摘要:

ABSTRACT:All available assessment instruments (N= 29) used to study suicidal behaviors in adolescents and young adults (age 12–20) were collected and reviewed. Instruments were found to vary substantially in purpose, format, informant, and theoretical orientation. The items from these to ols (N= 461) were categorized according to behavior type (thoughts, feelings, or actions) and content categories (death/life‐related, disease‐promoting/preventing, injury‐producing/reducing, person‐reducing/enhancing, and factual information). The majority of the items were found to assess thoughts and were focused on death‐related content. Recommendations include the need for more rigorous validation of instruments, clearer operational definitions, additional normative information, and expansion of the pool of available items to encompass a broader array of self‐destruct

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1991.tb00946.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Psychologists run the risk of losing a patient to suicide and of experiencing the traumatic impact of this event. The present study examines current levels of training in the study of suicide in the member‐departments of the National Council of Schools of Professional Psychology (NCSPP—N= 33), comparing these findings with the level of training in member‐departments (N= 115) of the Council of University Directors of Clinical Psychology programs (CUDCP). Eighty percent of the CUDCP departments (N= 92) responded, and of these, only 35% offer formal training in the study of suicide; whereas in the 76% of the NCSPP programs that responded, 56% offer formal training. Although the NCSPP programs seem attitudinally more receptive and supportive of formal training (graduate and postgraduate) in the study of suicide, the NCSPP programs do not significantly differ from their CUDCP counterparts in the actual availability of such formal training. Even when all training efforts of the CUDCP and NCSPP programs are combined, only 40% of all graduate programs in clinical psychology offer formal training in the study of su

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1991.tb00947.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:This study examines whether the purported tripling in teenage suicides since the 1950s represents a real increase or is simply an artifact of the increased skill of medical examiners in distinguishing youth suicides from fatal accidents. This study examines firearms and poisoning deaths, which together account for 75% of all certified youth suicides, from 1953 through 1987, and concludes: (a) a past undercount of youth suicides is likely, (b) the increase in youth suicide that has occurred is less dramatic than reported and resembles increases in adult suicide, and (c) the suicide increase indicated among youths and adults occurred from 1964 to 1971 and has since stabilized.

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1991.tb00948.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1991.tb00949.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Even though in Italy, as in the majority of Mediterranean countries, the increase in suicide rates is not among the highest in Europe, between 1969 and 1989 it showed a sharp upswing (+43% among males and +31% among females). In terms of geographical differences, the regions with the highest suicide rate are the northern ones (up to twice the national average). The age groups with the highest suicide risk are those over 74 years (in 1989 the rate among males over 65 was the highest of all: 31.3 per 100,000). The differences in the between‐sexes distribution show that among females over 65 years old the suicide rate rose by 70% between 1974 and 1989, versus 77% for males of the same age. The preliminary epidemiological results of one of two Italian centers are presented. These centers are collaborating with the WHO/EURO Multicenter Study on Parasuicide; parasuicide rates are higher for females than for males (55.9 per 100,000, as against 38.1 for males), while the age group at highest risk is seen to be young women (15–24 years), with a specific rate of 1

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1991.tb00950.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Cases of completed suicide among U.S. Navy enlisted personnel occurring from 1974 through 1985 were identified and compared with similar rates in the U.S. general population and in the U.S. Army. Although the Navy suicide rate was the lowest of the three groups, this rate increased between 1976 and 1983. This was in contrast to national and Army trends during the same period. Young white males in the apprentice/recruit and blue‐collar occupations had the highest rates of completed suicide in the Navy. Recommendations for prevention and treatment are discusse

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1991.tb00951.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:During the war against Japan, there were two facets of an American program to prevent suicide among the Japanese. One was a research component in the Foreign Morale Analysis Division (FMAD), a subunit of the Office of War Information. The principal FMAD figure who did most of the research on Japanese suicide and ways to prevent suicide among the Japanese military was the anthropologist Ruth Benedict, assisted by her Japanese‐American aide Robert Hashima. The second facet was the suicide prevention program itself, which was put into effect toward the end of the war in the battles of Saipan and Okinawa. This program of action was undertaken by American GIs. These unheralded activities in suicide prevention merit a place in the annals of suicide prevention program

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1991.tb00952.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1991.tb00953.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1991.tb00954.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY