摘要:

We studied the effects of human growth hormone (hGH) in 7 in vitro fertilization (IVF) patients with normal ovulatory menstrual cycles who showed a low response to ovarian stimulation with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG). Human growth hormone therapy had no significant effect on the number of days of gonadotropic stimulation, on the total amount of hMG administered, on the serum estradiol level on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin injection, or on the IVF outcome. Our preliminary results do not encourage the routine use of hGH to improve IVF outcome in normogonadotropic ovulatory patients who respond poorly to the standard FSH/hMG protocol.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292667

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The synthesis of cellular proteins during early pregnancy was analyzed in mouse endometria incubated in vitro in the presence of [35S]-methionine. Endometrial proteins labelled on days 3 and 5 of pregnancy were compared with proteins from nonpregnant proestrus-phase endometrium. We have identified 23 proteins that were differentially expressed. These proteins were divided into four groups: (1)10 proteins synthesized most prominently in nonpregnant proestrus-phase endometrium that decrease or disappear in pregnancy; (2) 4 proteins that are synthesized only on day 3, i.e., in the immediate preimplantation period; (3) 3 proteins that appear only on day 5 coincidentally with the development of decidua; (4) 5 proteins that are synthesized by both day 3 and day 5 endometria but are not found in the nonpregnant endometrium. Hence, the synthesis of some endometrial cellular proteins increased and others decreased in early pregnancy. The function of these proteins is unknown. Four proteins (Mr 26, 51, 52 and 70 kDa), 2 of which are both cell associated and secreted (Mr 52 and 70 kd) were selectively synthesized in the preimplantation period and thus may mediate implantation.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292668

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Accurate assessment of gestational age and fetal weight in the pregnant ewe is important in both acute and longitudinal perinatal studies. We describe two morphometric methods based on the length of the fetal metatarsal bone. These measurements can be made intraoperatively or at postmortem. Metatarsal bone lengths can be used to better predict gestational age and fetal weight than previously described methods.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292669

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Prolactin (PRL), growth hormone (GH), placental lactogen (PL), chorionic gonadotropin (CG), estradiol (OE), progesteron (P4) and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) were measured in serum throughout gestation in 9 women with PRL-producing pituitary adenomas. They had been treated at least 1 year with the dopamine agonist bromocriptine before pregnancy occurred. All women bore healthy babies of normal birthweight. Their PRL levels did not show the successive increase seen in normal pregnancies; serum PRL was unphysiologically increased in all patients up to the 20th week of gestation, whereafter PRL levelled off and fell within the normal range. Serum PL levels were lower in the women with prolactinoma compared to healthy pregnant women, despite normal placental weight. The serum GH levels in the patients determined with an immunoassay based on a monoclonal antibody, were low or nondetectable, similar to healthy pregnant controls. In contrast, high molecular weight GH in serum as determined with a monoclonal antibody which also recognizes PL appeared to be increased in comparison with healthy pregnant women. The serum leels of CG, OE, P4 and SHBG were all within the normal range. These results show that the unphysiological secretion of PRL in pregnant women with PRL-producing pituitary adenomas is associated with decreased serum levels of PL.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292670

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In vitro experiments using isolated rings and perfused segments of humanchorionic veins, were designed to determine the effects of serotonin and their interaction with PGF2α on vascular tension and perfusion pressure. These vessels responded vigorously with high sensitivity to the vasoconstrictor effects of serotonin in both experimental designs. Administration of PGF2α also led to constriction of the veins, but this autacoid is at least 100 times less potent than serotonin. When adding PGF2α previously to serotonin to the bathing fluid or to the perfusate, the serotonin response was significantly potentiated, increasing the maximal contractile response in 116 ± 12 % and the perfusion pressure in 180 ± 25%. Both autacoids probably operate in this vascular bed interacting with each other and playing an important role in the regulation of placental blood flow in vivo

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292671

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

One hundred and forty-nine cases of hydramnios were detected among 13,750 parturients undergoing 25,000 routine ultrasonographic examinations. The prevalence of hydramnios was 1.08%. Ninety-seven patients (65.1 %) had no apparent cause for the increased amount of fluid volume. Twenty-eight new-borns (18.8%) were congenitally malformed, and 22 (14.8%) patients had diabetes mellitus. Rh incompatibility accounted for only 1.3% of the cases. It seems that with the improvement of modern obstetrics, mainly improving the antenatal management of diabetes and Rh incompatibility, there is a decrease in the relative incidence of these two conditions as etiological factors of hydramnios.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292672

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Hydronephrosis frequently occurs during pregnancy. The etiology and significance of this phenomenon are not clearly understood. Further, little information regarding changes in the kidneys during pregnancy and early postpartum is available. This study uses real-time ultrasound in order to investigate whether or not there is a relationship between the degree of calyceal dilatation, kidney size, and creatinine clearance value. Two hundred and eighty-six patients, including 175 pregnant and Ill puerperal individuals, were examined. The overall incidence of hydronephrosis was 67% in the pregnant and 39% in the puerperal women. Moderately and severely affected kidneys were significantly larger than the mildly affected and nonaffected kidneys (p < 0.05, p < 0.001). The creatinine clearance value was lower in patients with severe hydronephrosis than in those with mild and moderate hydronephroses and in the nonaffected patients, albeit with no statistical significance.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292673

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Chorion was obtained from 10 healthy pregnant women at term gestation who were delivered either vaginally (n = 5) or by elective repeat caesarean section before the onset of labour (n = 5). Epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptors in chorionic tissue were evaluated by means of freeze fracture technique (label fracture). They were found to be significantly less, but more frequently coupled, in specimens obtained after labour than before the onset of labour. These findings suggest that a functional activation of EGF receptors in human chorion might occur during labour.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292674

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A total of 202 delivering mothers and their newborns were studied with the intention to follow the materno-fetal transmission of malaria. Malaria infection was encountered in 35 cases (17.3%) in which Plasmodium falciparum predominated in peripheral blood while P. malariae predominated on the placental surface. In cord blood P. falciparum was encountered in 1.5% of the cases. There was slightly more maternal infection in rural (23 %) than in suburban areas (19%). Less malaria infection was encountered in primiparas than in multiparas and there was similar antibody response in both mothers and their newborns. Anaemia was encountered in 70% of the mothers and in 93% of the newborns. There was no significant correlation between low birth weight of the newborn and malaria parasitaemia in the mother.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292675

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Subclinical intrauterine infections during pregnancy in Mozambican women were studied in an attempt to elucidate their potential association with adverse pregnancy outcome, particularly stillbirth and preterm birth. A total of 39 stillbirths and 21 preterm live births were compared with 121 term live births. Extraplacental membranes and amniotic fluid were studied to ascertain the presence or absence of chorioamnionitis and of antibacterial activity in amniotic fluid. It was found that signs of maternal subclinical disease in extraplacental membranes in combination with an absence of antibacterial activity in amniotic fluid was overrepresented in stillbirths and preterm births in relation to term live births. A tentative conclusion is that a lack of antibacterial activity in amniotic fluid and established chorioamnionitis represent a vicious combination with strongly negative significance for the fetal outcome.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292676

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger