摘要:

The essential oils obtained from air-dried subterranean parts ofValeriana officinalisssp.collina(Wallr.) Nyman (Valerianaceae), ‘Shipka,’ was analyzed by GC and GC/MS, and 62 components were identified. The oil yield, collected in plants grown in 1995 and 1998, was 0.42% (v/m) and 0.40% (v/m) respectively, related to the air-dried roots. Two new sesquiterpenes, (–)-pacifigorgia-l(6),10-diene and (–)-valerena-4,7(11)-diene were identified for the first time in both oils. Some major constituents were bornyl acetate (6.0%-7.3%), spathulenol (5.2%-4.1%), valeranone (12.0%-6.8%), valerenal (9.1%-8.5%), α-kessyl acetate (2.1%-6.2%) and (–)-valerena-4,7(11)-diene (7.2%-4.6%).

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.2000.9699524

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The plant material from organically cultivatedHeteropyxis natalensis(Harv.) and cultivatedHeteromorpha trifoliata(Wendl.) Eckl. & Zey., from Zimbabwe were steam distilled for essential oils and their composition compared with those from wild plants. The major components in the oil from the summer of semi-dry cultivatedH. natalensiswere: 1,8-cineole (20.7–32.1%), linalool (21.7–26.8%), limonene (13.1–16.5%), myrcene (3.7–9.3%) and (Z)-β-ocimene (2.3–12.4%). The wild plant had linalool (26.5%), 1,8-cineole (24.7%) and limonene (13.3%) as major components in the summer and 1,8-cineole (37.2%) and limonene (22.1%) as major components in the winter/dry season. The oil from the fresh cultivatedH. trifoliatahad sabinene (15.7–30.0%), limonene (9.5–15.7%) and (Z)-β-ocimene (7.1–12.2%), myrcene (8.5–11.1%) and δ-3-carene (3.6–10.1%) as major components. The oil from the wild semi-dry herb had limonene (15.4%) and sabinene (13.7%) as the main components. The cultivation of indigenous medicinal plants is intended to promote their rational use and conservation.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.2000.9699525

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The chemical composition of a volatile concentrate of the flowers ofThevetia peruvianaandAllamanda catharticawere analyzed by GC/MS. The main volatile components identified in the flowers ofT. peruvianawere palmitic acid (22.9%), (E)-β-ionone (17.2%) and 1,8-cineole (10.6%). The major volatiles of the flowers ofA. catharticawere linalool (39.3%), dendrolasin (20.2%) and β-caryophyllene (15.7%).

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.2000.9699526

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The essential oil ofBecium grandiflorumsubsp.grandiflorum, a perennial aromatic shrub endemic to Ethiopia, was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The major components of the oil were, in addition to three unknown constituents (10.0%, 9.7%, and 1.7%, respectively) identified as (Z)-β-ocimene (17.6%), myrcene (8.4%), limonene (8.0%), and β-caryophyllene (7.6%).

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.2000.9699527

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Water distilled essential oils from the herbal partsof Achillea phrygia, an endemic species in Turkey, was analyzed by GC/MS. Ninety-two and eighty-eight components were characterized representing 99.2% and 93.5% of the total components detected in two oil samples respectively.cis-Piperitol (11.2%, 31.2%),trans-p-menth-2-en-l-ol (11.0%, 14.7%),cis-p-menth-2-en-l-ol (7.2%, 9.9%) and 1,8-cineole (9.1%, 9.9%) were the major constituents of the oils obtained in 0.7% yield, respectively, from two plant samples. In addition, in one oil sample, camphor (14.5%) and linalool (9.9%) were also major constituents.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.2000.9699528

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The composition of the essential oils ofArtemisia santolinaSchrenk andArtemisia gypsaceaKrasch., M. Pop. et Lincz. ex Poljak. have been analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The volatile oil ofA. santolinawas found to contain: lavandulol (37.2%), 1,8-cineole (15.9%), linalool (13.6%) and lavandulyl acetate (9.5%) as major constituents. The oil ofA. gypsaceawas characterized by higher amounts of 1,8-cineole (36.5%), β-thujone (28.4%) and α-thujone (8.9%).

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.2000.9699529

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Water-distilled oil from the dried leaves of two trees ofEucalyptus camaldulensisDehn. of different ages, were analyzed by GC/MS. The principal constituent, in the 4-year-old tree oil and the 11-year-old tree oil, was 1,8-cineole (40.0%, 37.1%, respectively). Other major constituents were: β-pinene (9.2%, 0.1%), γ-terpinene (5.3%,10.4%), p-cymene (4.7%, 11.6%), terpinen-4-ol (2.8%, 5.5%) and globulol (5.4%, 9.6%).

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.2000.9699530

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Experiments to isolate the essential oil from rosemary(Rosmarinus officinalisL.) were carried out using a new extraction process: “Détente Instantanée Contrôlée” (D.I.C) or “Controlled Instantaneous Pressure drop.” This process involves subjecting the rosemary leaves for a short period of time to a steam pressure, followed by an instantaneous pressure drop to a vacuum (about 15 mbar). This paper aims to assess the effect of processing pressure, processing time and initial moisture content of leaves before D.I.C. treatment on the extraction efficiency. The processing pressure varied from 0.5 to 5 bar, the processing time from 1 to 21 minutes and initial moisture content from 0.1 to 0.6 g H2O/g dm. It appears that a pressure of about 1 bar, and a treatment time less than 10 minutes are sufficient to extract more than 97% of the essential oil. The moisture content was not a critical parameter for the isolation efficiency. A stable yield and composition of the oil was obtained whatever the value of this parameter. The oil was also studied by quantitative and qualitative chemical analysis, the effect of modifying the operating conditions on the isolation of 10 components of the rosemary oil namely α-pinene, camphene, β-pinene, 1,8-cineole, camphor, borneol, terpinen-4-ol, α-terpineol, bornyl acetate and β-caryophyllene.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.2000.9699531

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The essential oils of leaves and flowers ofLaggera pterodonta(Asteraceae) from Cameroon were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The oils were characterized by a high percentage of oxygenated sesquiterpenes (30–80%) and thymol derivatives (4–50%). The major components in the oils were γ-eudesmol (17–45%), α-eudesmol (4–15%), 2,5-dimethoxy-p-cymene (4–50%) and juniper camphor (4–12%). Monoterpenes are found in a high percentage in the flower headspace, represented mainly by γ-terpinene (32%), terpinen-4-ol (14.1%) and β-phellandrene (6%).

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.2000.9699532

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The phase-out of increasing numbers of synthetic nematicides has prompted an urgent need for environmentally benign and effective products to protect crops from nematode damage. We tested a group of selected plant-origin monoterpenoid compounds for their nematicidal activities, and found some of them could be potent nematicides. Most of the monoterpenoids were more toxic than the commercial nematicide oxamyl (13.4% mortality at 250 μg/mL) against the soil saprophytic nematodeCaenorhabditis elegans, among which carvacrol and thymol were the most potent (100% mortality at 250 μg/mL). (–)-Perillaldehyde, eugenol, geraniol and menthol were of moderate nematicidal activity at the same concentration, with mortality at 97%, 91%, 90% and 84%, respectively, againstC. elegans.Nematicidal activity against the root lesion nematodesPratylenchus penetranswas generally less potent, but citronellol, carvacrol and (–)-perillaldehyde were more toxic (mortality at 250 μg/mL were 87%, 78% and 56%, respectively) than oxamyl (50%). Thymol showed similar (50%) mortality to that of oxamyl.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.2000.9699533

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor