hemorrhage during the first 30 min postpartum. A significant difference (p < 0.001) between PZL at different periods of gestation was found. There were significant differences (p < 0.05) between PZL and duration of the active period of delivery and PZL and final mode of delivery. In 10 cases, a cesarean section had to be performed due to uterine atony. In these patients, the PZL were significantly lower than in the rest. The role of zinc in uterine muscle contractibility is discussed. The possibility of supplementation in those women with low zinc levels ( < 60 μg/dl; 9 μmol/l) is recommended.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000299157

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Plasma renin activity, plasma aldosterone, and serum-converting enzyme activity were measured in 13 normotensive pregnant women in three sequential periods: 19–21 29–31, and 38–40 weeks of gestation. The converting enzyme activity was also measured in a group of 6 women with hypertensive pregnancy and an age-matched control group of 35 normal nonpregnant women. Plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone values were both significantly elevated in the three periods of pregnancy, but plasma aldosterone levels were relatively lower during the first two periods. This is suggested to be secondary to depressed aldosterone secretion by intravascular volume expansion. The serum-converting enzyme activity did not change during pregnancy, and the mean values (1.02 ± 0.27 U) were lower than those found in the control group (1.23 ± 0.26 U). Similar low values were found in the hypertensive pregnancy group (1.11 ± 0.35 U). Therefore, we assume that the converting enzyme is not a limiting factor in the conversion of angiotensin nor does it contribute significantly to the pathogenesis of hypertensive pregnancy.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000299158

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Small pieces of 7- to 12-week-old human fetal lung, originating from legal abortions, were maintained in organ culture for 21 days. In the last 5 days of cultivation the explants were treated with dexamethasone (10 ng/ml) or betamethasone (10 ng/ml) and were then prepared for electron-microscopic examination. In response to corticosteroid treatment numerous characteristic osmiophilic lamellar bodies had developed in the cytoplasm of alveolar cells. Their fine structure resembled the osmiophilic myelin structure which can be found in type II pneumocytes of the mature lung. No difference could be observed between the effects of dexamethasone and betamethasone. The steroids did not alter the normal fine structure of the lung cells. It was concluded that corticosteroids may have a direct effect on the formation of lamellar bodies and phospholipid synthesis in type II pneumocytes by 7–12 weeks of gestation.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000299159

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The concentrations of norepinephrine in amniotic fluid and maternal plasma were measured in 71 third trimester pregnancies, 31 of which were uncomplicated and 40 complicated. The amniotic fluid norepinephrine concentration (mean ± SD) in cases of hypertension treated with clonidine (0.4 ± 0.1 ng/ml, n = 12) and in insulin-dependent diabetes (0.5 ± 0.2 ng/ml, n = 7) was lower, and in renal insufficiency (1.7 ± 0.8 ng/ml, n = 8) higher than in control subjects (0.7 ± 0.4 ng/ml, n = 31). In fetal-growth retardation (0.6 ± 0.2 ng/ml, n = 8) and in latent diabetes (0.7 ± 0.2 ng/ml, n = 5) the values were similar to those in the control subjects. There was a significant positive correlation between mature lecithin-sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio and norepinephrine concentration. Clonidine-treated hypertension was associated with decreased (0.2 ± 0.1 ng/ml) and renal insufficiency with increased (0.9 ± 0.7 ng/ml) maternal plasma norepinephrine concentrations (control group, 0.3 ± 0.1 ng/ml). The present results indicate that measurement of catecholamines in amniotic fluid can be useful in the evaluation of fetal sympathoadrenal function.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000299160

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Examination of 28 agitated, hyperventilating patients with fetal tachycardia showed that the mothers were in a hyperventilation-related state of hypocapnia and alkalosis. The mean maternal pCO2 was 17.48 ± 6.79 mm Hg, the pH 7.54 ± 0.14, which caused a reflex spasm of the umbilical veins, fetal acidosis and fetal tachycardia. Additional experiments on sheep revealed a similar correlation between maternal hyperventilation, hypocapnia, respiratory alkalosis and fetal tachycardia while the flow volume of the uterus showed no change.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000299161

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000299162

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000299163

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger