摘要:

The composition of the volatile leaf oils ofJuniperus davurica, putativeJ. davuricaplants cultivated in Alma Ata and Moscow, and cv.expansa variegataare reported. The major compounds ofJ. davurica(Mongolia) are sabinene (28.6%), cedrol (11.5%), methyl citronellate (7.4%), citronellol (6.5%), terpinen-4-ol (5.8%) and α-pinene (4.1%). In contrast, the major compounds ofJ. davurica cv. expansa variegataare bornyl acetate (23.5%), sabinene (13.1%), terpinen-4-ol (7.7%), manool (6.3%) and myrcene (6.0%).

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1994.9698367

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The leaf oil composition ofSalvia hispanicaL. (black chia) from plants grown in three georgraphical areas, southern California, southeastern Texas, and northwestern Argentina, was analyzed by GC/MS. Fifty-two different components were detected in varying amounts within the three samples, of which forty-two were identified. The major components detected were: β-caryophyllene, globulol, γ-muurolene, β-pinene, α-humulene, germacrene-B, and widdrol. Components with lesser amounts were β-bourbonene, linalool, valencene, and x-τcadinol. The dominant component for the Texas sample was β-caryophyllene (36%); while globulol was dominant from samples grown in California (22%) and northwestern Argentina (13%). Other components varied among the samples as well. The differences are attributed to geographical location, differing climatic conditions, and perhaps different handling of the leaf material after harvest since all plants came from the same seed source. The chia essential leaf oils are of interest for their potential flavoring and fragrance value, and because the foliage seems to deter whitefly and other insect attack.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1994.9698368

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The composition of the essential oils of 29 individual trees ofAbies balsamea(L.) Mill, were investigated by a combination of retention times (GC with capillary columns) and GC/MS. The oils were obtained by steam distillation from various parts of plants harvested north of Forestville, Quebec. A total of 209 peaks were detected by chromatography of which a maximum of 106 peaks were recorded for one sample. The composition of these oils is similar to that previously published. Monoterpenes are the most important products (>95% of the total). β-Pinene and δ-3-carene are the main components (38% and 12%, respectively). Oxygenated compounds such as bornyl acetate (9%), α- and β-terpineol (1.5%) and thymol (0.45%) were also observed in smaller amounts. From the individual composition of these oils, it is concluded that all the members may be divided into two different groups (chemotypes). The first group is rich in δ-3-carene (18.7%, σ = 5.3), while the second group contains only a small percentage of this monoterpene (0.72%, σ = 0.50). The same kind of division was observed with thymol. The majority of the individual trees have a low content of this oxygenated terpene (<0.06%). Five trees have a thymol concentration between 1.5% and 3.0%. These five trees belong to groups of A.balsameathat are both rich and poor in δ-3-carene.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1994.9698369

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The essential oil ofSideritis romanaL. was investigated for the first time. It shows a typical composition due to the significant presence of limonene (11.8%) and carvacrol (20.1%).

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1994.9698370

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Ten genotypes including nine diploids (2n=30) and one auto tetraploid (2n=60) ofColeus forskohliiwere multiplied and their root oils were examined by GC/MS. The major constituents of the oil from these genotypes are: 3-decanone (7.0%), bornyl acetate (15%), a sesquiterpene hydrocarbon (7.5%), β-sesquiphellandrene (13.15%) and γ-eudesmol (12.5%).

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1994.9698371

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The volatile constituents of the secretory glands ofZanthoxylum bungeanumMaxim, fruits were directly sampled by means of glass microneedles and investigated by GC and GC/MS. The main compounds of the secretory mixture were β-phellandrene (36.68%), hydroxy-α-sanshool (19.51%), piperitone (9.29%) and β-pinene (9.23%). The composition of the secretory mixture was also compared with that of the essential oils of the fruits obtained by hydrodistillation.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1994.9698372

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The effect of day length, night temperatures and photon flux density on the growth and oil yield of the Tasmanian native species,Olearia phlogopappa(Labill.) were examined. High photon flux densities (PFD) resulted in significant increases in plant height, stem diameter and percentage oil yield. In addition, 16 h periods of photosynthetically active radiation increased plant height and percentage dry matter. Infrared gas analysis was used to study the effect of PFD and temperature on carbon dixoide assimilation. Light saturation occurred at 200 to 400 μmol.m−2S−1. Adaptation to low temperatures is evident in that optimum photosynthesis occurs at 15–20°C, but is greater at 5°C than at temperatures above 25°C. First-year leaves have higher rates of assimilation than second-year leaves. This is in agreement with the observation that more essential oil is accumulated in first-year leaves than in second-year leaves.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1994.9698373

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The essential oils ofArtemisia annuawere isolated and analyzed at different stages of flowering using a combination of GC and GC/MS. At the peak of flowering, the proportion of artemisia ketone (the most abundant component) exceeded 50% and the oil yield was 0.4–0.5%.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1994.9698374

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The densities of essential oils from traditional herb and New Zealand native species were measured over the temperature range 20°-60°C. The density of all oils decreased as temperatures increased. There was some variation between oils in the temperature coefficients of the change in density. The density differentials between oil and water and their temperature coefficients varied markedly between the different oils. A preliminary separation coefficient is used to indicate the effect of oil density and condensate water viscosity on oil separation at different temperatures. Separation of less dense oils with small differentials (fennel) would benefit more from increased temperatures than less dense oils with large differentials (coriander). It is necessary to use both density and viscosity data to determine if temperature control of a separator will be required to obtain efficient separation of an oil from the condensate stream.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1994.9698375

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Bactericidal and fungicidal effects of eight plant extracts on the growth of two honeybee pathogens,Bacillus larvae(causative agent of American foulbrood) andAscosphaera apis(causative agent of chalkbrood), andBacillus alvei(a secondary invader in European foulbrood), were evaluated. Cinnamon oil completely inhibited the growth ofB. larvaeat 10 ppm for 72 h. Camphor and citronellal inhibited all growth at 100 ppm for 72 h. Bay oil, clove oil, origanum oil, and thymol inhibited all growth at 1,000 ppm for 72 h, and α-terpinene inhibited all growth at 10,000 ppm for 72 h. Cinnamon oil completely inhibited the growth of A.apisat 100 ppm for 168 h. Bay oil, citronellal, clove oil, origanum oil and thymol inhibited all growth at 1,000 ppm for 168 h. Camphor inhibited all growth at 10,000 ppm for 168 h, and α-terpinene inhibited all growth for 72 h at 10,000 ppm. Cinnamon oil and thymol completely inhibited the growth ofB. alveiat 10 ppm for 72 h. Bay oil, camphor and origanum oil inhibited all growth at 100 ppm for 72 h. Clove oil and citronellal inhibited all growth at 1,000 ppm for 72 h, and α-terpinene inhibited growth at 10,000 ppm for 72 h. Several compounds reduced growth in a dose dependent manner at levels below their threshold values. These results suggest that plant extracts might play a significant role in the management of honeybee diseases.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1994.9698376

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor