摘要:

ABSTRACT:The relationship between suicide and creativity has long been a subject of considerable concern. The author presents evidence indicating that in fact depression, suicide, and creativity are related. Several hypotheses for the relationship are posited. It is suggested that the same changes in the serotonergic system that are associated with depression in general and with impulsive suicides and homicides in the extreme may also be responsible for an element of risk taking that characterizes creativity and innovation in a person psychodynamically predisposed to being creative.

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1992.tb00226.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:This study attempts to identify coping mechanisms relevant to the prevention of progressive lethality in suicidal behavior among youth. College students (N= 296) aged 18 to 24, self‐identified as having no past suicidal ideation, mild ideation, severe ideation, or having attempted suicide, completed the Reasons for Living Inventory (Linehan, Goodstein, Nielson,&Chiles, 1983), a similarly derived instrument for age‐specific coping cognitions, and a scale of coping strategies for diminishing suicidality. Discriminant functions analyses of the mean factor scores for each scale were used to assess the pertinence of various coping mechanisms among the 4 groups. Patterns of similarities and differences in mechanisms were identif

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1992.tb00227.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:This paper examines college students' attributions about suicide as a function of gender and context (athletic vs. relationship failure). Results indicated that male athletes who suicided were considered more emotionally well‐adjusted compared to males who suicided because of a relationship failure and all females. Male and female athletes who suicided were seen as more competent and less distressed compared to those who suffered a failed relationship. Females were also seen as more distressed compared to males. These results are discussed in terms of a positive bias toward athletes in our society as well as gender stereotypes. Implications of these findings as well as methodological limitations are discusse

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1992.tb00228.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Durkheim's influential book,Suicide, provides general (economic) anomie, conjugal anomie, and sex‐role convergence explanations of changes in suicide rates under conditions of social change. We use trend analyses of American suicide rates and female/male suicide ratios from 1950 to 1984 and the regression of the ratios on female educational attainment, white female labor force participation, white fertility rates, and divorce rates to examine these explanations. The general anomie explanation of female suicide trends is supported for the middle‐aged (30 to 54 years) but not for the young (10 to 30 years) or the elderly (55 to 74 years). The conjugal anomie proposition is at best supported for age groups between 15 and 44 when general anomie is not pronounced. The role convergence explanation is rejected for all 13 5‐year‐age‐groups. General anomie may not be a viable explanation of suicide trends for groups actively supporting relevant social changes or not yet tradition‐bound or for groups whose retirement status reduces the importance of some soc

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1992.tb00229.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:This study examined the extent to which adolescents' perceptions of their family environments were associated with suicidal behavior. Fifteen suicidal adolescents, 14 psychiatric controls, and 14 normal controls rated their families on cohesiveness, adaptability, parent‐adolescent communication, parental caring, and parental over‐protectiveness. Suicidal adolescents rated their families as the least cohesive and most rigid of the 3 groups, suggesting that adolescent suicidal behavior may occur when isolation is experienced within an inflexible family system. Suicidal and psychiatric control adolescents rated their families as similarly dysfunctional along the remaining variables, and as more dysfunctional than families of normal control adolescents. The implications of these findings are discussed, and it is suggested that several characteristics commonly attributed to families of suicidal adolescents may actually be general risk factors for adolescent psychopathology, rather than for suicidal behavior specifica

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1992.tb00230.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:The paper utilizes a natural experiment approach to estimate the impact of exogenous social and political events on suicide behavior in the United States between 1910 and 1920. The study is concerned with determining the impact of World War I, the great Influenza Epidemic, and the prohibition experiment on suicide. Estimating the monthly population in the United States registration area from 1910 to 1920, monthly suicide and mortality rates are computed. A time‐series model is postulated, and second‐order autoregressive estimates are used to determine the impact of the independent variables in the model. It is concluded that World War I did not influence suicide; the Great Influenza Epidemic caused it to increase; and the continuing decline in alcohol consumption between 1910 and 1920 depressed national suicide rates. Further individual‐level aggregate studies are needed to confirm the findings of the

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1992.tb00231.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Previous work on the media and suicide has neglected the mood of the audience in its models. The present study tests the thesis from symbolic interaction theory that the degree of media influence is contingent on audience receptivity. Audience receptivity to suicide stories is assumed to be high in the Great Depression given widespread unemployment, a condition thought to promote suicidogenic mood such as anomie. A taxonomy of stories is developed using classic imitation, social learning, and differential identification theories. Analysis of monthly data on suicide and publicized stories finds, however, little supporting evidence. Only stories concerning political leaders were associated with suicide. Stories concerning other categories of victims, such as villains, entertainers, and foreigners, were not associated with suicide. Possibly the potential impact was offset by other factors such as the absence of television to echo for the messages carried by the newspapers and radio and heightened political integration.

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1992.tb00232.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1992.tb00233.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1992.tb00234.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1992.tb00235.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY