摘要:

ABSTRACT:Of the research on health and economic stress, the approach that has produced the strongest findings has been the aggregate time‐series analysis of unemployment and suicide rates. A review of the literature indicates that this aggregate work has been disputed on both methodological and interpretive grounds. To address these issues, two studies of the relationship between economic stress and suicide were conducted on the same population. The first, reported in this paper (Part 1), replicated the aggregate time‐series work with improvements in method, using monthly data for 1975–1982 for Los Angeles. A second study (reported in Part 2) combined aggregate economic indicators with individual‐level measures of stressful events, symptoms, and suicidal i

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1989.tb00564.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:This paper reports the second of two studies of the hypothesis that the economy affects suicide; both studies were based in the same community during approximately the same time period. Although many aggregate‐level tests have been conducted using archival measures of unemployment and suicide (the approach used in Part 1), the impact of economic climate on suicidal ideation has not been measured at the individual level. In the study reported here, aggregate economic indicators were combined with individual‐level measures of stressful events, symptoms, and suicidal ideation obtained in a survey of Los Angeles from 1978 to 1982. Each of the two studies revealed small associations between economic stress and suicide or suicidal ideation, but they were inconsistent with respect to specific subgro

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1989.tb00565.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Patients with eating disorders are at high risk for self‐mutilation (e.g., skin cutting and burning), and vice versa. Evidence for this linkage comes from a literature review, from patient interviews, from responses to an instrument we have developed (the Self‐Harm Behavior Survey), and from three instructive case reports. Even if the self‐mutilation in these patients is regarded as a Borderline Personality Disorder symptom, DSM‐IV should list it as an associated feature or a complication of Anorexia Nervosa/Bulimia Nervosa. In lieu of a dual diagnosis, we postulate that the combination of self‐mutilation, anorexia, bulimia, and other symptoms (such as episodic alcohol abuse and swallowing foreign objects) may be manifestations of an impulse control disorder known as the “deliberate self‐h

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1989.tb00566.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:This paper analyzes trends in the male–female suicide ratio in Australia, using data for the period 1901–1985. The main finding of the paper is that modernization, as measured by an index composed of the female participation rate in the labor force and the urbanization rate, is positively related to the male–female suicide ratio. This is contrary to an earlier finding by Stack and Danigelis (1985), who reported an inverse relationship between these two variables. This finding is shown to be due to the fact that no correction was made for trend. When the data series are corrected for trend, a significant positive relationship is found between modernization and the male–female suicide ratio in Australia. Another finding of the paper is that the female suicide rate in Australia has been falling significantly since the mid‐1960s. This is also at variance with Stack and Danigelis's hypothesis that as modernization proceeds, the female suicide rate rises. We discuss reasons for this in the Australia

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1989.tb00567.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:The relationship of homosexuality to suicidal behavior was explored by questionnaire responses from 52 men in gay‐and‐lesbian college organizations and 56 men in gay rap groups. A family background of alcoholism and physical abuse, social supports perceived as rejecting of homosexuality, and no religious affiliation were associated with a history of suicidal ideation, reported by 55% of the participants. Racial/ethnic minorities tended to be overrepresented among suicidal as compared to nonsuicidal gay men. Suicide attempts, reported by 20% of the sample, were most often associated with intrapersonal distress, and occurred most often while individuals were “closeted” and/or in the context of recent rejection for being homosexual. Nearly all attempters were aware of their homosexual feelings, but had not yet established a “positive gay identity” at the time of their first suicide attempt. Suicidal behavior in gay youths may be the product both of familial factors that predispose youths to suicidal behavior, and of social and intrapersonal stressors involved in coming to terms with an emerging homosexu

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1989.tb00568.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1989.tb00569.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1989.tb00570.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY