摘要:

The steam-distilled oils from cultivatedCymbopogon winterianusand ofC. citratuswere examined by GC and GC/MS. The major components fromC. winterianuswere citronellal (33.4–41.6%), geraniol (23.4–25.1%) and citronellol (9.1–12.8%). The major components fromC. citratuswere geranial (37.7–41.3%), neral (30.0–33-4%) and myrcene (5.6–18.6%).

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.2000.9699570

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Volatile constituents from wildCalamintha nepeta(L.) subsp.nepetaharvested in the autumn in the vicinity of Marseilles were analyzed by GC and GC/MS on nonpolar and polar columns, respectively. Among the 120 identified compounds, the 11 major constituents were: menthone (52.7%), pulegone (9.1%), piperitone (7.8%), neomenthol (7.6%), menthol (4.3%), limonene (4.0%), isomenthone (1.7%) and 3-octanol (1.6%). Several esters of isovaleric and 2-methylbutyric acids, 14 monoterpenes and 8 sesquiterpenes (hydrocarbons), and many other compounds were present in trace amounts including piperitone oxide, and piperitenone oxide. By comparison with other chemotypes,viz., C. nepetassp.glandulosa, described in the literature, our sample belongs to the menthone/pulegone chemotype which is the most common one.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.2000.9699571

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The chemotaxonomy of Moroccan rosemary was studied. The essential oil, which was obtained by hydrodistillation ofRosmarinus officinalisL. from different regions of Morocco (Rabat, Taforalt and Elateuf) was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The variations in chemical composition are important between plant populations. We have defined three chemotypes ofR. officinalis:the α-pinene-chemotype (α-pinene, 37–40% of the oil), the camphor-chemotype (camphor, 41–53% of the oil) and the 1,8-cineole-chemotype (1,8-cineole, 58–63% of the oil). The chemical composition of the 1,8-cineole-chemotype ofR. officinaliswas analyzed by GC and GC/MS. A total of 91 constituents were identified. The effect of harvest time on the oil production and chemical composition was examined onR. officinalis, andR. eriocalyxJordan et Fourr., which were collected in the eastern Morocco from Elateuf and Debdou regions at different vegetative stages (from January to July). At full flowering, the oil yield was particularly high (1.6 % forR. officinalisand 1.9 % forR. eriocalyx). It was much lower for early or late flowering. The chemical composition of oils does not seem to be a function of the species differentiation or harvest time. 1,8-Cineole (48,9–56,3%) was the main component of the oils of both species.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.2000.9699572

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation from dried leaves ofMelissa officinalisL. cultivated at Nitra in Slovak Republic, was analyzed by GC/MS. Comparisons were made between the yield and composition of the oil distilled from plants at different ontogenetic stages, and between untreated control plants and those treated with Ridomil 72 WP.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.2000.9699573

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The chemical composition of the essential oil ofPhania cajalbanicaBorhidi et Muñiz was studied by GC/MS. Thirty-five components have been identified, of which δ-elemene (25.9%) and 1,7-di-epi-β-cedrene (20.8%) were the major ones.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.2000.9699574

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The results of physically and chemically induced 20 selected mutants in M2generation possessing in most cases enhanced levels of essential oil yield and superior oil quality in palmarosa (Cymbopogon martiniivar. martinii) are described. The oil content was increased in all the 20 mutants as compared to their respective contols. Most M2generation mutants were found to exhibit a straight relationship between high herbage (stem, leaves and inflorescence) yield, oil content (%) and oil quality in terms of major and trace constituents of the oil. Six mutants specifically were endowed with the desirable rosy note which remained predominant in the samples of Trishna-gamma-5, MP-gamma-13, Tripta-gamma-8, Tripta-EMS-19, Tripta-EMS-21 and PKC-EI-44. The fresh herbage and oil yield and odor criteria, i.e., rosy note were satisified by the three best mutants, viz., Trishna-gamma-5, MP-gamma-13 and Tripta-gamma-19. The results have been interpreted in the sense that induction of mutations brings about gene level changes from dominance to recessive and vice versa in morpho-economic traits having quantitative trait loci (QTL) under polygenic genetic control.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.2000.9699575

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The steam distilled essential oil from aerial parts ofDittrichia graveolens(L.) Greuter was analyzed by GC/MS. Fifteen compounds were identified constituting 91% of the oil. The major components being borneol (60.7%), β-caryophyllene (8.3%) and bornyl acetate (6.8%).

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.2000.9699576

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Three essential oils (Ceylon citronella, Cedarleaf and Geranium) were evaluated for their fungitoxic activity against four major sapstain fungi (Ophiostoma picea, Aureobasium pullulans, Alternaria alternata, Gliocladium viride) and compatibility with one potential biocontrol fungus (Gliocladium roseurri). Sapstain fungi, which belong to deuteromycetes and ascomycetes, generally colonize and discolor the sapwood of softwood and hardwood lumber. Geranium and citronella oils inhibited growth of all fungi at medium (2.5%, volume/volume) and high (5%, volume/volume) concentrations respectively except forO. piceae and G. viride.Cedarleaf oil inhibitedO. piceaeat all concentrations andA. alternaiaat only high concentration. Cedarleaf oil was also partially compatible with the biological control agent,G. roseum.None of the oils evaluated could be characterized as a selective sterilant.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.2000.9699577

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Two samples of the essential oils fromThymus herba-baronaLoisel (Labiatae) of Sardinian origin were chemically characterized and their antimicrobial activity evaluated, in comparison withT. vulgarisandT. serpyllumoils, on the basis of their minimum inhibitory concentrations (M.I.C.s) and of the contact times required to totally inhibit development of microorganisms. GC and GC/MS analysis showed that the main components of essential oils ofT. herba-baronawere carvacrol (75.4% and 73–0%), borneol (3.6% and 6.4%) and p-cymene (3.9% and 3.3%), while the percentage of thymol was very low (1.0% and 0.7%). Results of the antimicrobial investigation demonstrated that both oils possessed similar and relevant microbicidal activities, especially against Gram+ bacteria (M.I.C.s range 0.125–0.500 mg/mL) and mycetes (M.I.C.s 0.125–0.500 mg/mL). At inhibitory concentrations, times required to kill microbial inocula (5–10 min) are comparable with those of chlorhexidine gluconate, an antiseptic with a broad range of antimicrobial activities. The strong activity ofT. herba-baronaoils is very probably due to the presence of carvacrol, which was found from our screenings to exhibit a similar antimicrobial activity. Our findings provide for a rationale basis of a possible utilization of this oil in fields requiring safe and cheap compounds with antiseptic and preservative properties, such as cosmetic, pharmaceutical and food industries.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.2000.9699578

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.2000.9699579

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor