摘要:

ABSTRACT:States with stricter handgun control laws in 1968 were shown to have lower suicide rates by firearms both in 1960 and in 1970. These states also had higher rates of suicide by “other means.” In contrast, no such effect of strict handgun control laws was found for mortality from homicide by firearms. More detailed analyses indicated that restrictions on selling and buying handguns were more important than restrictions on carrying handg

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1982.tb00935.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Thirty hospitalized suicidal adolescents were compared with thirty‐four hospitalized nonsuicidal teenagers and thirty‐five nonhospitalized coping youngsters (controls) on the extent of their problems, their perceptions of peer and family relationships, degree of hopelessness, and locus of control. Suicidals were found to experience the greatest total number of problems, nonsuicidals the next most, and controls the fewest. Significantly more peer problems differentiated the suicidals from the other two groups, while serious family problems discriminated the three groups from each other. The controls viewed their families as the most well‐adjusted, followed by the nonsuicidals, while the suicidals felt their families were the most maladjusted. Suicide attempters experienced a significantly greater degree of hopelessness than all the nonattempters, and significantly more external locus of control than the controls. Some sex differences emerged in the

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1982.tb00936.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:While the current literature contains numerous studies and even more numerous assumptions linking aspects of the work setting, stress, and mortality; no systematic investigation has been made of possible patterns of stress‐induced self‐destructive behaviors among the work settingsper se. This research paper attempts to help fill that gap by reporting on an analysis of data on industry, age and mortality rates for seven stress‐related causes of death (suicide, homocide, hypertensive heart disease, cirrhosis of the liver, arteriosclerotic heart disease, ulcer of the stomach, and hypertension). Using available United States' mortality statistics, a consistent pattern is found for all of the stress‐related types of deaths by industry and age. A suggested explanation of this pattern is based on status integration

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1982.tb00937.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Within the authoritative role, the telephone counselor engages the caller in realistic talk of dying in an effort to reinstate control. Anxiety reduction is accomplished through problem clarification. Narrowing down open negative statements reduces diffuse anxiety, while reinterpreting events reduces energized anxiety. To provide hope, care can be proven as genuine implicitly by using the caller's name, filling conversation with emotive gestures, and extending “why” questions. Explicit proof can be in the form of active listening, tolerance of dispositions, and involvement such as suggesting milk, tissues, or calling on significant others. To further provide hope and to reinstate control, allowance is given for manipulation such as the caller setting the initial mood of conversation. A model is presented for pursuing alternatives and a technique of interrogative restating to broaden resources. Time‐outs are posited for stymied intervention, detective work for discovering critical information, and guilt inducement as a means of recourse. To close the call, promises are extracted from and reinforcement statements are administered to the c

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1982.tb00938.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1982.tb00939.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY