摘要:

ABSTRACT:In the most recent decade, the suicide rate among young blacks has risen to the point where it is nearly as high as that of their white peers. The data in this analysis reflect the striking contrast in age distribution in the suicide patterns of whites and blacks. Whereas white suicide increases in direct relation with advancing chronological age, suicide among blacks reaches its peak in the youthful years. Current statistics fail to reflect a “dramatic” or significant increase in the suicide rate of black women. Contrary to popular belief, black men in their twenties represent the most suicide‐prone group. Young black males have been committing suicide at a steadily increasing rate during the past six years. Regionally, black suicide rates are highest in the North and West and lowest in the South. White suicide rates reflect a slightly different regional distribution. The highest rates occur in the West and the lowest in the

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1979.tb00557.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:This paper outlines procedures for conducting interviews with relatives of suicide victims or survivors of equivocal deaths, by means of the “psychological autopsy.” A number of methodological recommendations are made which deal with training interviewers, contacting survivors and using experimental contr

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1979.tb00558.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Durkheim divided suicide into four social types; egoistic, anomic, fatalistic, and altruistic assigning the first two to modern, western society while relegating the last two to pre‐industrial social orders. However, contemporary studies of female suicidal behavior and depression show that such women exhibit personality characteristics of low self‐esteem, passivity, dependence and living vicariously for others which correspond to the behavioral indices of impersonalism, submissiveness, passivity, and obedience, that produce the lack of individuation characteristic of Durkheim's altruistic/fatalistic suicide categories. On this basis, the author suggests that altruistic/fatalistic suicide may even in the modern world be relevant to the explanation of female suicidal behavior, a hypothesis which, if true, would support the contention that “men and women inhabit different social wo

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1979.tb00559.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:The relatively high suicide rate in France is investigated and a number of influences are hypothesized as causative. These include, on a societal and demographic level, a history of high immigration, low emigration, a high proportion of old people, high urbanization, extraordinarily high alcoholism, and the extreme gap in income between upper and lower classes. The rigid bureaucracy of the state can leave the individual feeling infuriated and defeated. The legal system produces many injustices, such as long imprisonment without charges. The Church is liberal and supplies little prophylaxis against suicide. Overall, social integration must be judged to be low. Culturally, French values include an underlying pessimism, no strong fear of death, strong pressures to behave correctly and much malice toward neighbors. The modal personality structure contains defensive, constricted elements producing a vulnerable pseudo‐autonomy. French child‐rearing practices are effective in producing such personalit

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1979.tb00560.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:The present research was an attempt to test two hypotheses derived from a recently proposed social psychological model of suicide: The acceptability of suicide is a decreasing function of religiosity and fear of death. Questionnaire data were collected for 205 undergraduates at a midwestern university in 1978. The questionnaire included several measures of religiosity, a factor analytic multidimensional fear of death scale, and a suicide acceptability scale. Results, showing that all of the religiosity measures and certain types of fear of death were significantly related to the acceptability of suicide, supported the hypotheses under examination.

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1979.tb00561.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Constant efforts to improve crisis services have led to many innovative programs. Some have proven their feasibility and become established procedures. Others are now in a developing stage and still others represent new approaches. A survey of 50 suicide prevention and crisis services around the world provides evidence of a trend toward a broadening range of services, a more active case‐finding approach, greater visibility, increased integration into the community care system, and creative leadership by newer and smaller centers as well as the well‐established ones. This is being accomplished without relinquishing the traditional respect for anonymity, ever‐present availability, and a nonjudgmental regard for each person's

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1979.tb00562.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:This paper presents a discussion of the idea of “partial death” as it relates to the subculture of the beats or hypsters, especially in San Francisco, from about 1948 to 1964, with special emphasis on the works of Kerouac and Ginsberg and a study by Rigney and Sm

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1979.tb00563.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY