摘要:

Background and ObjectivesReports of declining HIV-related inpatient use have typically been based on limited or local data. Using comprehensive hospital discharge data from seven states, this study examines trends in HIV-related inpatient admission rates and lengths of stay from 1993 through 1997.MethodsWe identified HIV-related admissions by the International Classification of Diseases, ninth edition (ICD-9-CM) diagnosis codes in the range 042 to 044. Analyses assessed effects of state, gender, race/ethnicity, insurance, and time period; they also examined differential patterns of change.ResultsHIV-related inpatient admission rates rose between 1993 and 1995 but began declining steadily starting in late 1995. This general pattern occurred for all states, demographic groups, and insurers. The magnitude of the decline varied; admissions for white males and for patients with private insurance showed the greatest decreases. Admission rates were highest for African-American males and lowest for white females. Lengths of stay declined steadily; trends did not differ by demographic group or payer.ConclusionsResults document the recent decline in HIV-related hospital admission rates. Relative declines in admissions parallel reported disparities in access to new antiretroviral therapies. Racial/ethnic disparities in inpatient use persist.

ISSN:1525-4135    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ObjectiveTo assess risk factors associated with HIV prevalence and incidence among gay and bisexual men in two prospective Canadian cohorts.MethodsThe Vanguard Project and the Omega Cohort are prospective cohort studies of gay and bisexual men ongoing in Vancouver and Montreal, respectively. For this analysis, baseline sociodemographic characteristics, sexual behavior, and substance use data from these two cohorts were combined. Assessment of risk factors for HIV seroprevalence and seroconversion were carried out using univariate and multivariate analysis.ResultsThis analysis was based on 1373 gay and bisexual men aged 16 to 30 years. Men who were HIV-seropositive at baseline (n= 48) were more likely to report living in unstable housing, to have had less than a high school education, and to have been unemployed than those who were HIV-negative (n= 1325). HIV-positive men were also more likely to report having engaged in sexual risk behavior, including having had consensual sex at a younger age, having had at least 6 partners during the previous year, ever having been involved in the sex trade, and having engaged in unprotected receptive anal intercourse. With respect to substance use, HIV-positive men were more likely to report the use of crack, cocaine, heroin, and marijuana and to use injection drugs. Similarly, men who seroconverted during the course of the studies (n= 26) were more likely to report having less than a high school education and having lived in unstable housing at baseline. Compared with HIV-negative men, men who seroconverted were more likely to report ever having been involved in the sex trade and engaging in unprotected receptive anal intercourse. Reports of cocaine use and injection drug use were also significantly higher for men who seroconverted compared with HIV-negative men.ConclusionsOur data indicate that HIV-positive gay and bisexual men are more likely to be living in unstable conditions and to report more risky sexual and substance use behaviors than HIV-negative men.

ISSN:1525-4135    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This study evaluated differences in sexual behavior and risk for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) among men who have sex with men (MSM) who met their partners on-line and those who did not. A self-administered questionnaire on sexual behavior was offered to a convenience sample of patients seeking public STD services. Thirty-two percent of MSM patients reported meeting a sexual partner over the Internet in the past year. MSM with on-line partners were younger, more likely to report sex with an HIV-positive person in the last year, and more likely to report casual partners in the last year compared with MSM with only off-line partners. HIV-negative MSM with on-line partners were more likely than HIV-negative MSM with only off-line partners to have received money or drugs for sex in the past year and to report sex with an HIV-positive partner in the past year. Although meeting partners on the Internet was common and associated with increased risk for STDs in MSM, it also presents new untapped opportunities for on-line health promotion and disease prevention.

ISSN:1525-4135    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In order to identify HIV-1 subtypes circulating in Tunisia, blood specimens from 25 HIV-1 nfected Tunisian patients were collected. Proviral HIV-1 DNA was genotyped by sequence analysis of the C2-V3envregion. HIV-1 subtypes were determined in 21 DNA sequences: 20 were of subtype B and one was a circulating recombinant form (CRF02 AG).Subtype B largely dominates the epidemiology of HIV-1 infection in Tunisia, suggesting the probable imported origin of HIV-1 infection, but further studies are needed to investigate the potential diversification of HIV-1 isolates in Tunisia.

ISSN:1525-4135    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1525-4135    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1525-4135    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1525-4135    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1525-4135    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID