摘要:

Approximately 30% of suicides in New York City are the result of jumping from a height. After describing jumping suicides and jumping sites, we used polychotomous logistic regression to compare the characteristics of suicides by jumping to those of individuals committing suicide by hanging, ingestion, or shooting. Method used was significantly associated with sociodemographics, occupation, and mental health status, even after adjustment for individual access to the means of committing suicide. Our finding of an independent association between personal characteristics and method used provides strong evidence for the hypothesis that controlling access to an agent of suicide can influence overall suicide rates, at least in the short term. Study results support the introduction of preventive programs to control access to commonly employed agents of suicide.

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1993.tb00373.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study sought to evaluate postvention provided to two schools following student suicides. A risk index for suicidal behavior among exposed adolescents was devised. The index clearly differentiated high (n= 272) and low (n= 534) scorers on a range of outcome variables. While two‐thirds of students attending postvention counselling had two or more putative risk factors for suicidal behavior, a further 231 uncounselled students had similar risk scores. Counselled students (n= 63) did not differ from matched controls (n= 63) at 8‐month follow‐up on a range of outcome variables. Measures to improve future postvention are disc

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1993.tb00374.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study presents self‐report cross‐sectional and longitudinal data on associations between drug use, suicide ideation, and attempts in a multiethnic sample of seventh‐ and eighth‐grade male adolescents attending school in the greater Miami, Florida, area. African Americans had the highest prevalence of 6‐month ideation (20.5%), and Haitians had the highest attempts (11.4%). For the total sample, tranquilizers had the highest odds ratio for ideation (3.4), and PCP for attempts (6.2). Psychoactive drug‐use was consistently related to attempts among Hispanics, white non‐Hispanics, and African Americans. Acculturation strains interacted with cocaine and crack to predict suicide attempts among Hispani

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1993.tb00375.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Three‐hundred ninety‐three adolescents from six schools participated in a study aimed at examining the effectiveness of an experiential suicide prevention program with regard to suicidal tendencies, hopelessness, ego identity, and coping ability. The subjects were randomly divided into experimental (n= 215) and control (n= 178) groups. The experimental groups took part in seven weekly 2‐hour meetings. The program was based on the notion that a gradual, controlled confrontation and exploration of inner experiences and life difficulties related to suicidal behavior accompanied by an emphasis on coping strategies can immunize against self‐destructive feelings. In this pretest‐posttest design, the students completed questionnaires of suicidal tendencies, hopelessness, ego identity, and coping ability before and after the program. The statistical analyses showed that the experimental groups were superior to the controls, with at least some of the dependent measures pointing out the effectiveness of th

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1993.tb00376.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

While a number of studies have described high and increasing rates of completed suicide among psychiatric patients, the suicide risk of forensic hospital patients is virtually unknown. This paper reports on the suicides that have taken place in the country's oldest continually operating institution housing persons formerly labeled “criminally insane,” the Bridgewater State Hospital. The results show considerable variation in the suicide rate by historical period, with suicide prior to 1968 a considerably more infrequent event. By contrast, the post‐′68 rate of 232 per 100,000 is comparable to data reported in a series of studies of psychiatric suicides, and significantly higher than that found in U.S. studies of correctional populations. These differences are discussed. The results strongly suggest that forensic hospital populations have suicide rates broadly comparable to other psychiatric popu

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1993.tb00377.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The relevance of a clinical diagnosis of depression for explaining the discrepant relationships of hopelessness and depression with suicidal ideation was studied. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Hopelessness Scale (BHS), and the Scale for Suicide Ideation (SSI) were administered to 1,306 (72.8%) patients with at least one DSM‐III‐R mood disorder and 488 (27.3%) patients without any mood disorders. A multiple regression analysis was conducted, and hopelessness was 1.3 times more important than depression was for explaining suicidal ideation. The interactions of the BDI and BHS with diagnostic group were not signific

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1993.tb00378.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Empirical studies of suicide survivors with designs that include control groups are reviewed. Investigations are discussed individually with respect to those in which participating survivors are friends or a combination of many different relationships to the deceased, parents of the deceased child, and spouses. Following the review is a brief discussion of the commonalities of the findings and the most frequent methodological difficulties. Concluding comments suggest methodological improvements as well as issues and groups for which additional investigations are needed.

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1993.tb00379.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The inpatient treatment plan is the essential guide to coordinate the nursing and adjunctive therapeutic staff's approach to the multiple needs of hospitalized patients. The written plan, formulated within days of admission, articulates to the community of caregivers the link between the patient's presenting problems and those services available to alleviate them. As illustrated in the case of Steve, the complexities of patients and of care‐giving systems require careful thought in arriving at a workable approac

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1993.tb00380.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1993.tb00381.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1993.tb00382.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY