摘要:

The majority of Australian species (30) of the genusCallistemongave leaf essential oils with 1,8-cineole as the major component (45–80%). Other compounds present in these species included α-pinene (2–40%, the majority being 2–8%), limonene (2–9%, the majority being 5–8%) and α-terpineol (1–13%, the majority being 5–10%). The species that produced these oils did so in oil yields of 0.1–1.0%. The species giving very low oil yields (<0.1%),viz. C. brachyandrus, C. montanus, C. polandii, C. teretifolius, C.sp. (Walsh's Pyramid P.I. Forster 13767),C.sp. nov. “Oakey,”C. pachyphyllus, as a general rule, produced oils in which the amount of 1,8-cineole was low (<20%) and generally there was a preponderance of sesquiterpenes.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1998.9700986

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The propagation of open pollinated seed from two camphor trees with a high camphor and linalool content, respectively, yielded 115 progeny. The chemical composition of the leaf oils of these trees was analyzed by a combination of capillary GC and GC/MS. Four chemotypes could be distinguished among the 57 trees cultivated from a single mother tree rich in camphor[Cinnamomum camphora(L.) Sieb.]. The first group (23 trees) was rich in camphor (62–93%), and the second group (13 progeny) contained 1,8-cineole and a-terpineol as major compounds (30–57% and 14–25%, respectively). Thirteen trees yielded oils rich in (E)-nerolidol and 9-oxonerolidol (47–84%). The oils of eight other trees also contained (E)-nerolidol and 9-oxonerolidol (22–36%) but contained higher proportions of safrole (30–70%). The leaf oils of 58 individual trees propagated from another mother tree which was rich in linalool [C. camphora(L.) Sieb. var.linaloolifera], indicated the presence of six chemotypes. Most of the progeny, 33 trees, contained oils rich in linalool (72–96%), and seven trees yielded oils containing camphor as major constituent (70–86%). The oils from eight trees contained mainly (E)-nerolidol and 9-oxonerolidol (61–91%), while those from six progeny contained a mixture of camphor (19–71%) and linalool (14–72%). Three trees yielded oils rich in 1,8-cineole (54–56%), β-pinene (16–24%) and α-terpineol (9–11%). The oil of one tree was characterized by the significant presence of linalool (38%), 1,8-cineole (36%) and β-pinene (11%).

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1998.9700987

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The chemical compositions of 15 commercial samples of essential oils of leaves ofMyrtus communisL. from five different Mediterranean locations (Corsica, Morocco, Tunisia, Lebanon, and former Yugoslavia) were studied. Forty-seven compounds were identified by GC/MS. They could be divided into two groups on the basis of their percentages of α-pinene; over 50% (Corsica and Tunisia), and under 35% (the others). The percentages of limonene, 1,8-cineole and myrtenyl acetate were consistent with this classification. The chemical compositions of these oils can be compared to those of Spanish oils.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1998.9700988

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The essential oils obtained from five commercial samples of Sicilian aromatic plants, laurel, sage, oregano, rosemary and coriander were analyzed by GC/MS and assayed for their antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activities. Twenty-five different genera of bacteria and one fungal species were used in this study as test organisms. The oils showed a high degree of inhibition against all the microorganisms tested. The highest and broadest activity was shown by the oil of oregano, while the oil of sage was the least effective. The antioxidant activity of the oils was measured by the modified Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Species (TBARS) assay, using egg yolk and rat liver as oxidable substrate, in absence and in presence of the radical inducer 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (ABAP). The activities were compared with those of α-tocopherol and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT, butylated hydroxytoluene). The oils showed different effectiveness, the oregano oil being endowed with the highest activity. Chemical components of the oils, lipid composition of die substrates and the increased amount of peroxyl radicals played a fundamental role in establishing the different antioxidant activities of the oils.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1998.9700989

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The fungitoxicity of essential oil of peppermint (Mentha piperita) and its primary monoterpene constituents, namely menthol, neomenthol, linalool, menthyl acetate and menthone was assayed. Median effective concentrations (EC50) of these constituents for the mycelial growth inhibition ofColletotrichum gloeosporioideswere determined and were compared with those of geraniol and citronellol which are the chief constituents of the oil of scented geranium (Pelargoniumsp.). Structure-activity relationship studies revealed that alcoholic group is necessary for activity and that primary alcoholic group is the most potent followed by secondary alcoholic, while the tertiary alcoholic group is the least potent.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1998.9700990

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Fresh ripe fruits ofMandragora autumnaliswere subjected to water distillation and headspace trapping. Both products were analyzed by GC/MS. In the essential oil, 100 compounds were characterized representing 92% of the oil with ethyl decanoate (14.2%), ethyl dodecanoate (13–1%) and decyl acetate (10.7%). Forty nine headspace constituents were identified making up of 99–2% of the total components detected. The main components were ethyl hexanoate (34.6%) and ethyl butyrate (25.5%).

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1998.9700991

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The essential oils from flower heads and disc florets of wildChamomilla recutita(L.) Rausch., collected in Attica (Greece), were obtained by hydrodistillation. With the use of GC and GC/MS, 21 components were identified in both oils. The major constituents, were (E)-β-farnesene (21.2% and 5.6%) and bisabolone oxide A (16.0% and 9.0%) in the oils of the flower heads and disc florets, respectively.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1998.9700992

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Dried plants ofValeriana celticaL. ssp.noricaVierh. collected in Austria have been divided in two fractions, one containing the rootlets and the other containing rhizomes and rest of stems and leaves. The rootlets showed higher oil contents (2.5% in contrast to 0.75% of the rhizomes) and higher amounts of patchouli alcohol (15.1%) and of an unknown oxygenated sesquiterpene (13–2%) than the rhizomes. The rhizomes contained more aromadendrene (14.0% vs. 6.5% of the rootlets). Other main compounds were β-pinene, α-guaiene/seychellene, spathulenol and two other unknown compounds of MW-220. The Austrian oil ofV. celticassp.noricadiffers compared to Italian leaf oil ofV. celticafrom the Aosta valley, especially in the content of isovaleric acid and patchouli alcohol.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1998.9700993

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Steam distilled essential oil from aerial parts ofSatureja Julianawas analyzed by GC/MS. Twenty-nine compounds were identified, of which α-pinene (27.9%), β-bisabolol (15.0%) and β-pinene (13.1%) were the major constituents.

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1998.9700994

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The essential oil from inflorescence, fruit, bark and leaves ofCroton lanjouwensisJablonski was analyzed by GC/MS. The major constituents found in the leaf oil α-pinene (26.6%) and α-phellandrene (8.5%); in the fruit oil linalool (14.5%) and β-caryophyllene (190%); in the inflorescence oil α-pinene (28.4%) and linalool (26.7%) and in the bark oil α-pinene (72.2%).

ISSN:1041-2905    

DOI:10.1080/10412905.1998.9700995

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1998

数据来源: Taylor