摘要:

The National Conservatory of Medicinal, Aromatic and Industrial Plants at Milly-la-Forêt, France, cloned 70 individual plants selected according to macromorphological criteria in 59 populations of diverse origins. They were described and compared in terms of 33 features using main component analysis (MCA). The chemical compositions of the oils isolated from each clone allowed a classification in six groups. The main components were respectively: sabinene, germacrene D, β-caryophyllene, cis-sabinene hydrate, terpinen-4-ol and hydrocarbon monoterpenes. No correlation could be found between morphological structure and chemical composition.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1998.9700861

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Analysis of the volatile oil from the seeds ofZanthoxylum alatumRoxb. by capillary GC resulted in the identification of 31 components comprising 99–2% of the total oil. In all 21 monoterpenes, 7 sesquiterpenes, (E)-methyl cinnamate, ethyl 9-hexadecenoate and ethyl hexadecanoate were positively identified. Linalool (87.7%) was the main constituent found.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1998.9700862

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The essential oil ofTeucrium flavumsubsp.hellenicumgrowing wild in Greece was studied by GC and GC/MS. More than 30 compounds were identified, with germacrene D (22.3%), β-caryophyllene (22.2%), spathulenol (17.9%) and α-humulene (11.8%) as main components.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1998.9700863

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The oil from inflorescences ofSalvia pratensisL. subsp.haematodes(L.) Briq. was obtained by hydrodistillation. The oil content was 0.039% (v/w), on a fresh weight basis. The oil composition was analyzed by GC and GC/MS, and 32 compounds were identified. The oil showed a prevalence of monoterpenoid compounds, with sabinene (21.0%) as the main constituent.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1998.9700864

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Essential oils fromAnisotome antipodaandA latifolia, endemic to New Zealand's subantarctic Auckland and Campbell Islands, have been examined by GC and GC/MS. The oil fromA. antipodawas rich in γ-terpinene (35.1%) and terpinolene (34.3%). TheA. latifoliaoil contained a mixture of phenolics and sesquiterpenes, and had mild antifungal activity. The phenolics apiole (9.0–23.8%) and elemicin (9.4–46.6%) were the main antifungal components. The rare sesquiterpene ketone, (+)-trans-α- bergamoten-10-one (7.8–25.3%), was fully characterized by MS and NMR.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1998.9700865

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Citrus medicaL. cv. Diamante collected in Calabria (Italy) was extracted by different technologies. The traditional hydrodistillation and solvent methods were compared to the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (SCF-CO2) performed at two fluid densities: the lowest at 250 g/dm3and the highest at 875 g/dm3. The effect of the drying process on the peels was studied, and the oil loss was found to be low. The solubility power of CO2(related to its density) was observed. An enrichment of the less-volatile components like sesquiterpenes, heterocyclic compounds and waxes was quantified in the SCF-CO2extracts. The monoterpene hydrocarbons were about 95% in the hydrodistillates and in the pentane extract, but these components decreased in the SCF-extracts to a value lower than 85%. The sesquiterpenes were about 0.62% in the hydrodistillates and 1.40% in the pentane extract, but high quantities were found in the SCF-CO2extracts: 5.64% in the extraction performed at low CO2density and 12.09% at high CO2density. In particular, the SCF-CO2extract was determined to be rich in phytol and citropten. The high content of waxes in SCF-CO2extract at high fluid density is proved by the dilution of the volatile components. Limonene was about 60 g in 100 g of the hydrodistilled, but only 4.5 g was in 100 g of SCF-CO2extract at 875 g/dm3of CO2density, in the same a decrease of other terpenes was quantified. Differences in the ratio of some monoterpene hydrocarbons were also observed when compared to literature data.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1998.9700866

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The chemical composition of the oil ofParthenium hysterophorusL. was investigated by GC and GC/MS and 50.8% of the oil was characterized. The major constituents were found to be germacrene D (8.4%) and geraniol (7.8%).

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1998.9700867

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The effects of some formulations ofSalvia officinalisoil and camphor on tomato plants infected withBotrytis cinereaare reported. Aqueous dispersions of the oil were prepared, absorbed in a swelling matrix of semisynthetic copolymers obtained by the graft polymerization of acrylic monomers on gelled starch. Preliminary results showed thatin vivothese formulations inhibited growth of the mycelium at concentrations of between 5 and 10 g/L. Protection against experimental infection withB. cinereawas comparable to that obtained with Dichlofluanid, one of the most effective synthetic fungicides against the pathogen, at a concentration of 1.5 g/L. This encourages further research in this field to determine whether essential oils could be used in combination with synthetic fungicides as a measure to reduce environmental pollution and also to prevent the development of resistant strains.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1998.9700868

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The oils of the three types (neral/geranial, methyl chavicol/methyl eugenol and chavicol/eugenol) ofPimenta racemosavar.racemosahave been tested to determine their antimicrobial activities against five bacterial strains(Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, andMycobacterium smegmatis), and five fungi(Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Absidia corymbifera, Penicillum verrucosum, andCladosporium cladosporioides).The bacterial strains were much less sensitive to all oils than the fungi strains. Although the oils were bacteriostatic and fungistatic, they were not microbiocidal against the strains tested.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1998.9700869

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Essential oils, extracted from species of the genusZieriausing cold methanol extraction, were used to divide theZieriaspecies into eight groups based on the chemical compositions of their oils using hierarchical cluster analysis. The major components of mostZieriaoils were oxygenated terpenes or other related compounds including car-3-en-2-one, chrysanthenone, eucarvone, methyl eugenol, elemicin and safrole. In several of theZieriaoils the major oxygenated monoterpene made up between 50–60% of the oil composition. Measurements of minimum inhibitory concentration, using an agar dilution method andE. coli, Staph, aureus, Ps. aeruginosaandC. albicansas test organisms, have demonstrated that essential oils fromZieriaexhibit antimicrobial activity. Several of the major oxygenated compounds were tested individually and found, in most cases, to be comparable in bioactivity to the oils in which they occurred.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1998.9700870

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor