摘要:

ABSTRACT:A semistructured interview was used to collect information on a consecutive series of 163 self‐harm patients (suicide attempters); 65.8% of the patients had a history of previous self‐harm (repeaters). Male repeaters were more likely than men with no self‐harm history (first cases) to have left school before ninth grade, to have alcohol abuse problems, and to have family stress. Female repeaters were younger than first cases and reported more difficulties with sexual adjustment and loneliness. Repeaters were more likely to have contacted distress centers and to have had previous mental health contact, including psychiatric hospitalization. A 6‐month follow‐up indicated four suicides in the repeaters' group and none in the first cases' group. Repeaters appear to be much more dependent than first cases on professional care and to present a high short‐term risk

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1986.tb00726.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Using four national surveys conducted in 1977, 1978, 1982, and 1983, this study examined public opinions on suicide in four situations: incurable disease, bankruptcy, family dishonor, and being tired of living. The results indicated that suicide in case of incurable disease was approved by slightly less than 43%, being tired of living by about 13%, and the other two situations by 7%. It was found that respondents with attributes of higher education, lower religiosity, and higher commitment to freedom of expression were more likely to consider suicide as acceptable. Future implications for research suggest not only an assessment of attitudes toward suicide in different situational contexts, but also assessment of individual intentions for the situations considered in this study.

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1986.tb00727.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:On the basis of psychiatric interviews with 69 former prisoners of the Auschwitz‐Birkenau concentration camp, this paper describes the circumstances, motives, and ways of committing suicide in the camp. The interviews made it clear that thousands of prisoners perished by suicide. The number of committed suicides was larger than that of attempted suicides. The most frequent types of suicide victims were prisoners of Jewish descent, foreigners, white‐collar workers, and old people. The most common motives of suicides were depressive reactions; anxiety; somatic illnesses; the threat of death; emotional motives; loss of emotional support; beatings and tortures; and patriotic and altruistic motives. The most common methods of committing suicide were flinging oneself onto the electrified wires surrounding the camp, hanging, poisoning, cutting one's veins, and drowning. There were also cases of mass suicides, chiefly in the women's camp. Suicides committed from patriotic or altruistic motives testified to the fact that human beings were able to preserve their dignity even in the face of de

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1986.tb00728.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Previous research has reported the development and validation of the Suicide Intervention Response Inventory (SIRI), a self‐report instrument assessing a counselor's ability to select an appropriate response to the life‐threatening client. The present study examined whether the response skill measured by the instrument might be multidimensional, rather than unitary as previously assumed. Inventories completed by 457 paraprofessional counselors from five suicide and crisis intervention services throughout the United States were factor‐analyzed to yield their simple structure. Results suggested that the instrument is indeed multifactorial, with four component factors identified as Elaboration of the Complaint, Exploration of Suicidality, Involvement, and Reflection of Negative Feelings. The implications of these findings for training in crisis counseling and for the further psychometric development of the instrument are

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1986.tb00729.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Previous large studies of completed suicides have not considered sexual orientation in their data analyses. In this study, data from the known homosexual subpopulation (13 males, aged 21–42) in a series of 283 suicides were examined. They were compared with all other aged male suicides 21–42 (n= 106). Both groups showed considerable substance abuse plus a variety of other psychiatric diagnoses. Both also had a high frequency of relationship difficulties near the time of death. Gays who committed suicide did not have a history of more police trouble and were no more likely to be living alone than the comparison group. They did not have more prior suicide attempts or previous psychiatric treatment. We conclude that, among the factors examined here, there appears to be little difference between gay and heterosexual male suici

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1986.tb00730.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:To clarify the social life factors affecting suicide mortality in Japanese men and women, the relationship between a wide variety of social and demographic indicators and age‐adjusted suicide mortality was assessed in 46 prefectures in Japan by stepwise multiple‐regression analysis after classification of the indicators by factor analysis. The findings indicated that rural residence was the major factor for male mortality in both 1970 and 1975; over the interval between these years, a serious economic crisis (the oil crisis) took place, and the mortality significantly increased. In addition, in 1970 (a time of high economic growth), home help for the elderly (a possible indicator of social isolation in old people), depopulation by social mobility, and urban residence were positively associated with male mortality. In women, on the other hand, both the 5‐year increase in suicide mortality and the effects of the social life factors were less significant. The unique position of Japan in comparison with Western countries regarding social risk factors for suicide is discussed in the light of these fin

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1986.tb00731.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Based on a literature review and a survey of existing programs, this preventive outreach program emphasizes staff training in order to prepare college staff to implement a variety of outreach efforts following the suicide attempt or death of a student on campus. Specific guidelines are offered for the management of the suicide crisis, with special attention focused on the friends of the suicide victim.

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1986.tb00732.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1986.tb00733.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY