摘要:

The etiology of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy is still unknown. One possibility is that ovarian and placental hormones may play some part. The liver is the major site of metabolic inactivation of steroid hormones. In this study, 102 healthy pregnant women, of whom 62 complained of nausea, were followed throughout pregnancy. Liver function tests were performed to ascertain whether emesis gravidarum is related to impaired hepatic function. In this series, all values were within the normal ranges. Serum levels of total bilirubin and gamma-glutamyl-transferase were significantly decreased and those of total serum bile acids significantly increased in emetic women compared to nonemetic subjects. Furthermore, the metabolic load on the liver seems to follow a biphasic course as there is an apparent minimum in liver function variables in the second trimester. It is concluded that a slow adaptation to the increased hormonal load on the liver might be responsible for the condition of emesis gravidarum.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000298949

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Fetal activity is composed of fetal movements (FM), which are either nonreflexive, originating in the fetus itself, or evoked reflexive FM which are stimulated by the fetal environment. The relative ratio of the spontaneous to evoked FM has not yet been documented. Since it is impossible to differentiate in a singleton pregnancy between these two types of FM on the basis of maternal perception alone, the natural model of twin pregnancy was used. It has previously been shown that the number of FM in a singleton pregnancy is similar to that of each individual fetus in a twin pregnancy of the same gestational age. It was assumed that the factors which cause spontaneous and evoked FM are similar in singleton and twin pregnancies. The fetal activity in 44 twin and 76 singleton pregnancies between 28 and 39 weeks of gestation was assessed during 20 min of nonstress test recording. The means of FM in twins were significantly higher than those in singleton pregnancies. The rate of the spontaneous FM was calculated to be 50–59% of all FM in singleton pregnancies and that of the evoked FM 41–50%.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000298950

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Washington State Birth Registry data of the years 1980–1982 of 803 women with intrapartum fever, who gave birth to a singleton, and of 1,714 control women without such diagnosis selected at random from the child-bearing population were studied for risk factors and maternal and neonatal outcome variables. Cases were significantly more often < 21 years old, nonwhite, unmarried, nulligravid, and nulliparous than controls, and had significantly shorter gestational ages and longer birth intervals. The risk of intrapartum fever was higher in nulliparous than in nulligravid women [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 4.0 and 2.3, respectively]. This risk difference led to the discovery of increased fetal and perinatal losses prior to the pregnancy under study: cases lost 160 of 390 (41 %) previous pregnancies while controls lost 142 of 1,180 (12%; OR = 5.1; p < 0.001). In a matched analysis, spontaneous abortions ( < 20 weeks gestation) immediately preceding the pregnancy under study were found to increase the risk of intrapartum fever by 2.7 times.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000298951

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG), thyroxine-binding prealbumin (TBPA), thy-roxine (T4), free T4, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were studied in 144 apparently healthy, euthyroid pregnant women displaying miscarriages. In an additional group of 18 aborting women a frozen blood sample drawn in early pregnancy was similarly analyzed for the thyroid components as well as for human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). The values were compared to those of normal pregnancies (n = 228) at corresponding intervals. Significantly lower values of TBG were found in the spontaneously aborting women. Slightly lower values were found concerning T4 and T3 in the spontaneously aborting group. A significantly lower value of TBG was found to be more predictive concerning spontaneous abortion than that of HCG.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000298952

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effects of an intraperitoneal nickel load upon plasma glucose, urea, amino acids, lactate and glucagon, as well as upon liver glycogen have been determined in 12- and 19-day pregnant rats compared with controls. Nickel induced considerable increases in both glucose and glucagon levels, delayed in 19-day pregnant rats with respect to controls, and deep and permanent decreases in glycogen and amino acids in pregnant rats. The effects of glucagon are related to the insulin resistance of pregnant rats and a relationship between nickel toxicity and the lacking capacity to recover the basal values of some parameters is suggested.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000298953

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In the present investigation the effects of free fatty acids (FFA) and L-carnitine were investigated on the rat isolated uterine horn. The cumulative addition of FFA and L-carnitine to the isolated organ bath produced a significant increase of isometric developed tension and functional activity, especially evident at 5 mM camitine concentration. No variations in the frequency of contractions were found. These data suggest a possible role of FFA as energy source in the rat uterus.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000298954

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Prostaglandin (PG)E and F equivalents have been determined in fallopian tubes from 26 women by radioimmunoassays following appropriate extraction and separation procedures. Both PGE and F equivalents at ranges between 5 and 100 ng/g wet weight exhibit profiles of increasing concentrations along the oviduct with low contents at the uterotubal junction and maximal levels in the fimbrial region. During the luteal phase of the cycle about 2-fold higher levels of PGE and F equivalents were detected than during the follicular phase in both the ampullary and isthmic portion of the oviduct. A general decline of PG levels was observed in tissues from patients at the perimenopause. The distribution of PGs within the oviduct is compatible with a preferential localization in its mucosal part, which may represent the main target for a progesterone-mediated stimulation of PG production during the luteal phase.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000298955

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The copper and zinc levels of leiomyomas were determined and compared to the levels in the uninvolved myometrium and myocervix. In general the levels found in leiomyomas were similar to those of the smooth muscle of isthmus and corpus but different to those of the myocervix. There were no significant differences in the levels found in smooth muscle of uteri with or without leiomyoma.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000298956

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Ligation of the proximal and distal ends of the rabbit oviducts was used to induce hydrosalpinges. The adrenergic innervation of the induced hydrosalpinx was studied. Depletion of adrenergic innervation in rabbit hydrosalpinges was found. Our findings suggest that not only mucosal changes, but also loss of adrenergic nerves must be taken into account as factors in the pathology of hydrosalpinx.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000298957

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000298958

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger