摘要:

The floral volatiles ofElaeagnus umbellataThunb. (autumn olive) were isolated by simultaneous steam distillation/extraction and “purge and trap” techniques. Extracts were analyzed by GC/M S. In the steam distillate, 84 peaks were detected of which 56 were assigned structures. In the “purge and trap” analysis, 47 peaks were detected with 37 assigned structures. The principal steam distillate constituents were palmitic acid, C14to C20fatty acid methyl esters, eugenol, 4-methyl phenol, phenylaeetaldehyde, and (E)-2-nonenal. Among the headspace volatiles recovered by “purge and trap,” the most abundant compounds were 4-methyl anisole, 4-methoxy anisole, 4-methyl phenol, (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, and (E)-2-hexenal. The composition of the essential oil indicates that it may have commercial value.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1995.9698541

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A description of the habitat and areas where sevenBaccharisspecies(B. caprariaefoliafemale and male,B. dracunculifoliafemale and male,B. eriocladafemale and male,B. myriocephala, B. platipoda, B. tridentata, B. vincaefolia)are grown, is presented. The essential oils of the aerial parts were obtained by hydrodistillation and examined by GC and GC/MS. The major constituents were:B. caprariaefolia(female/male): β -caryophyllene (17.09%/15.73%);B. dracunculifolia(female/male): β-selinene (9.90%/11.00%); (E)-nerolidol (20.80%/12.02%);B. erioclada(female/male): β-pinene (21.44%/1.16%), limonene (15.16%/2.68%), β-caryophyllene (4.21%/10.70%), spathulenol (6.61%/12.57%);B. myriocephala:δ-cadinene (9.44%), (E)-nerolidol (9.01%/12.57%);B. myriocephala:δ-cadinene (9.44%), (E)-nerolidol (9.01%) and spathulenol (9.44%);B. platipoda:spathulenol (8.76%);B. tridentata:spathulenol (21.20%) and B.vincaefolia:δ-caryophyllene (8.66%), δ-cadinene (8.88%). An oil composition variation between male and female plants ofB. caprariaefolia, B. dracunculifoliaandB. eriocladawas detected. Further experiments observing aB. dracunculifolia(female/male) population of 20 specimens revealed a seasonal and daytime oil composition variation. A preliminary field work on pollinator insects was undertaken.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1995.9698542

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The oil ofThymus serpylloidesBory subsp.gadorensis(Pau) Jalas (Lamiaceae), has been examined by GC and GC/MS. The composition of oils obtained from plants harvested at different phenological stages were found to contain thymol (0.80–15.82%) and carvacrol (2.02–73.54%) as major constituents over two separate growing seasons. The highest oil yields were obtained from female plants. At full flowering, female plants possessed 1.48–2.10% oil as compared to 0.60–0.80% oil for hermaphrodite plants.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1995.9698543

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The chemical composition of the essential oils produced fromTagetes minutawhich was harvested in Rwanda and France at various locations and growth stages, and isolated from different plant parts (flowers, leaves, seeds), was studied. The samples analyzed fell into four categories. Generally, (Z)-β-ocimene predominated in oil from flowers, and dihydrotagetone predominated in that from leaves. Tagetones and tagetenones occurred together or separately in large or small amounts. French oils differened from other oils by its preponderance of (Z)-tagetenone.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1995.9698544

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The present in vitro work studied (against carbachol) the spasmolytic activity of the essential oil obtained from the flowers of two chemotypes ofArtemisia thuscula, endemic plant in the Canary Islands. Both oils displayed dose-dependent and essentially noncompetitive spasmolytic action. The davanone chemotype (46%) found in the samples gathered from the island of Tenerife, was more potent, and its spasmolytic activity was attributable mainly to the davanone itself. The camphor chemotype (36%) found in the samples gathered from the island of Hierro was less active; its spasmolytic effect clearly is not due to camphor. The spasmolytic effect of this camphor chemotype is believed to be due in part to the β-thujone content; however, the majority of the activity is probably due to other substances present in the oil.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1995.9698545

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The volatile secondary metabolites of the morphologically similar marine spongesPlakortis litaandP. angulospiculatus, obtained by means of dynamic headspace and hydrodistillation, were analyzed and quantified by GC, GC/MS and NMR techniques. Comparison of the chemical profiles based on the headspace volatiles of the two species showed significant differences. The majority of the volatile constituents ofP. litawere found to be oxygenated hydrocarbons and (E)-7-methyl-4-octen-3-one was identified as the main constituent. Most of the identifiedP. angulospiculatuswere non-oxygenated hydrocarbons and 1-butyl-2-ethyl cyclopentane was the major constituent of the essential oil. The differences observed in the chemical composition of the two organisms, when combined with the morphoanatomical characters, can be a valuable identification tool.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1995.9698546

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A populationof Thymus zygisssp.gracilisfrom Filabres (Almería, Spain) called red-verbena thyme (RV) has been identified as being different from the ordinary red thyme (R) because its essential oil contains 8–9 times more linalool (38% in RV, 4.3% in R). Further differences have been observed because under cultivation (1991–1993), this linalool-rich thyme produced more leaves (63% total dry matter) and oil (1.6% of fresh matter) than the standard red thyme (46% and 0.6% respectively).

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1995.9698547

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Different spray schedules of Dinocap tested for control of powdery mildew(Erysiphe polygoniDC) in coriander(Coriandrum sativumL.) demonstrated that disease control varied with cultivars differing in maturing periods. The late-maturing cultivar had the greatest differnce in disease severity, seed yield, 100-seed weight and oil yield between fungicide treated and untreated plots. Weekly applications of Dinocap provided greater disease control and substantial increase in yield compared to bi-weekly applications in late-maturing cultivars. No such additional yield advantages were obtained on treatment of early-maturing cultivars. These results suggest the importance of frequent applications of fungicide to achieve better disease control and higher yield in late-maturing cultivars but indicate that such tactics may be economical in early-maturing cultivars.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1995.9698548

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The chemical composition of the essential oil of the leaves ofCistus creticusL., (Fam. Cistaceae), was investigated by GC/MS. Among the 49 components identified, (representing 76.56% of the oil composition) diterpenes (59.59%) predominated. The major components were manoyl oxide (19.61%) and 13-epi-manoyl oxide (13.44%). The oil ofC. creticuswas found to exhibit a strong antibacterial activity against Gram + bacteria.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1995.9698549

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Water distilled essential oils from aerial parts ofThymus sipyleussubsp.sipyleusvar.sipyleus, an endemic species of Turkey, collected from five different localities were examined by capillary GC and GC/MS. Seventy-seven compounds were characterized. Geranial (8.39–36.97%) and neral (3.08–25.56%) were major constituents of two of these lemon-scented oils. Linalool (21.77%) and α-terpineol + isoborneol (25.48%) were the main constituents in the oils of two collections, respectively.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1995.9698550

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor