摘要:

ABSTRACT:This article represents an overview of the various types of evaluation research conducted in the fields of crisis intervention, suicide prevention, and mental health in general. An attempt is made to classify it according to its content and purpose, and to assess the relative merit of each. Emphasis is on goal attainment and outcome type of evaluation.

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1976.tb00671.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Thirteen homicide‐suicides, events in which an individual murders one or more persons and kills himself immediately afterward, were studied. Findings were presented in terms of the setting in which these events occurred, the relationship between perpetrator and victim, and the rationalizations produced by the perpetrators to explain their behavior. The results are interpreted to suggest that persons who commit homicide‐suicide are acting out a three‐party rescue fantasy in an attempt to resolve unbearable s

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1976.tb00672.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Efforts to predict a future event assume varying levels of confidence depending on its base rate and the error rate of the prediction instrument. Most researchers working with suicide prediction instruments seem tacitly to assume they will be able to predict a future suicide most of the time. Applying basic decision theory on a neuropsychiatric hospital population indicates that researchers using a prediction schedule will be unlikely to predict a future suicide beyond a 20% level of efficiency. Contrary to the general clinical view, eliminating false negatives was shown to be more practical than eliminating false positives in increasing the efficiency of a predictive schedule.

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1976.tb00673.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:The focus of the present investigation was to examine the importance of a control group in suicide research and to develop an instrument to disguish between levels of suicidal thought among subjects who had a history of attempted suicide and among a comparison group of nonsuicidal individuals. The sample was comprised of female university students ranging in age from 18 to 25 years. A 31‐item questionnaire designed by the investigator was given to 199 students, 20 of whom were found to have histories of one or more previous suicide attempts. The remaining 179 nonsuicidal subjects were divided into two categories based on the frequency of expressed suicidal thought. Fifty individuals were randomly selected from each of these two groups. The three groups (individuals who had attempted suicide, individuals who had not attempted suicide but who thought about suicide on a frequent basis, and individuals who had not attempted suicide and who thought about suicide on an infrequent basis) were compared on the variables of motivation for suicidal thoughts, history of self‐destructive behaviors, probability of a future suicide attempt, and age of first suicidal considerations. A chi‐square analysis was performed on each of these items in order to assess the extent to which the items discriminated among the three comparison groups. The differences among the three groups on each of the items were found to be statistically significant at less than the .01 level. The results of the study have provided support for the necessity of a distinction between groups within a nonsuicidal comparison population and for the suggestion that there may be a quantitative relationship between the frequency of suicidal thought and the likelihood of attempted su

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1976.tb00674.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:In an attempt to determine the extent to which crisis centers meet the needs of black communities, questionnaires were sent to 12 centers. Responses were received from six. Only two centers, in Nashville and Washington, D.C., had statistics of callers identified by race. The findings from these two centers indicate that there are differences between the white and black callers with regard to age, marital status, and type of problem. As an example, the typical black male caller was older and more concerned about his job and financial problems than were white males. This kind of information suggests a need for expanded services within the crisis center framework, possibly for a more preventive approach. More data gathering concerning the black community using crisis centers is urged in order better to identify the needs of this population and the methods to be used for meeting those needs.

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1976.tb00675.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1976.tb00676.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1976.tb00677.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY