摘要:

ABSTRACTThis study was conducted in order to obtain information on suicide in the Soviet Union, an important subject for which we have no scientific literature. Studies of attempted suicide in Soviet psychiatric journals were analyzed. This information was supplemented by interviews with Soviet psychiatrists now living abroad. The results of this inquiry show that suicide is a subject that clearly has become of increasing concern in the Soviet Union. Furthermore, in spite of the absence of essential statistical data on mortality, there is evidence indicating that the rate of Soviet suicide may be rising in certain parts of the country. Finally, growing concern about suicide has led to expanded prevention programs and to a new emphasis on social and psychological etiological explanations. In particular, the role of the Soviet family in crisis has been emphasized as a major influence in understanding the causes of suicidal attempts.

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1988.tb00169.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTSelf‐reported suicide ideation and suicide attempts were examined among 2,393 Mexican‐Americans (706 born in Mexico, 538 born in the United States) and non‐Hispanic whites (1,149 born in the United States). Mexican‐Americans born in Mexico reported significantly lower age‐ and gender‐adjusted lifetime rates of suicide thoughts (4.5%, 2.7–6.3%) than Mexican‐Americans born in the United States (13.0%, 10.0–15.9%), who reported significantly lower rates than non‐Hispanic whites born in the United States (19.2%, 17.4–21.0%). Adjusted rates of suicide attempt were lowest among Mexican‐Americans born in Mexico (1.6%, 0.6–2.6%) and higher among both Mexican‐Americans (4.8%, 2.4–7.2%) and non‐Hispanic whites (4.4%, 3.4–5.4%) born in the United States. Rates were not affected by degree of acculturation when immigration status was controlled. High schools and the Catholic church are suggested as sites for programs designed to prevent suicide and suicide

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1988.tb00170.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTIn order to assess perceptions of behavioral contagion of suicide (what people thought a disturbed adolescent would do if the teen knew about a suicide in the community), and to assess actor‐observer differences in such perceptions, 142 college students were asked to view a videotaped vignette of a distressed high school student, and then to assess her potential for committing suicide, running away, entering therapy, or abusing alcohol. Subjects who were told that the teenager knew of two recent suicides in the community (contagion group) rated the young woman as more likely to commit suicide or run away than did the subjects who were not told of the suicides (noncontagion group). Subjects who were instructed to imagine that they were the teenager (actors) blamed situational factors, and in particular the teen's parents, more for her distress than did subjects who were instructed just to rate the teenager on the videotape (observers). Contagion/actors rated suicide as more likely than did any other group. Apparently, people believe that behavioral contagion occurs when a suicide is reported, and they especially perceive themselves to be influenced by such informatio

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1988.tb00171.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe literature of the impact of publicized suicide stories on suicide has neglected the influence of social contexts. In the present study, the context of a popular war was inspected. A Durkheimian perspective was tested, wherein the context of war would lower suicide through promoting social integration. Suicide stories in such times should have less of an impact than in times of peace. Data were collected on widely publicized suicide stories during the World War I decade. A Cochrane—Orcutt iterative time series analysis found that publicized suicide stories during war had no impact on suicide. In contrast, peacetime suicide stories were associated with an increase of 48 suicides. This is significant, since the electronic media were nonexistent and hence could not reinforce the publicity in the printed media, as they do today. Further analysis of the relationship found similar results for New York Cit

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1988.tb00172.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe many forms of suicidal phenomena, including contemplated, attempted, and completed suicide, present significant problems to both researchers and practitioners. Although many attempts have been made to develop categories, agreement among the proposed systems has been more the exception than the rule. This article reviews theoretical and empirical efforts to define types of suicidal individuals and attempts to integrate them by means of higher‐order categories of variables. These categories or “dimensions” are as follows: (1) descriptive, (2) situational, (3) psychological/behavioral, and (4) teleological. Implications for research and practice are disc

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1988.tb00173.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTAn earlier study (Lester, 1984) found that, in the United States, cohorts that had a high suicide rate at one point in their life span had low suicide rates at other points, and vice versa. This result suggested that only a limited number of people in each cohort were suicide‐prone. The present paper replicates this result, using Canadian data from 1921 to the present tim

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1988.tb00174.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis study supports the idea that schizophrenic patients represent a distinctive subgroup of patients who can suffer from a major depressive illness and also can commit suicide. The study showed that 22.4% of the schizophrenic population in a medium‐sized psychiatric facility showed severe depressive symptoms that met the criteria for the diagnosis of a major depressive episode according to the DSM‐III classification. Seven patients committed suicide during the acute phase of the illness—five during hospitalization, and two within a year of discharge. Nine patients attempted suicide during the hospitalization period, and 10 attempted suicide within a year of discharge. Nearly one‐third (215) of the patients were readmitted during that year because of a recurrence of acute schizophrenic symptoms; of these, 84 were having severe depressive symptoms. The study also provides indications of the causes of suicide in these p

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1988.tb00175.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1988.tb00176.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1988.tb00177.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY