摘要:

In general, the diagnosis of pregnancy-related anemia relies on the estimation of the hemoglobin level. The findings of this study suggest that the additional estimation of serum ferritin – a reliable index of the iron stores – can improve the diagnosis of anemia. Hematological data of 150 pregnant women were retrospectively related to the courses of pregnancy, in particular to the incidence of premature labor contractions. 70% of the pregnant women included in the investigation had a serum ferritin value below 20 μg/l and thus iron deficiency. If the hemoglobin value alone had been estimated, 50.6 % of the women with iron deficiency (serum ferritin < 20 μg/l) would not have been detected among those pregnant women with a hemoglobin value of more than 11 g/dl. These findings are also of particular relevance as a significant correlation has been found between the incidence of premature labor contractions and the serum ferritin level: only 11 % of the pregnant women investigated whose serum ferritin values exceeded 20 μg/l had premature labor contractions, whereas premature labor was recorded in 48 % of the pregnant women with serum ferritin values below 10 μg/l.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000293705

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The immunohistochemical localization in the human placenta of new placental proteins PP1, PP19, and PP21 was clarified using modified indirect enzyme-labeled antibody method and compared with that of pregnancy-specific β1-protein (SPl). The major results are as follows: positive staining for PP1 was seen at the nucleus and cytoplasm of villous cytotrophoblasts, the X cells at the basal plate, and of chorionic trophoblasts, while the decidua cells and amnion were not stained. PP19 was characteristically seen in the nucleus and cytoplasm of syncytiotrophoblasts. X cells in basal plate, chorionic trophoblasts, and maternal leukocytes. The villous cytotrophoblasts, decidua cells, and amnion were not stained. PP21 localization was found at the microvilli and basal membrane of syncytiotrophoblasts and at the cytotrophoblast plasma membrane of the chorionic villus in early gestation. In late gestation, increased staining was seen at the syncytiotrophoblast microvilli and the villous basement membrane, and moderate staining at plasma membrane of the amniotic epithelium and chorionic trophoblasts. SPl was found only at the syncytiotrophoblast cytoplasm of chorionic villi. Studies using these four placental proteins simultaneously may therefore provide a new key learning about unknown metabolic functions of trophoblasts.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000293706

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

During pregnancy in mice, three groups of corpora lutea (CL) originating from 4 successive ovulatory cycles could be distinguished taking into account their size, cellular structure and stain affinity. Type I CL originated at the onset of pregnancy, type II CL originated during the 2 previous estrous cycles and type III CL were produced during a cycle preceding the two others. CL volume of type I increased 10-fold between day 0 and day 18.5, a 2.5-fold increase in volume occurred in type II CL between day 0 and day 3, although they derived from cycles preceding pregnancy. The volume of type III remained unchanged. This fact suggested that types I and II CL probably play a functional role in the ongoing pregnancy. After day 10 of pregnancy a high correlation coefficient (r = 0.933) is observed between type I CL and the number of embryos in the corresponding uterine horn.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000293707

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In order to see if very early abortion methods should be used more often or if they should be avoided, an interview study was made in Stockholm in 1982. One hundred and twenty applicants for abortion were asked about the time of their decision to undergo a legal abortion. Seventy-two percent of the women had decided to have an abortion as soon as they knew they were pregnant. Sixty-six percent had made their decision before the end of the 8th week of pregnancy, which is considered to be time limit for Karman exeresis. Most women (84%) had discussed the abortion decision with the prospective father; however, 54% stated that they had made their decision to terminate the pregnancy more or less on their own. This study indicates that very early abortion methods would be advantageous for many women, and could be used more often. All applicants for abortion should however have an opportunity to discuss their decision carefully before the abortion.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000293708

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Estradiol receptor (RE2) levels were measured in normal (n = 22) and pathological (n = 14) human endometria and in various segments and tissues of the same uteri (n = 8). The highest total estradiol levels (TRE2) were found in midcycle normal cyclic endometria and the lowest in the secretory phase of normal cyclic endometria and in normal postmeno-pausal endometria (the TRE2 levels in the latter two groups were within similar ranges). The highest nuclear RE2 levels were found in proliferative-phase normal cyclic endometria. TRE2 levels in pathological postmenopausal endometria were high, in the range of those found in proliferative normal cyclic endometria, but the nuclear RE2 levels were low as compared with those in normal proliferative endometria. Examination of the distribution of the TRE2 levels in various segments and tissues of normal proliferative uteri revealed similar trends in all cases as follows: the highest levels were measured in the functional endometrium (fundus) and the lowest in the myometrium (fundus). Basal endometrial TRE2 levels decreased along the longitudinal axis from fundus to isthmus. In 4 cases, TRE2 levels in leiomyoma tissues were higher than those in the corresponding myometrium. These results indicate the possibility of a differing regulating mechanism of the RE2 in various segments or tissues of the human uterus.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000293709

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A decreased intraabdominal fibrinolytic activity has been proposed as an etiological factor in the development of endometriosis. To test this hypothesis plasminogen, fibrinogen, α2-antiplasmin, α2-macroglobulin, plasminogen activator (t-PA) and its inhibitor and the degradation products of fibrin were determined in the peritoneal fluid of 25 patients with and 45 patients without endometriosis. No significant difference was found for any of the parameters. Therefore, a role for the fibrinolytic system as an etiological factor in the development of endometriosis is unlikely. A high concentration of t-PA was found in comparison to normal blood levels, leading to a high concentration of fibrin degradation products in the peritoneal fluid, indicating an active system of intraabdominal fibrinolysis. A high concentration of fibrin degradation products further indicates the presence of fibrinogen and its turnover secondary to thrombin action.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000293710

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Serum concentrations of PRL, LH and FSH were examined in 17 perimenopausal women with dysfunctional uterine bleeding (PDUB group), after stimulation with exogenous GnRH (a 100-μg i.v. bolus dose), and endogenous GnRH (as induced by an estrogen challenge test). Five normal cycling women during the follicular phase of the cycle were used as control (FP group). Exogenous GnRH induced increments in the concentration of PRL, FSH and LH in PDUB and FP women. Increases were statistically higher for FSH (p < 0.001) and LH (p < 0.01), but not for PRL, in the FP group. No significant correlation was found between LH-PRL or FSH-PRL in PDUB women. A positive correlation was found when the maximal LH percent change for each case was compared with the simultaneous PRL percent value (r = 0.83, p < 0.001) during the estrogen test. We conclude that, as shown by previous studies in both hypogonadal and normal women, also in this perimenopausal model exogenous GnRH induces secretion of PRL, LH and FSH, and that a positive correlation exists between LH and PRL under the finely modulated stimulation of gonadotrophs by endogenous GnRH.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000293711

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Nonspecific bacterial vaginosis, defined as the presence of clue cells, was treated in a randomized, double-blind study with (1) tinidazole 2g as a single dose (82 patients), (2) tinidazole 2 g on 2 consecutive days (84 patients), and (3) with placebo (81 patients). The cure rates, both clue cells and Gardnerella vaginalis absent, were 51, 74 and 4%, respectively. A closer clinical and microbiological evaluation showed the 2-day regimen to be superior.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000293712

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Twenty-seven patients with ileus were assessed using ultrasound and the related variables suggestive of ileus are presented. If special attention is directed to these variables when a patient complains of nausea, vomiting, colicky abdominal pain and so forth, this entity can be diagnosed early and accurately. Since the distended, air-filled loops of bowel are not so readily recognized, the combined use of X-ray and ultrasound will aid in a follow-up study during treatment as well as in the diagnosis.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000293713

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In the present study, the expression of type IV collagen associated with the basal membrane (BM) was studied histochemically (indirect immunoperoxidase-antiperoxidase) in cervical human papillomavirus (HPV) lesions (diagnosed using in situ DNA hybridization) of different grades. The expression of type IV collagen in premalignant epithelial lesions (HPV with and without cervical intraepithelial neoplasia) was identical with that in the BM of normal exocervical epithelium, in contrast to 60% (3/5) of carcinoma in situ lesions and 90% (10/11) of invasive carcinomas, where the staining pattern was interrupted and the staining intensity reduced. Thus, the expression of type IV collagen seems to remain unchanged during the entire spectrum of premalignant stages of cervical HPV lesions. This suggests that the squamous epithelial cells responsible for the formation of the BM are not affected by this virus at early stages of the disease, and immunohistochemical recognition of an intact staining pattern of type IV collagen may signify well-preserved basal cell function (confined to nonmalignant?) HPV-infected squamous epithelium.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000293714

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger