摘要:

Approximately 80–90% of adult ovarian cancers are assumed to originate from ovarian surface cells. The morphology of the ovarian surface epithelium changes constantly, exhibiting features such as crypts, inclusion cysts, villous processes and different forms of müllerian epithelium. The unique nature of ovarian surface features and their absence in the immediately adjacent peritoneal mesothelium suggest that local factors may play an important part in modifying the growth and morphology of the ovarian surface epithelium. Recent studies tend to emphasize oncogene activation, along with concomitant cytogenetic changes, in the development of ovarian cancer. This review focuses on the roles of exogenous and endogenous factors and ovulation in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292682

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Changes in β-adrenergic receptor density under long-term application of ritodrine were investigated using longitudinal muscle strips of day-21-pregnant-rat myometrium. Membrane (––)[3H]dihydroalprenolol binding sites were increased by 3.1 × 10––8 Mritodrine, with a maximum increase at 3.1 × 10––7M, followed by a gradual decrease at higher concentrations. Under long-term application of a lower dose (1.5 × 10––7M) of ritodrine, the number of the binding sites increased up to 20 min, then decreased to the control level and fluctuated after 90 min. These results suggest that at lower doses, ritodrine might activate adenylate cyclase, resulting in conformational changes in the receptors, and that receptor density might vary in parallel with cellular cAMP production under long-term application of ritodrine.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292683

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The concentration of human protein factor of fertility (PFF) in seminal plasma was measured by a semi-quantitative immunodiffusion method with the standard test system. Fresh seminal plasma from 202 men with normal fertility was investigated. The levels of PFF ranged from 2 to 512 mg/l in normospermic specimens. The retrospective analysis revealed a positive correlation (p < 0.001) between low PFF concentration (2–8 mg/l) in the husband’s seminal plasma and primary early spontaneous abortion in the wife.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292684

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

This paper reports a new technique of chorionic villus sampling. A new probe has been developed to allow easier passage and manipulation of the catheter and improve visualization by ultrasound. Our initial experience with this new probe-guided sampling device indicates that it simplifies the operation, and this could improve the success rate.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292685

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In vivo platelet aggregation was determined in pregnant women at different gestational ages and nonpregnant women by a modification of a method. A higher platelet count ratio (PCR) was found in pregnant women after a gestational age of 13 weeks. At 16–30 and 31–41 weeks of gestation, in vivo platelet aggregation was significantly decreased. The PCR, meaning the ratio of non-aggregated platelets to all circulating platelets, correlated significantly with gestational age. It is suggested that the decrease in in vivo aggregation measured during pregnancy reflects a summarized effect of different factors during pregnancy connected to placenta and uteroplacental vessels.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292686

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

An investigation of possible seasonal patterns in ectopic tubal pregnancies was conducted. The computer data utilized were based on all ectopic pregnancies, abortions and deliveries (total pregnancies) recorded in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Israel, between the years 1986 and 1989. Composite monthly cohorts of ectopic tubal pregnancies and total pregnancies were constructed for each month of the year, and the probability of an ectopic pregnancy was estimated. A statistically significant increase in the probability of conception rate resulted in ectopic pregnancies which occurred during winter and spring, especially in January to June. The probability of ectopic tubal pregnancies was low (0.50%) in September and high (1.81–1.42%) in December to January. When we studied primigravidae, the same seasonal pattern was observed. The findings of our study suggest, for the first time, that there is an association between meteorological and environmental factors, and ectopic pregnancies. These factors should be considered in the epidemiology of ectopic tubal pregnancies.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292687

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A fall in cervical resistance to dilatation for first-trimester-induced abortions has been observed in previous studies and considered a sign of tearing of the cervical tissue. In a study of 104 patients undergoing first-trimester abortion a fall in resistance was found in 12.5 % of women in whom the cervix was dilated to 9 mm, and in 66.7% when dilatation reached 11 mm. No difference between parous and nulliparous women was found.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292688

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Correct interpretation of conspicuous blood flow velocity waveforms cannot rely solely on the evaluation of uteroplacental vascular Doppler flow patterns by means of angle-independent indices such as the resistance or pulsatility index. In addition to the degree of pulsatility, the waveform shape between the systolic and diastolic peak values is of considerable consequence. A subdivision of the total flow waveform into orthogonal polynomial components allows both pulsatility evaluation and notching to be registered, providing a higher sensitivity in identification of pathological vascular resistance. Accurate recording and assessment of the flow waveform is therefore an important qualitative criterion for the classification of Doppler flow patterns in pregnancies with reduced uteroplacental perfusion.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292689

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The hemodynamic characteristics of 11 normotensive gravidas with idiopathic fetal growth retardation (FGR), were compared with 11 controls of similar age, parity and body size. At weeks 36–38 of gestation, plasma volume was 3,161 ± 121 ml in controls and 2,624 ± 95 ml in the FGR group (p < 0.003); cardiac output (CO) was 6,191 ± 132 ml/min in controls and 5,483 ± 186 ml/min in the FGR group (p < 0.01). Total peripheral vascular resistance (TPVR) was lower in controls than in FGR (1,031 ± 33 vs. 1,306 ± 62 dyn/s/cm5; p < 0.001). Birth weight was correlated with both plasma volume (r = 0.61; p < 0.01) and CO (r = 0.53; p < 0.02) and inversely correlated with TPVR (r = ––0.69; p < 0.001). These results are in line with the hypothesis that a reduced plasma volume leads to a lower CO and, secondarily, to reduced uterine blood flow and FGR.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292690

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Oxytocinase (EC 3.4.11.3) activity was determined in 80 amniotic fluid samples obtained from 40 normotensive primigravidas (median age 27 years) and 40 primigravidas (median age 29 years) with pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia between 32 and 39 weeks of gestation. The enzyme activity was significantly lower in preeclampsia than in normal pregnancy with matched gestations (p < 0.01). Considering the possible involvement of vasopressin and angiotensin II in preeclampsia, it is suggested that the enzyme which degrades these pressor hormones may play a role in the pathogenesis of hypertensive pregnancy.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292691

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger